19 years from the construction division exam that is getting closer every year by this time there will be a lot of students ask me small series "The focus of this year's exam-related information?" Yes ah, for a building for examination and then there are people who can not grasp this commitment will be over this year, so the relevant pro forma information is particularly important, this is not, today small to share with you is that two test sites of historical examination often test, I hope you can understand grasp.
1. Establish a system of fire
To establish and improve construction site fire safety system. The establishment of voluntary fire brigades, the number of not less than 10% of the total construction. Establish on-site use of fire approval system.
Construction site fire protection construction organization plan construction design, construction program should comply with the relevant regulations and requirements for fire safety. Construction site should be a clear division of the construction area, yard flammable combustible materials, materials warehouse, flammable waste centralized stations and living areas. Construction site at night lighting facilities should be set up to maintain smooth flow of vehicles, manned patrol. Not the erection of temporary buildings in high-voltage lines below or piled combustible materials. Construction site should be equipped with adequate fire fighting equipment, and set up special maintenance, management, regularly updated to ensure effective use.
During the civil construction, should first fire equipment and facilities with good, while laying water pipes and outdoor fire hydrant. Stacking distance between dangerous goods shall not be less than 10m, stacked from inflammable and explosive materials and hazardous materials shall not be less than 30m. Storing pitch acetylene bottles and oxygen bottles not less than 2m, a distance not less than 5m use. Oxygen bottles, acetylene bottles of safety accessories welding and cutting equipment should be complete and effective, it shall be used. Construction site welding and cutting operations, must comply with fire safety requirements. When winter construction using heat insulation measures, should be a corresponding program and comply with the relevant requirements. Construction site hot work must be performed flare approval system.
2. The metal structure tower crane
The metal structure of a tower boom, the tower, the turntable, the socket, the balance arm, chassis, etc. spire.
Boom type construction of the horizontal jib trolley, subdivided single hanging down another point, and a twin-lift boom arm integral with the balance hammer of formula horizontal jib trolley. Single hanging point is statically determinate, twin-lift is a statically indeterminate structure. Hammerhead-type horizontal jib trolley, mounted to the top of the tower, Zhuangruo hammer, hammer handle the tower, no spire, so called flat head type. Flat-Top structure allows simpler and more conducive to stress, to reduce weight, the advantages of simplified structure. Trolley boom mostly used equilateral triangular cross-section.
The tower structure, also known as the tower, the tower is the main machine structure. Today machines are square tower section, a wider application sectional size: 1.2m × 1.2m, 1.4m × 1.4m, 1.6m × 1.6m, 2.0m × 2.0m; tower section and common size is 2.5m 3m. Tower section is coupled manner employed, the most widely used is the cover bolts and bolt coupling sleeve coupled column followed by the coupling pin and socket coupling pin card. Standard section with integral standard tower sections and assembled tower section, the latter high precision, making difficult, but piling up small footprint, low shipping costs.
Must be set within the tower ladder sections so up and down driver and mechanic. Ladder width not less than 500mm, step ladder spaced not more than 300mm, a retainer is provided for each 500mm. When the ladder height of more than 10m, should transfer segment, the adapter is provided at an add rest platform.
Spire cord function is subjected to the boom and arm balance rope coming from the upper load, and by rotating tower, the turntable, the socket and the like structural formula transmitted directly through the turret member to the tower structure. The jack has a truncated cone column overhead, the forwardly or rearwardly inclined frustoconical column, and bracing of formula Renzi Jia rack.