Things block chain (loT) Overview
Things are a new round of information after the wave of computers, the Internet, which is the basic Force is through the installation of information sensing device, all the goods and people connected through the network, to achieve people - people, things - things and people - information exchange between objects, to facilitate the identification and management. Things application areas include consumer applications and industrial applications two major areas in which the consumer applications include vehicle networking, smart home, smart wearable devices, etc.; applications and industries including manufacturing, transportation, public utilities and so on.
In recent years, the market size of the networking industry there has been rapid growth, according to preliminary estimates released by prospective Institute for Industrial industry reports, over the next decade to maintain the block chain industry average annual growth rate of about 20%, 5 years after the market is expected to to reach $ 2.8 trillion.
In practice, things are still subject to security equipment, loss of privacy, low efficiency, trust the constraints of the problem of higher costs. Block chain technology can provide direct interconnection point for the way things used to transmit data, to reduce the cost of protecting personal privacy trust has a positive meaning, eliminating dependence on centralized services you can trust to reduce costs, improve network efficiency, thus Things It has long been regarded as one of the circuit blocks gold chain.
2 Project Summary
Things block chain in the field should be is in a rapid growth phase, according to the chain tower data platform statistics, there are 58 blocks chain of Things project can be divided into two categories:
Traditional enterprise layout
With the rise of the heat block chain, many traditional companies and Internet of Things enterprises to speed up the layout of the block chain, many companies are on the block chain unicorn Things were a lot of exploration, there is a typical representative of Cisco's district block chain equipment marking system, Ali, ZTE, China Unicom to create a joint things block chain framework. Subject to the policy factors, traditional companies in the chain of things to block private chain or alliance-based chain, usually do not issue digital currency.
A typical block chain project
Such projects usually issued tokens to raise funds, managed by the Foundation in the form of, among the more influential of the project are summarized as follows:
3 Case Study
IBM truck tracking solution
In early 2018, IBM and Columbia logistics solutions provider AOS launch a block chain + Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. Under this program, the truck will be the shipper's name and details of goods with RFID tags that contain vehicle data. Sensor real time recording process information with the remaining space ensuring safety, and the GPS signal will be used to record the route and increasing traceability data.
所有信息会通过IBM的区块链系统进行保存，以便各相关方进行查询。在这一体系中，物联网起到了追踪发货流通和货物状态的作用，而区块链网络可以让这些信息更加完整、安全。
基于DAG的物联网平台：IOTA
IOTA基于新型的分布式账本——Tangle实现，能够克服现有区块链设计中的低效性，并为去中心化P2P系统共识的达成创造了一种新方法。Tangle放弃了传统的链式架构，采用了DAG(有向无环图结构)，通过平行验证可以在免手续费的同时实现较高的交易吞吐量。
IOTA主要瞄准于物联网领域，涵盖机器支付、智能城市、智能电网、基础设施、供应链等。2017年底，IOTA基金会与微软、富士通、思科、三星以及另外20多家公司合作，为物联网推出了首个可公开访问的Marketplace数据市场。
IOTA是物联网公链的的典型代表，这类项目往往试图打造一个完整的平台，建立起高效、去中心化的生态，但项目发展极易受到政府政策及运营团队的影响。
4展望
一方面，区块链不可篡改和去中心化的特点使其可以与物联网天然结合，对于物联网发展的部分痛点有着非常积极的意义。在可见的未来，区块链与物联网将会进一步结合，带来不可估量的经济价值。
另一方面，区块链技术运行效率慢的特点一直以来都没有被彻底解决，包括IOTA在内的各类区块链项目还很难支持起过终端数量较多的网络体系。此外，区块链更多的是解决生产关系，而在解决生产力问题上收效甚微。当前5G、IPV6、人工智能等基础设施仍处于较低发展水平，严重制约着物联网的发展。
（作者：链茶馆，内容来自链得得内容开放平台“得得号”；本文仅代表作者观点，不代表链得得官方立场）
