1. notes
systenctl restart network: Restart card network services
bash: Refresh Host Name
netstat: View network status
route -n: do not do address resolution
mii-tool eno16777728: View Link
2.ifconfig command information contained in :
Link encap: Ethernet Ethernet ⽹ HWaddr: a physical address (MAC address)
inet addr: IPv4 address Bcast: Wide-broadcast address Mask: Mask submenus ⽹
inet6 addr: IPv6 address
3. Open networks temporarily modify the configuration
( 1) Remedies ⼀: ifconfig Open networks device IP address [/ short format Submenu ⽹ mask]
( 2) Remedies ⼆: ifconfig Open networks device IP address [netmask Submenu ⽹ mask]
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens32 192.168.200.111
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens32 192.168.200.111/24
[root@localhost ~]
4. Open networks arranged to modify the fixed
( In ifcfg- Open networks corresponding to the device name in the / etc / sysconfig / network-scripts / of Contents: 1) Configuration File
Said first frame by default block ⽹ card ens32 or ens33
( 2) Configuration File Edit: before ⾯ band # represents the contents necessary configuration comes in handy
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32
BOOTPROTO = static # boot protocol (DHCP: automatically acquiring; static / none: the watch movement
Configuration)
DEVICE = ens32 # device name
ONBOOT = yes # if the boot is automatically activated
IP address IPADDR = 192.168.200.111 # IPv4 protocol
PREFIX = 24 # submenus ⽹ mask
GATEWAY = 192.168.200.1 # ⽹ off
DNS1 = 202.106.0.20 #DNS Domain Name Service
HWADDR = 00 ^ 0C ^ 29 ^ 8F: D8 ^ E0 # physical address (MAC address)
5. Check network connection is provided where the command netstat
Frequently-used options:
-a: Displays the current host Open networks all active connection information
-n: display information in digital form
-r: Displays the routing table information
-t: display information related to the TCP protocol
-u: Displays information UDP protocol
-p: display and network connection is provided associated process ID, process name information (requires root privileges)
-l: View monitor the status of the network connection is provided information
6.ping, traceroute command
Open networks connectivity test ping command
Frequently-used options:
Specifies the number of transmitted packets: -c
-i: When the ping, the number of seconds specified interval to record the next data packet transmission
-w: When ping fails, each data packet transmitted specified timeout in seconds
-s: specify the packet zoomed ⼩
Way to track the route data packets traceroute command
-n: Do not Perform reverse DNS lookup directly display the numeric IP address
7. often ⻅ of TTL (Time To Live) period value stored ⽣:
windows：128
linux：64
unix：255
cisco：255
8. temporary card Submenu-connector provided ⽹
Remedies: the ifconfig Open networks equipment: Submenu Connector name IP address / mask short format Submenu ⽹
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens32^0 192.168.1.1/24
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens32:sec 192.168.2.1/24
9. permanently set ⽹ card-connector Submenu
( 1) Remedies: moving the watch needs to add configuration files in the / etc / sysconfig / network-scrips / of Contents
[root@localhost~]#vim/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32^0
10. The state of temporary modification of the card ⽹
( 1) Remedies: ifconfig Open networks apparatus up / down
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens32 down && ifconfig ens32 up
11. Open networks reload configuration files
( 1) Restart Open networks and services in order to achieve re-read the configuration files of the destination time
⽅法：systemctl restart network = service network restart
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network
( 2) modify a configuration block ⽹ card, only to restart the card ⽹
Format: ifdown device Open networks; the ifup Open networks equipment
[root@localhost ~]# ifdown ens32 ;
12. Temporary modify the hostname
The new hostname hostname
[root@localhost ~]# hostname crushlinux.com
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@crushlinux ~]# hostname
crushlinux.com
13. permanently modify the hostname
Remedies 1: edit / etc / sysconfig / network configuration files, reboot the system efficiency ⽣
[root@crushlinux ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
# Created by anaconda
HOSTNAME=crushlinux.com
Remedies 2: edit / etc / hostname configuration files, restart ⽣ effect (recommended)
[root@crushlinux ~]# vim /etc/hostname
crushlinux.com
14. The temporary configuration routing
( 1) temporarily add, delete the specified route segment recorded ⽹
Remedies: route segment ⽹ the Add -net / short format Submenu ⽹ gateway address mask gw ⽹
⽹ segment route del -net / Submenu ⽹ short format mask
[root@crushlinux ~]# route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 gw 192.168.200.1
[root@crushlinux ~]# route -n
[root@crushlinux ~]# route del -net 192.168.2.0/24
( 2) temporarily add, delete the default ⽹ off record
Remedies: route the Add default gateway address gw ⽹
route del default gw gateway address ⽹
[root@crushlinux ~]# route del default gw 192.168.200.1
15. Routing permanent configuration
( 1) Remedies ⼀: Add the /etc/rc.local
[root@crushlinux ~]# vim /etc/rc.local
route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 gw 192.168.200.1
route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 dev ens32
( 2) Remedies ⼆: Add to the end of the / etc / sysconfig / network in
Note: The configuration files ⽹ card ⽹ set off if the priority of the file to this configuration files ADVANCED
[root@crushlinux ~]# grep "GATEWAY" /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg
ens32
GATEWAY=192.168.200.1
( 3) Remedies three: Modify / etc / sysconfig / static-routes configuration files (which files the watch without moving building
⽴）
[root@crushlinux ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/static-routes
any net 192.168.1.0/24 gw 192.168.200.1
any net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.200.1
[root@crushlinux ~]# systemctl restart network
[root@crushlinux ~]
( 4) Remedies Four: open IP forwarding (routing)
1> echo "1"> / proc / sys / net / ipv4 / ip_forward (temporary open)
2> /etc/sysctl.conf edit files will net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 to 1 (permanently turned on)
sysctl -p (so sysctl.conf files attention immediately ⽣ efficiency) temporary opening
[root@crushlinux ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
0
[root@crushlinux ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
Permanently open
[root@crushlinux ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@crushlinux ~]# sysctl -p
16. Set the DNS resolution.
( Configuration File Edit / etc / sysconfig / network-scripts / Open networks of Contents the device: 1) Remedies ⼀
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32
DNS1 = 202.106.0.20
( 2) Remedies ⼆: vi edit files /etc/resolv.conf
[root@crushlinux ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
nameserver 202.106.0.20
17. Local DNS host mapping files
( 1) Remedies: edit / etc / hosts files
( 2) Description: / etc / hosts files take precedence over DNS domain name resolution service, that is, if ⼀ domain names
In the existing mapping between hosts files, the ⾏ domain name resolution will no longer enter the DNS server. hosts File
A member ⼀ ip