Final English semester summary for graduate students at Southeast University

write in front

Author: Xia Tian

Blog address: https://blog.csdn.net/zss192

This article is the final summary of the last semester of English for graduate students at Southeast University. The content is summarized based on the PPT sent by the teacher.

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Question description

Module 1 International Conference 50%

• Question type range:
  • Objective questions - multiple-choice questions, true-false questions, matching questions, sorting questions, etc.
  • Subjective questions-paragraph/fill-in-the-blank translation questions

Module 2 Technical Communication 50%

• Question range
  • Objective questions - multiple-choice questions, true-false questions, matching questions, sorting questions, etc.
  • Subjective questions – writing questions (given scenario)
    • This year’s writing question is to give a description (a paragraph) to re-describe the layout.

International Conference

1.Presentation skills

Main points

• Coping with nerves Coping with nerves
• Non-verbal language non-verbal language
• Voice production (pitch, pace, volume, pause, etc.) Voice production (pitch, pace, volume, pause, etc.)
• The structure of a presentation The structure of a presentation
• Ways to open and end a presentation Ways to open and end a presentation
• Advantages and disadvantages of visual aids Advantages and disadvantages of visual aids
• Principles for an effective presentation Principles for an effective presentation
• Presentation triangle, presentation outline, organization patterns Presentation triangle, presentation outline, organization patterns

Knowledge points

1.Body Language：Posture、Personal space 、 Attitude 、Eye contact 、Audience awareness

2.Voice and Delivery：Control – practise 、 Keep audience interested、Voice(Don’t read from a script、Project your voice 、Use pauses and silences 、Speak slowly and clearly)

3.Handling Questions：Share the question、 Think about the answer、Only answer the question、Politely check the answer was ok

4.Structure

• Beginning
  • Tell them what you’re going to tell them…
  • Introductions, main points, set the scene
• Middle (main part)
  • Tell them what you’d tell them…
  • Main points and supporting evidence, recap, make it flow
• End
  • tell them what you told them
  • Restate main points, tell them how they’ve benefited, questions
    5.ABC principles
• Accuracy：Using terminology、Explaining obscure terms clearly、Reducing vague expressions、Using diagrams if possible、Using concrete data
• Brevity：Be the soul of wit、Lessen slide’s contents, increase oral explaining、Use basic words for profound meaning
• Clarity：Make it easy to follow、Balance accuracy and fluency: a couple of contra dictions、Pronounce your words correctly、Don’t ramble away the subject

6.Overcoming Stage Fright：Prepare well、Learn techniques to relax (deep breathing, imagery,familiar face location)、Visualize yourself speaking successfully、Utilize notes /outlines、Practice、Don’t apologize for your nervousness、Understand that mistakes are going to happen

7.A Presentation Triangle：Design、Content、Delivery,Your presentation is determined by where you stand in the triangle

8.CONTENT

• Structure
  • attention getter
  • opening - body - closing - Q&A
  • body: topic sentence - supports - conclusion
• Language
  • lexical choice / word level
  • fluency / accuracy

9.DESIGN

• PPT
  • font / animation / bullets
  • high pixel pictures / background /relevancy

10.Delivery

• Verbal：articulation、tone、pace & pause
• Non-verbal：eye contact、posture、movement、facial expression、gesture

11.Good Presentation Skills

• Clear and consistent font used throughout
• Font size appropriate and consistent throughout
• Introduced herself and said what she was going to talk about
• Elaborated on the points on the slide (did not just read from the slides)
• Faced the audience
• Gave eye contact
• Appropriate volume and pace
• Gave opportunity for audience to answer questions
• Provided a reference list

12.Presentation Mistakes

• Bad choice of background color
• Bad choice of fonts
• Too many unnecessary and unprofessional animations/transitions
• Irrelevant and unprofessional pictures
• Inconsistent font style (sometimes too small, sometimes too big)
• Audience not given the chance to answer questions
• Read completely off the slides
• Back to audience
• Bad body language (crossed arms)
• No eye contact
• At times spoke too fast
• Overcrowded slides
• No reference list at the end
• No opportunity for questions
• Unsure of how to use technology at the beginning
• Playing on phone and drinking at the beginning
• Didn’t introduce herself at the beginning

13.Using Effective Visual Aids: PPT

• Rule A: they are visual
  • Speaking to the audience, not the visuals.
  • Using the right font size.
  • Using color wisely
• Rule B: they are aids
  • Supplement not the presentation itself.
  • Complement not replication of the spoken words

14.Guidelines for PPT Slides

• Using text：6 by 6 rule(no more than six words per line and no more than six bullet points per slide.)、No paragraphs、Bullet points, no sentences、A separate line for each point、Give each slide a title
• Using graphics：Use scanned images of high quality、All relevant to the text、Replace text with graphics if better、Images should be simple and clear

15.Presentation Outline

• introduction
  • get attention、greet the audience、introduce yourself /purpose/…、outline the structure、explain rules for questions
• body：structure and organization patterns
• conclusion：summarize your presentation、thank the audience、invite questions
• Q&A

16.How to get audience’s attention：To tell a story 、 To use startling facts or statistics 、 To begin with a quotation 、 To ask a hypothetical question 、 To refer to a historical event 、 To refer to a current or recent event, if appropriate 、 To use personal experiences 、 To mention a previous speech or speaker 、 To use song lyrics, a poem or very brief excerpts from a book 、 To play a video clip, a clip from TV show 、 To use a bit humor

17.Principles for an effective Presentation：ABC Principle、Seven-C Principle、LST Principle、KISS Principle、Three Tells

18.Organization Patterns：Timeliness、Flow Chart、Description Graphic Organizers、Compare and Contrast Graphic Organizers、Cause and Effect Graphic Organizers、Problem-Solution

2.Welcome/Opening speech

Main points

• The definition of a welcome speech The definition of a welcome speech
• Elements of a welcome speech and its features Elements of a welcome speech and its features
• Purposes of a welcome speech Purposes of a welcome speech
• General linguistic patterns for each purpose in a welcome speech General linguistic patterns for each purpose in a welcome speech
• Language: useful expressions Language: useful expressions

Knowledge points

1.Components of Academic Conference

• Opening speech --introducing themes
• Introducing speakers
• Presenting papers(Keynote Speeches)
• Q&A sessions
• Closing speech /summary

2.Opening Speech

• What
  • A speech to mark the opening of an event
  • Also called a welcome speech
  • Usually last for 1-2 minutes, but can be longer for grander events
• Who
  • usually delivered by the chairperson or a well-known authority in the field or a distinguished guest
    • The chair/organizer
    • Experts in the field
    • High officials
• Why
  • Mark the opening
  • Welcome the attendants
  • a prelude to a conference, set the tone
  • Allure the participants
• What
  • Specifically acknowledge any important guests
  • generally welcome all the guests
  • Introduce background information of the host and the occasion
  • Emphasize themes and objectives
  • Express good wishes
• How
  • Formal：How to make your welcome speech formal?
  • Respectful：How to be respectful?
  • Grateful：To whom?
  • Brief：Why?

3.Welcome remarks

• Please allow me（to represent）(代表)the organizing committee to extend my warmest congratulations on the convening of this conference. I would also like to warmly welcome you—all the participants home and abroad to the conference
• （On behalf of）(代表)the sponsors, the School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, and Tianjin Medical College, I would like to express a very warm welcome to the guests, experts and delegates who have traveled here to participate in this academic conference. I would also like to express our heartfelt thanks to all the organizations and friends, who have helped and supported us in organizing this conference.

4.Thanks

• My（heartfelt gratitude）(衷心谢意) will be given to Northwestern Polytechnic University as well, who is the sponsor of the meeting and who undertakes all the preparations.
• I would like to（thank all of you） (感谢各位)for your interest and efforts in helping us to make this conference possible.
• （My special thanks）(特别感谢)go to those who have traveled great distances and taken valuable time from their very busy schedules to attend the conference.

5.Background

• Three years ago, at the 7th International Conference on Linguistics Studies, I suggested that an international symposium on learning strategies（be held）(举办) Dr. Gu and Dr. Cohen agreed. We are now very glad to have the opportunity of holding the 8th international conference in Nanjing.
• The International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology（was founded）(成立)in Hong Kong in 1972. It has undertaken 20 congresses in many countries of the world in over 30 years.
• The decision to plan this meeting（resulted from）(缘起于)a growing awareness that the clinical problems associated with this disease are increasing in number and complexity, that our understanding of the basic mechanisms is deficient, and that our current therapy of this disease and its complications should be critically evaluated.

6.Features of the conference

• There are more than 30 interesting symposia,（covering a wide range of branches）(广泛涵盖此学科的各个分支)of zoology such as evolution and systematics, ecology, conservation biology, reproductive biology, diseases, ethics and philosophy. Some symposia will present（recent advances）（最新进展)of zoology, using modern molecular and biological techniques, some will present new discoveries and applications of traditional zoology, and others will discuss philosophy and ethics of zoology.
• This is the first conference in this field in which （such a varied group has assembled）（各类专家齐集), including sociologists, psychologists, clinicians, nurses, architects, and even system engineers. Many of these investigators have made important, （collaborative contributions）（合作贡献)to this particular field of our common interest at the experimental and conceptual levels.

7.Purposes of the conference

• The purpose of this conference is to make a general review of our activities during this past year, and to propose new plans for activities during the coming year.
• This conference was designed to integrate the recent progress made by the various biological and medical disciplines in the rapidly expanding field of gene therapy. By bringing together investigators ranging in their interests from molecular biology to pharmacy, we have attempted to present a fairly comprehensive coverage.
• The Pacific Telecommunications Council aims to promote the development, understanding and beneficial use of telecommunications throughout the entire Pacific Hemisphere.

8.Conference programs

• The symposium includes a total of 70 papers for presentation at four sessions every half day. （Ample time）（充足的时间)has been allowed for informal discussion. Among the （highlights）（亮点) in the program are tutorial lectures on non-sinosocial functions, which will be given by EMC engineers.
• The meeting will tackle the key questions of assessing quality, effectiveness, and appropriateness of not only medical devices, equipment, and pharmaceutics, but all procedures and processes for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, as well as assessments in the public health context.

9.Good wishes

• We expect that this conference will offer an opportunity for all participants to form personal ties and above all, to exchange results, ideas and projects, from which progress will derive.
• I believe, by way of this conference, the relationship between us will be strengthened and we will innovate more beneficial solutions through the use of artificial intelligence technologies.
• To finish, three days is all too short, but the effect is ever-lasting. I wish all the participants a great visit and success for the future.

3.Introducing speakers

Main points

• How to make preparation for speaker introduction how to prepare for speaker introduction
• Contents of speaker introduction Contents of speaker introduction
• Do's and don'ts in a speaker introduction Do's and don'ts in a speaker introduction
• What to do after the introduction What to do after the introduction
• Language: useful expressions Language: useful expressions

Knowledge points

1.Purposes of an introduction

• to gain the audience’s attention
• Members of the audience arrive individually and need to organized as a group.
• The audience may have just come from listening to another speaker on a totally different topic and are still mulling over the ideas.
• They may be in the middle of an interesting conversation with a friend.
• They may be thinking about modifying their own speech scheduled for later in the day.
• to motivate the audience to listen

2.A good introduction should answer 3 questions

• why this speaker
• on this subject
• to this audience

A little humor is permitted, but an introduction should never denigrate the speaker, even in fun. The idea is to build the speaker up in the audience’s mind.

3.What to prepare

• Ask the speaker what they’d like you to say.
• Find out what subject the speaker will cover.
• Look up biographical information on the speaker.
• Avoid using sensitive or embarrassing information without approval.
• Find other speeches the speaker has given.
• Include a surprising detail if it fits in your intro.
• Check the pronouncation of the speaker’s name (in particular, if it is a name unfamiliar to you or the audience).
• Check for any special titles the speaker has.

4.Procedure (possible sorting questions)

• Introduce yourself when you begin
• Show enthusiasm while speaking
• Speak loudly and clearly
• Lead the applause
• Orient yourself towards the speakers as they approach
• Shake the speaker’s hand

5.Other details

• Help the speakers handle the facilities if they have problems
• Adhere closely to time requirements that have been established
• Thank to the speakers before you invite questions for him or invite the next speaker
• Should never fiddle, talk or look around the hall

6.Some do’s and don’ts while introducing speakers

• Don’t make the remarks too effusive or hyperbolic
• The introduction should not last longer than three minutes or some two hundred words
• Introduce the speakers in a comfortable and professional manner

4.Keynote speech

Main points

• The definition of keynote speech The definition of keynote speech
• The definition of keynote Speaker The definition of keynote speaker
• The presentation skills presentation skills
• Preparation before a keynote speech preparation before a keynote speech
• The approaches to opening/ending a speech The approaches to opening/ending a speech
• The structure of a keynote speech/presentation The structure of a keynote speech/presentation
• The elements in different parts (beginning, body and ending) of a speech The elements in different parts (beginning, body and ending) of a speech
• Language: useful expressions and tips Language: useful expressions and tips

Knowledge points

1.Definition of a Keynote Speech

• the principal theme in a speech or literary work
• Also Keynote Address

2.Preparation Before a Keynote Speech

• WHY you are giving a keynote speech (the purpose)
• WHO you are writing your speech for (the audience)
• WHAT your speech is going to be about (its topic, main points)
• HOW long your speech is going to be (its length)

3.Basic Speech Construction

• The keynote speech must have a structure or a speech outline that plots out the main points and effectively divides the main points into subtopics.
• Three major elements in a presentation
  • Tell the audience what you’re going to tell them (Introduction)
  • Tell them (Body of your speech - the main ideas plus examples)
  • Tell them what you’ve told them (Conclusion)

4.Beginning and Ending of the Speech

• Beginning of the Speech
  • greeting and attention getter
  • thesis statement (a summary of what your speech is about)
  • an overview of the speech
• Ending of the Speech
  • summary of main points
  • solicitation of comments

5.Approaches to Opening a Speech

• Beginning by Straightforwardness：To come straight to the point without any roundabout statement
• Beginning by Appreciation：To express thanks to the chairperson and greet the participants of the same professional field
• Beginning by Wit and Humor：Humor relaxes both speakers and listeners、It can establish a link between the speaker and the audience.
• Beginning by Impromptu and Occasional References：To produce an extemporaneous opening according to the context

6.Approaches to ending a Speech

• Ending with a direct wind-up：To end the speech directly with a short and brief conclusive statement
• Ending with a brief summary：To summarize and review the main ideas that have been presented、A summary conclusion allows the speaker one more chance to set his/her claims in the audience’s minds.
• Ending with solicitation of comments：To solicit comments or opinions from the audience

7.Organization of the Body of the Speech：

• introduction
• body
  • The longest and most important part
  • Two to five main points along with supporting examples
  • Select them carefully Phrase them precisely Arrange them strategically
• conclusion

8.Strategic Order of Main Points：The most effective order depends on three things:your topic, your purpose, and your audience

• Chronological Order
  • Speeches arranged chronologically follow a time pattern. They may narrate a series of events, explain a process or demonstrate how to do something.
• Spatial Order
  • Speeches arranged in spatial order follow a directional pattern, i.e. the main points proceed from top to bottom, left to right, east to west, or some other route
• Causal Order
  • You can deal first with the effects and then with the causes.
• Problem-Solution Order
  • Speeches arranged in problemsolution order are divided into two main parts—the existence and seriousness of a problem and a workable solution to the problem.
• Topical Order
  • The speech topic is divided into subtopics, each of which becomes a main point in the speech

5.Q & A

Main points

• The time for the Q & A Session
• Announcing the Q & A Session Announcing the Q & A Session
• Timing the Q & A Session Scheduling the time for the Q&A session
• Possible question types Possible question types
• Tips for answering questions Tips for answering questions
• Language: useful expressions useful expressions

Knowledge points

1.Kinds of questions

• to further elaborate on the particular concept/theory you have given in the speech.
• to repeat the point they fail to understand.
• to follow up another listener’s question.
• to give the audience some suggestions on their professional development.
• to debate on some points/issues in your speech.
• any questions relevant to the topic.

2.When is Q & A session held at a conference?

• It starts the moment the keynote speaker finishes his or her speech.
• If there are several keynote speakers, it’s very likely that the Q & A session happens after all the speeches are over.

3.Who announces the time for the Q & A session?

• The chairperson/host
• The keynote speaker himself or herself.

Both should tell audience the rules and time limit for this session.

4.Some Dos and Don’ts for the speaker

• Set a tone and encourage questions by leaning or stepping forward and raising your own hand to model behavior.
• Listen to and look at the questioner, but also answer to the entire audience
• Use the question to further your Point of View.
• Be brief and cooperative.
• Include a final closing after your Q&A session.

5.Some Dos and Don’ts for the audience

• Do not raise a question without permission or without a microphone.
• Do not speak, both speaker and listener, until the whole audiences are quiet.
• Do introduce yourself, but do not introduce yourself too much.
• Do not ask more than two questions at one time. Leave opportunities to others.
• Do not forget to say “Thank you” at the end of your speech.

6.Complete the following transcript of the Q&A period at the conference titled “Ergonomics: Effective Workplace Practices and Programs”

Dr. Brian Peacock is the moderator as well as a speaker, and Dr. Bill Marras is a speaker.)

Dr. Peacock: (1)（Now,I think we have just a few minutes for any questions that anyone might have.
Who would like to lead off?Okay,we have one.Go ahead. ）（Now,I think we have just a few minutes for any questions that anyone might have. Who would like to lead off?Okay,we have one.Go ahead. If so, you can bring it up, I think we only have a few minutes for questions. Who starts first? Okay, we have a questioner, please.)

Questionerl:(2)（I have one question and it is for Dr.Marras）(I have a question for Dr. Bill Marras).
(3)（I enjoyed your presentation）(I enjoyed your speech)and the multimedia associated with it.
(4)（My question is）(My question is)the problems that I've seen in the warehouse industry have a lot to do
with timing issues and time standards.

And(5)（I was wondering whether or not you）(我想知道你是不是)had addressed that portion of the research.
Dr.Marras:We have considered that a constant in this.I know what you’re talking about.A lot of times these people are really pushed by performance standards.We observed that warehouse work people at 125 boxes per hour.We did not look at this as a variable in this initial study.
Questioner I:Well,I see.Thank you.

Questioner 2:Question for you,Brian.
(6)（My name is Ed Fredericks.I’m an industrial hygienist with Michigan OSHA.）(我叫 Ed Fredericks,是 Michigan OSHA 的 industrial hygienist.)The corporate-wide settlement between GM,UAW and OSHA is winding down,and I know from our experience,we see plants that have very well and then plants that
have not done so well.Are you a part of or are you aware of any type of report card kind of thing that GM,UAW or OSHA will be producing as the agreement wears down?

Dr.Peacock:(7)（Sorry,I cannot address that question.）(对不起，我不能回答这个问题)'m not of that joint activity.I exist in the engineering function which deals mainly with proactive design,and you’re referring to a joint UAW-GM-OSHA reactive program.At the moment,the discussion of its continuance or the report card is up in the air.So I’m afraid I can’t answer that question.
Questioner 2:Okay.Thank you anyway.

Questioner 3:I’m Monica Steele from Abbott Laboratories,and (8)（This question is for anyone）(这个问题谁来回答都可以)I’m wondering if there is one tool that you would give a mechanical design engineer,be it one of the NIOSH models or a bio-mechanical model.Which it might be that you would have the most confidence in?Not only the results,but given the fact that these engineers may not be trained in ergonomics and may not use it properly.
(9)（In other words）,(换句话说)which tool is most likely for them to not make a drastic error and to come out with some reasonable results?Or do you think I ought to stand firm on some numbers that I have from my analysis?

Dr.Marras:Wel,(10)（I guess the question is）(我想，你的问题是)how important it is to be 100 percent right?What I would recommend is to base it on the very simple concept of moments.If it’s too far away and you can’t handle so much weight.If it’s too high that you can’t handle too much weight.If it’s low
enough that you can handle so much weight.And that’s probably the simplest and easiest thing to do.Keep it simple.
Questioner 3:Keep it simple.Okay.Thank you.
Dr.Peacock:(11)（One answer to that question is）(这个问题的一种回答是)that we’re forever asking questions of that nature,and the approach that we use is consensus of experts to come up with the number.
(12)（Okay,well,thank you all for your attention and your time.I appreciate it very much.I’m sorry to say that this session will have to stop here.Thank you for your illuminating questions. I would be very glad to discuss them with you after the meeting）
(好吧，谢谢大家花时间来关注这次会议。我非常感激。我很遗憾地宣布提问只能到此结束。谢谢你们提出这么富有启发性的问题，我很乐意在会后和大家继续探讨。)

6.Closing speech

Main points

• Functions of a closing speech Functions of a closing speech
• Elements of a closing speech Elements of a closing speech
• Similarity and difference between an opening speech and a closing speech Similarity and difference between an opening speech and a closing speech
• Linguistic features of a closing speech Linguistic features of a closing speech
• Language: useful expressions Language: useful expressions

Knowledge points

1.make a comparison between an opening speech and a closing speech

• Purpose
  • an Opening Speech：to mark the opening
  • a Closing Speech：to mark the closing
• Elements
  • an Opening Speech：background、introduction、theme、agenda、good wishes
  • a Closing Speech：appreciation、summary、evaluation、expectation、invitation、closing

2.Things to Be Done

• thanking all related persons and organizations;
• commenting on the contributions of the conference;
• noticing the arrangement for next conference;
• declaring the conference closed.

Ladies and gentlemen,

（purpose of the speech）
I am now, on behalf of the organizing committee, to give the closing speech.

（review and evaluation）
I believe that our Conference is a great success. It went smoothly as scheduled. In these five days the
Conference has covered so many important and complex problems in the field of XYZ both theoretical and practical. All the presentations were very illuminating and informative. And the heated panel discussions were stimulating and fruitful. Now with great joy and a reluctant mind to part, we get together again to declare that the Conference has drawn to a successful close.

（significance and expectation）
It is our hope that the result of the Conference will carry the study of XYZ to a new stage. We all hope
to maintain close contact and cooperation with each other in the field of future research work on XYZ.

（appreciation）
As the organizer of the Conference, I would like to express our sincere thanks to the members of the
International Committee, the members of the organizing Committee, and the authorities of Nanjing University and Jiangsu Province for all their support and contributions to this successful Conference. Thanks are also extended to all the participants who came from over 30 countries and regions. Thank you for your attention to all our sessions and thank you for your stimulating questions.

（announcement）
Now, the Conference is closed. Let’s meet again in London in 2018. Thank you.

4.Complete the following closing remark.

Mr.Chairman,honored guests,

We are coming to the end of a very fruitful congress.I am grateful to our hosts and the authorities of the university, for their superb organization and for providing these magnificent facilities. My thanks also go to all the hardworking and dedicated staff, for making these meetings possible. And I would also like to thank Professor John Smith for his able chairmanship.

The congress started officially yesterday and was supported by the presence of political,governmental,and academic members who stressed the importance of logistics and their implementation challenges in a global environment.

Several interesting aspects of logistics practices were(作讲演)（presented by） keynote speakers at the plenary sessions.

The presentations of papers took place in three parallel sessions(涉及范围为)（covering） eight topics in logistics.Although there were a large number of papers and time pressure,the audience(出席参与)（attended and participated） with great interest in learning the results of research of the scientists and business experts.Questions and discussions followed and triggered ideas for future research and
applications,whereas the(交流)（exchanges）of opinions and the(结识)（acquaintance） of the participants have formed the basis for future cooperation between them.

In closing,Mr.Chairman,allow me to thank all the participants for enriching these meetings with their presence and their views.I (盼望)（look forward to）making progress on all of the issues we discussed at our meetings next year in New York City under the chairmanship of Professor Henry Levin.

Thank you!

The IC part has not been summarized due to time reasons.

unfamiliar words

posture recap: recapitulate restate: restate terminology: term obscure: vague
terms: term Vague: vague diagrams: diagram brevity: concise profound: profound
clarity: clarity of thought tempo: speed ramble: chat visualize: imagine getter : gainer
lexical : lexical bullets : key points relevancy : relevance verbal : verbal gesture : gesture
consistent : consistent throughout : elaborated : detailed illustration irrelevant : irrelevant
overcrowded : overcrowded concise : concise supplement : supplement complement: complement
replication: replication guidelines: guidelines startingling: amazing statistics: statistics quotation: quote
hypothetical: hypothetical

---

components: make up grander: larger prelude: prelude allure: attract objectives: goals

---

mulling: consider permitted: permit deny: denigrate hone: hone relay: convey credibility: credibility
biographical: biographical recite: recite inaudible: inaudible facilities: adhere: comply
fiddle: fiddle with remark: comment effusive: enthusiasm hyperbolic: hyperbole

---

assembly: rally arouse: arouse solicitation: solicit straightforwardness: straightforward wit: wit
Impromptu: impromptu wind-up: end phrase: express chronological: in chronological order spatial: spatial
cause: cause and effect surrounding: rotating: rotating convince: persuasive: enough

---

elaborate: elaborate debate: discuss relevant: relevant entire: all cooperative: cooperative
deferring: postpone

---

evaluation: evaluation gratitude: gratitude agenda: agenda announcement: announcement

---

interactive: interactive transcultural: cross-cultural specialists: experts parenthetical: additional, bracketed
comprehensive: comprehensive exploded diagrams: exploded diagrams cutaways: sectional diagrams cluttered: confusing
prominent: conspicuous

---

Intrapersonal: inner Interpersonal: hierarchical: hierarchical mass: mass
horizontal: horizontal lateral: horizontal diagonal: diagonal salutation: address competency: ability
recipient: recipient etiquette: etiquette punctuation: punctuation layout: the frozen style:
the consultative style: the consultative style: the intimate style: neutral neutral convey: convey
courteous: polite abbreviations: abbreviation promptly: quickly coherence: coherence spam: spam
uppercase: capital letters hostile: hostile proofread: proofreading include: ending odd: strange
misinterpretation: misinterpretation refrain: avoid

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memorandum: memorandum medium: medium, medium facilitate: promote permanent: permanent track: track
subordinate: subordinate superior: superior disciplinary: disciplinary violent: breach breach: breachvague:
vague desired: desire complementary: praise directive: instruction alignment: alignment
prescribed: prescribed

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Curriculum vitae (CV): Fellowship: Scholarship qualifications: Qualifications imperative: Required degrees: Dissertation:
Thesis supervision: Supervisory certifications: Candidates: Candidate consistency: Consistency
Parallel: Parallel Narrative: Boastful: Boastful fancy :fancy nouns: nounpertain: suitable

writing

1.Suppose you are James. Judith Kroll is your new teacher who will take your class from the 3rd week. Please send an e-mail to let her know the time (9:30-11:30), date of her first class (21st, December) and the classroom (Room 306, Jizhong Building).

---

Subject: Introduction and First Class Information

Dear Ms. Kroll,

I hope this email finds you well. My name is James and I am one of the students in your upcoming class. I am looking forward to having you as our new teacher and I am excited to learn from you.

I wanted to provide you with some important information regarding your first class. The class will take place on the 21st of December, which is the third week of the semester. The class will begin at 9:30am and end at 11:30am. Our classroom is located in Room 306 of the Jizhong Building.

If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to reach out to me. Once again, I am looking forward to meeting you and learning from your expertise.

Thank you for your time and have a great day.

Best regards,

James

2.Directio:Please read the following Suppse youa Bob and write an email to Tasha Williams,stating your case.

Bob Ward,an account manager at HomeCare Health.Equipment,has not received the raise that he thinks he deserves.When Bob met with his boss,Tasha Williams,last Thursday for his annual evaluation,she told him that he had missed too many days of work (eight days during the year).He was unwilling to work beyond his’40-hour work week to complete rush jobs,and had not attended two mandatory training sessions on the company’s new computerized inventory system.Bob agrees that he missed the training sessions,but he was out of town on a job-related assignment for one of those sessions.He missed eight days of work,but he was allowed five days of sick leave as part of his contract.The other three days missed were due to his having to stay home to take care of his children when they were sick.He believed that these absences were covered by the company’s parental leave policy.Finally,he does not agree that employees should be required to work beyond their contractual 40 hours.

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Subject: Concerns About Annual Evaluation

Dear Tasha,

I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to address some concerns I have about my annual evaluation that we discussed last Thursday. I appreciate your feedback, but I believe that there were some factors that you did not consider.

First, I understand that I missed two mandatory training sessions on the company’s new computerized inventory system. However, I was out of town on a job-related assignment during one of those sessions. I did attend the other mandatory training session, which I believe is a sign of my commitment to improving my skills and staying up-to-date with the latest technology.

Secondly, I agree that I missed eight days of work during the year. However, I was allowed five days of sick leave as part of my contract. The other three days were due to my having to stay home to take care of my children when they were sick. I believed that these absences were covered by the company’s parental leave policy.

Lastly, I do not agree that employees should be required to work beyond their contractual 40 hours. I am always willing to put in extra time and effort to complete rush jobs, but I also believe that it is important to maintain a healthy work-life balance.

Overall, I believe that I have made valuable contributions to HomeCare Health Equipment and that I deserve a raise. I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss this further with you.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Sincerely,

Bob Ward

3.Direction:This is a part of "work experience"of a resume.Please rewrite it for the resume to be more convincing and impressive.

McConnel Oil Change,Beauxdroit,LA

• Trained employees
• Cut expenses
• Exceeded sales expectations
• Developed a user manual

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McConnel Oil Change, Beauxdroit, LA

• Successfully trained and mentored employees to achieve optimal performance, resulting in increased efficiency and productivity.
• Spearheaded cost-cutting initiatives that led to significant reductions in expenses while maintaining a high standard of quality service.
• Exceeded sales targets and consistently achieved revenue growth through innovative marketing strategies and exceptional customer service.
• Developed a comprehensive user manual that streamlined processes and improved the overall customer experience.

Note: The above answers in writing are all from ChatGPT. They are not standard answers and are for reference only.