- tar command: tar -cvf packed .tar file path of the file to be packaged the packaged file into tar package, but has not been compressed;
[@ Server- the root n93yom Test] LL # Total 0 -rw-R & lt - r-- . 1 the root guanbin 0 Jul- 22 is 16 : 09 test1 [the root @ Server -n93yom Test] Touch # . 1 .py [the root @ Server -n93yom the Test] Touch # 2 .py [root @ Server -n93yom the Test] Touch # 3 .py [root @ Server -n93yom the Test] # tar -cvf haha.tar * .py files in the current directory // ending the .py packaged into haha.tar . 1 .py 2 .py . 3 .py
tar options Description: 1.c to generate archive files, create a package file; 2.x to unlock the archive; 3.v as set out in detail the process of archiving solution archives, showing progress; 4 specify the archive file name, f behind. must be .tar file, it is necessary to finally put option
- tar -xvf to unpack the package file
[root@Server-n93yom tmp]# tar -xvf haha.tar 1.py 2.py 3.py [root@Server-n93yom tmp]# ll total 33808 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 1.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 2.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 3.py
- gizp command and tar command used in combination, file archiving and compression: tar is only responsible for packaging, gzip compression in charge: in linux most common format: xxx.tar.gz
[root@Server-n93yom tmp]# tar -zcvf haha.tar.gz *.py 1.py 2.py 3.py [root@Server-n93yom tmp]# ls -lh total 34M -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 1.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 2.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 3.py -rw-r--r-- . 1 the root the root 10K Jul- 27 23 is : 20 is haha.tar -rw-R & lt - r-- . 1 the root the root 129 Jul- 27 23 is : 36 haha.tar.gz // see haha.tar.gz file size is only 129 words festival
- Extracting tar.gz file: tar -zxvf package file destination path .tar.gz -C ( -C unpacked into the specified directory, attention must exist unzipped )
[root@Server-n93yom tmp]# tar -zxvf haha.tar.gz -C /root/python/ 1.py 2.py 3.py [root@Server-n93yom tmp]# ll -lh /root/python/ total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 1.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 2.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 23:18 3.py
- tar command can be combined and packaged into bzip2, tar.bz2 package, usage and the like gzip: compressed tar -jcvf, decompression tar -xcvf
6.ln -s linked source files linked files Note: -s is no hard links
[root@Server-n93yom ~]# ln -s /var/log/cloudchef/server/cloudchef.log cloudchef.log [root@Server-n93yom ~]# ll total 8 -rw-------. 1 root root 1706 Jun 17 09:56 anaconda-ks.cfg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1 Jul 25 23:05 cal.txt lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 39 Jul 27 23:53 cloudchef.log -> /var/log/cloudchef/server/cloudchef.log drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 42 Jul 27 23:43 python drwxr-xr-x 2 root guanbin 55 Jul 27 23:20 test drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 145 Jul 27 23:45 tmp
Soft link is actually a shortcut to the source file; in fact, the data in the file name and file linux is stored separately;
7. to install and uninstall the files using apt in ubuntu, apt full name: Advanced Packaging Tool, is a package management tool under linux
- Install the package: sudo apt install package
- Uninstall the packages: sudo aptremove package
- Update installed packages: sudo apt upgrade
8. Configuring the software source: Because to download from the official issuer server package will be very slow, can be downloaded from the domestic mirroring, mirroring domestic sources reported and the source server is the same, is authorized; in in ubuntu
Mirroring source to the sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list