mysql series of full and incremental backups 5--

First, using the system comes with tools to achieve a full backup: mysqldump

Data backup:

     物理备份：直接拷贝库或表对应的文件。限于myisam,跨平台性差

     逻辑备份：执行备份时，根据已有的数据，生成对应的sql命令，把sql保存到指定的文件里

1. Back up all databases:

    mysqldump -hlocalhost -uroot -p12345678   --all-databases > /opt/$(date +%F).sql

  //--all-databases--所有数据库 /opt/$(date +%F).sql 重定向到以日期命名的文件

2, back up the specified database:

mysqldump -hlocalhost -uroot -p12345678 db1 db2 > /opt/$(date +%F).sql

3, fully restored: first of all to ensure that the inventory, not create

mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p12345678 db88 < /opt/123.sql

4, full recovery can also be carried out in the mysql command line: source /opt/2018-01-22.sql

5, with regular full backups can be scheduled task

 if [ ! -d /data ];then    //首先判断该目录是否存在，不存在则创建

      mkdir /data

 fi

mysqldump -uroot -p12345678 test > /data/$(date +%F)-test.sql

Second, to enable real-time incremental backup binlog log

Differential backup: backup since the full backup of all data generated

Incremental backup: backup since the last backup, all newly generated data

1, the binary log, recording sql query commands except

  由于mysql默认没有启用binlog日志，故需在配置文件里面修改

  日志文件，不能大于500M，mysqlbinlog server51-bin.000001 //查看日志命令

  server_id=51                       //服务器编号，唯一

  log-bin=/mysqllog/server51  //启用logbin日志文件，指定其路径和文件名，必须要给mysql帐号权限

  binlog-format="mixed"        //指定日志文件格式，有三种格式

2, the log file records sql command mode

   时间： 180127 23:23:29 server id 51

   偏移量：  at 313

3, recovery data

A, offset Recovery:

mysqlbinlog  --start-position=378  --stop-position=534  /mysqllog/server51.000001      |  mysql -uroot  -p12345678 

                                起始偏移量                           终止偏移量                       binlog日志文件                                                 登陆的帐号和密码

B、时间恢复

    mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2018-1-27 23:22:22" --stop-datetime="2018-1-27 23:23:29"  //指定起始时间和终止时间

      /mysqllog/server51.000001   |  mysql -uroot  -p12345678    //指定日志文件和登陆的用户名和密码

4, manually generate a new log file binlog

     刷新日志：flush logs;

     登陆时创建：mysql  -uroot  -p123456   -e  "flush logs"

     导出备份数据库时：mysqldump  -uroot  -p123456  --flush-logs  db4  > /root/db4.sql

     重启服务器时生成新的日志文件

5, how to delete the log

mysql> reset master; // delete all the logs, generate a new log file

mysql> purge master logs to "log file name"; // delete a single log file

mysql> purge master logs to "plj.000006"; // delete all log files prior to the specified log file

mysql series of full and incremental backups 5--

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