1. Understanding microservices:
First of all, microservice architecture is not equal to Spring Cloud. Microservice architecture is a distributed architecture solution with good architectural design . It builds applications into a series of small autonomous services that are divided into modules according to business areas, and solves the problems of service splitting. Various problems arise !
1.1 Monolithic architecture:
The monolithic architecture concentrates all the common aspects of the business in one project and deploys them as a package, as shown in the following figure:
- Advantages: simple architecture and low deployment cost
- Disadvantages: high degree of coupling, difficult maintenance, and difficult upgrades
1.2 Distributed architecture
The system is split according to business functions, and each business function module is developed as an independent project and is called a service .
- Advantages: low coupling, conducive to service upgrade and expansion
- Disadvantages: The service calling relationship is complicated
1.3 Thinking about distributed issues
Although the distributed architecture reduces service coupling, there are still many issues to consider when splitting services:
- How to define service split granularity
- How to maintain service cluster address
- How to implement remote calls between services
- How the health of the service is perceived
1.4 Characteristics of microservice architecture
Microservice is a distributed architecture solution with good architectural design . The characteristics of microservice architecture are:
- Single responsibility : Microservices are split into smaller granularities. Each service corresponds to a unique business capability, achieving a single responsibility and avoiding duplication of business development.
- Service-oriented : The service provides a unified and standard interface (exposed business interface to the outside world), independent of language and technology
- Autonomy: independent team, independent technology, independent data, independent deployment and delivery
- Strong isolation : Service calls must be isolated, fault-tolerant, and downgraded to avoid cascading problems.
The above characteristics of microservices are actually setting a standard for distributed architecture , further reducing the coupling between services and providing service independence and flexibility. Achieve high cohesion and low coupling .
Therefore, it can be considered that microservices are a distributed architecture solution with good architectural design. Among them, the most eye-catching one in the Java field is the solution provided by Spring Cloud .
2. Microservice technology stack
SpringCloud is currently the most widely used microservice framework in China. SpringCloud is currently the most widely used microservice framework in China.
Common components include:
The technologies that need to be learned for microservices are just as shown below:
Microservice knowledge content
Microservice technology stack
Automated deployment technology
Microservice technology comparison:
