Atom is an ultra-low voltage processor series from Intel

Atom

Atom is an ultra-low-voltage processor series from Intel . The first-generation product is manufactured using a 45-nanometer process and integrates 47 million transistors. Unlike ordinary desktop processors, Atom processors adopt a sequential execution design, which can reduce the number of transistors.

Intel Atom

Atom’s logo in 2020
Commercialized	2008-present
manufacturer	Intel
microarchitecture	Bonnell
Instruction set architecture	x86, x86-64, SSE1, SSE2, SSE3, VT-x
Manufacturing process/process	45nm to 14nm
Number of cores	1, 2, 4 (consumer) 1 to 16 (server)
CPU frequency range	800 MHz to 2.56 GHz
front side bus speed	400 MT/s to 667 MT/s
encapsulation	441-ball µFCBGA
Core code name	Silverthorne - for MID platforms Diamondville - for desktop or laptop platforms Clover Trail - for tablet platforms Medfield - for smartphone platforms Clover Trail+ - for tablet and smartphone platforms Bay Trail - for smartphones, tablets, PCs, desktop platforms Braswell embedded platform (Atom series only) Cherry Trail - for smartphone and tablet platforms Apollo Lake

Intel stated that it had planned to develop related processors as early as 1995. The purpose at that time was to use the P5 Pentium architecture to develop low-power processors; in the end, because executives did not like this proposal, the development plan was stillborn. It wasn't until 2008 that Intel developed Atom using the Intel Bonnell microprocessor architecture.

On April 29, 2016, Intel announced its decision to cancel the Broxton SoC for smartphones. Broxton uses the newer Atom microarchitecture (Goldmont puts it into the 14nm node) combined with an Intel modem. Apollo Lake announced that the low-cost PC announced earlier that month would continue to use Atom cores.

Product Series

Initially, there were 6 models in the Atom processor series, all of which belonged to the Z500 series. They are Z500, Z510, Z520, Z530, Z540 and Z550. The lowest-end Z500 core frequency is 800MHz, and the FSB is 400MHz. The highest-speed Z550 has a core frequency of 2.0GHz and an FSB of 533MHz. Starting from the Z520, all processors support hyper-threading technology, but only increase power consumption by less than 10%. The dual-core version is the N series and still uses the 945GC chipset. The dual-core version will still support hyper-threading technology, so the system will show four logical processors. The two cores of this version do not use native design, but simply encapsulate two single cores.

Intel Atom Series

Mobile Devices/  Ultra Mobile Computers  /Small Notebooks
logo	code name	series	core	Built-in  GPU	GPU speed	TDP	HT	Intel 64	X86 virtualization	release date
	Silverthorne	Z5xx	Single core (45nm)	Yes	200 MHz	0.65~2 W	No	No	No	April 2008
						2~2.4 W	Yes		Some
	Lincroft	Z6xx	Single core (45nm)	Yes	400 MHz	1.3~3 W	Yes	No	No	May 2010
Educational computers/notebooks/  netbooks  /small laptops
logo	code name	series	core	Built-in  GPU	GPU speed	TDP	HT	Intel 64	X86 virtualization	release date
	Diamondville	N2xx	Single core (45nm)	No	n/a	2.5 W	Yes	No	No	June 2008
		2xx				4 W		Yes (if enabled)
		3xx	Dual core (45nm)			8 W				September 2008
	Pineview	N4xx	单核心 (45nm)	Yes	200 MHz	6.5 W	Yes	Yes (if enabled)		January 2010
		D4xx			400 MHz	10 W
		N5xx	双核心 (45nm)		200 MHz	8.5 W
		D5xx			400 MHz	13 W
	Cedarview	D2500	双核心 (32nm)	Yes	400 MHz	10 W	No	Yes (if enabled)		November 2011
		D2550			640 MHz		Yes			March 2012
		D2700			640 MHz					November 2011
		N2600			400 MHz	3.5 W				December 2011
		N2800			640 MHz	6.5 W
伺服器 / 云端储存器
标志	代号	系列	核心	基本 CPU速度	最高 CPU速度	TDP	HT	SATA接口	LAN接口	发布日期
(含內建GPU, Intel 64 X86虛擬化)	Centerton	S1220	双核心 (32nm)	1.60 GHz		8.1 W	No			December 2012
		S1240		1.60 GHz		6.1 W
		S1260		2.00 GHz		8.6 W
	Briarwood	S1269		1.60 GHz		11.7 W
		S1279		1.60 GHz		13.1 W
		S1289		2.00 GHz		14.1 W
	Avoton	C2350	双核心 (22nm)	1.70 GHz	2.00 GHz	6 W	No	2	4	September 2013
		C2530	四核心 (22nm)	1.70 GHz	2.40 GHz	9 W		2	2
		C2550		2.40 GHz	2.60 GHz	14 W		6	4
		C2730	十核心 (22nm)	1.70 GHz	2.40 GHz	12 W		2	2
		C2750		2.40 GHz	2.60 GHz	20 W		6	4

晶片組

英特爾

Poulsbo 945GSE和Atom

晶片組方面，Intel另外研製了代號為Poulsbo的晶片組。它有三個型號，主要的分別是功能的縮減。它是南北橋整合的單一晶片組，可以提供兩條PCI-E x1接口，一個ATA硬碟接口，和三個SDIO插口。系統記憶體控制器方面，支援DDR2-533，最高的容量是1GB。顯示核心方面，支援DirectX 9和OpenGL，亦可以硬體解碼高清影片。Imagination公司表示，該顯示核心採用了其PowerVR相關技術。另外，如果願意接受較高的耗電量，那么可以使用經修改的945GC晶片組支援代號為Diamondville的Atom處理器，針對桌面和笔记本電腦平台採用Poulsbo晶片組的平台，曾經被稱為「Centrino Atom」，後因少廠商使用，所以棄用。Centrino Atom原先是針對MID平台，卻用上針對筆記本平台的Centrino。為免產生混亂，Intel最後統一以Atom稱呼。

其他

在2008年12月，NVIDIA發佈了ION平台，用自家的晶片組去配搭Atom處理器，前者集成了GeForce 9400M顯示核心。在此之前，有消息傳出NVIDIA終止了與VIA的合作。原先NVIDIA表示會發佈晶片組，去支持VIA Isaiah處理器。目前，Intel未明確表示廠商可以利用NVIDIA的晶片組，去配合Atom處理器去銷售。現時，廠商購買Atom處理器的話，依然要連Intel的自家晶片組一起購買。NVIDIA發佈產品的目的，是希望可以聯合廠商向Intel施壓，開放Atom平台。產品功耗方面，NVIDIA的MCP79晶片組達到了14W，比Intel 945GSE的5.5W高。12月24日，Intel向廠商發出通知，不會讓ATOM平台使用第三方晶晶片組。Intel在接受訪問時，亦強調無意與NVIDIA合作組建新平台。12月6日，Intel回答媒體查詢時，卻強調廠商可以獨立購買Atom處理器。NVIDIA亦不需要另外取得授權製造與Atom處理器相容的晶片組。同時，Intel沒有保證獨立Atom處理器可以正常供貨。Intel稱NVIDIA的晶片組功耗比較高，所以廠商才會選擇Intel的方案。

處理器列表

型號	時脈	FSB	Level 2 Cache	HT對應	64bit對應	VT對應	EIST對應	TDP（HT）	採用產品
D525	1.8 GHz x2 (※雙核心)	800MHz	1MB	○	○	×	×	13W	-
D510	1.66 GHz x2 (※雙核心)	533MHz	1MB	○	○	×	×	13W	-
D425	1.8 GHz	533MHz	1MB	○	○	×	×	10W	-
D410	1.66 GHz	533MHz	512KB	○	○	×	×	10W	-
Z550	2.0 GHz	533MHz	512KB	○	×	○	○	2.4W（2.64W）	-
Z540	1.86 GHz	533MHz	512KB	○	×	○	○	2.4W（2.64W）	-
Z530	1.6 GHz	533MHz	512KB	○	×	○	○	2W（2.2W）	-
Z520	1.33 GHz	533MHz	512KB	○	×	○	○	2W（2.2W）	-
Z520PT	1.33 GHz	533MHz	512KB	○	×	×		2.2w	-
Z515	BPT:1.2GHz HFM:800MHz	400MHz	512KB	○	×	×	○	BPT:1.4W HFM:0.65W	-
Z510	1.1 GHz	400MHz	512KB	×	×	×	○	2.2w	-
Z510PT	1.1 GHz	400MHz	512KB	○	×	×		2.2w	-
Z500	800 MHz	400MHz	512KB	×	×	×	○	0.65W	-
N570	1.66 GHz x2 (※雙核心)	667MHz	1MB	○	○	×	○	8.5W	-
N550	1.5 GHz (※雙核心)	667MHz	1MB	○	○	×	○	8.5W	-
N475	1.83 GHz	667MHz	512KB	○	○	×	○	6.5W	-
N470	1.83 GHz	667MHz	512KB	○	○	×	○	6.5W	-
N455	1.66 GHz	667MHz	512KB	○	○	×	○	6.5W	LENOVO S10-3C
N450	1.66 GHz	667MHz	512KB	○	○	×	○	5.5W	-
N280	1.66 GHz	667MHz	512KB	○	×	×	○	2.5W	HP Mini book 311 1007Tu
N2800	1.86 GHz	2.5 GT/s (DMI)	1MB	○	○	×	○	6.5W	-
N270	1.6 GHz	533MHz	512KB	○	×	×	○	2.5W	ASUS ET-2001B、ASUS 1001HA
N2800	1.86 GHz	2.5 GT/s (DMI)	1MB	○	○	×	○	6.5W	-
330	1.6 GHz x2 (※雙核心)	533MHz	512KB	○	○	×	×	8W	-
230	1.6 GHz	533MHz	512KB	○	○	×	×	4W	-
Z2760	1.8 GHz x2 (※雙核心)	533MHz	1MB	○	×	×	×	-	-
Z3560	1.8 GHz x4	-	2MB	×	○	○	○	-	ASUS ZenFone 2
Z3580	2.3 GHz x4	-	2MB	×	○	○	○	-	ASUS ZenFone 2、ASUS ZenPad S 8.0、ASUS ZenFone Zoom(64G ROM )
Z3590	2.5Ghz x4	-	2MB	×	○	○	○	-	ASUS ZenFone Zoom(128G ROM )
Z3735	1.83Ghz x4	-	2MB	×	○	○	○	-
Z3775	2.39Ghz x4	-	2MB	×	○	○	○	-	ASUS T100T
X3	-	-	-	-	○	○	○	-
X5 Z8300	1.84 Ghz x4	-	2MB	-	○	-	-	-	Lenovo IdeaPad Miix 310
X5 Z8500	2.24 Ghz x4	-	2MB	-	○	-	-	-
X7 Z8700	2.40 Ghz x4	-	2MB	-	○	-	-	-	Surface 3、Acer Predator 8 GT-810

• 英特尔凌动处理器列表（页面存档备份，存于）
• 英特尔智能手机及平板专用凌动处理器列表（页面存档备份，存于）

參考

1. ^  Ian Cutress. . AnandTech. 29 April 2016 [2016-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-30）.
2. ^  Anton Shilov. . AnandTech. 15 April 2016 [2016-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-04）.
3. ^  . [2008-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2008-06-05）.
4. ^  . [2008-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2009-05-03）.
5. ^  . [2008-09-12]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-23）.
6. ^  .
7. ^  . [2008-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2008-06-05）.
8. ^  . [2008-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2008-06-05）.
9. ^  . [2008-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2008-05-21）.
10. ^  . [2008-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2008-05-31）.
11. ^  . [2008-08-15]. （原始内容存档于2008-08-19）.
12. ^  . [2008-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-21）.
13. ^  . [2008-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-19）.
14. ^  . [2008-12-25]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-25）. 外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)
15. ^  . [2008-12-26]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-29）.

外部連結

• Intel Atom 處理器（页面存档备份，存于）
• Intel® Atom™ Processor（页面存档备份，存于）
• 完成统一霸业! 凌动处理器性能全解析（页面存档备份，存于）

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