Basic use of Python Appium Android automated testing-Phone Spider

Basic use of Python Appium Android automated testing

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Preface

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1. Environment installation

1.1 Python Pip installation module

pip install Appium-Python-Client -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

1.2 Sdk, Jdk, Appium-desktop network disk download

Link: https://pan.baidu.com/s/19C9fGmoXne8DgfXhrTB2TQ

Extraction code: kgwb

1.3 Reference documentation

https://www.byhy.net/tut/auto/appium/01/

2. Android Sdk uiautomateviewer analysis & positioning App interface elements

2.1 Startup steps

Find tools/bin/uiautomatorviewer.bat in the SDK directory and double-click to run;

2.2 Frequently Asked Questions

Error while obtaining UI hierarchy XML file: com.android.ddmlib.SyncException: Remote object doesn't exist!

2.2.1 Solution 1:

Usually it conflicts with Appium Desktop Appium. Just close Appium Desktop Appium and get the app interface again;

2.2.2 Solution 2:

Run the command panel:
After running adb reconnect, click Connect again.

2.3 resource-id attribute analysis is often used for element positioning

resource-id=tv.danmaku.bili:id/search_src_text, you can use search_src_text to locate the element ID, or you can write full ( tv.danmaku.bili:id/search_src_text) positioning;

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver.find_element_by_id('search_src_text')
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'search_src_text')

2.4 bounds attribute analysis can be used for element positioning

bounds = [175,88][887,171], indicating the width and height of the upper left corner of an element and the width and height boundary pixel positions of the lower right corner of an element;

2.5 text attribute analysis can be used for text judgment

text=appium, the content inside the component;

2.6 content-desc attribute analysis text describing the function of the component

Elements can be positioned based on text

from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy
driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('搜索查询')
driver.find_element(AppiumBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, '搜索查询')

2.7 xpath element positioning

For specific operation introduction, please view in Part 3, Appium Desktop Appium;

2.8 UiSelector element positioning, multi-condition positioning

Refer to the official Google Android documentation here: https://developer.android.google.cn/training/testing/ui-automator

UiSelector commonly used element selection methods

• text("search query"), you can find element positioning based on the element's text attribute
• textContains("python"), positioning based on what strings the text contains
• textmartch(), you can use regular expressions to locate
• className("android.widget.TextView"), positioned based on component name
• resourceId("tv.danmaku.bili:id/search_src_text"), positioned based on component ID
• index(1), positioning based on the position subscript in the parent element, the subscript starts from 1, similar to *[n] in xpath;
• instance(0), the value is determined based on the subscript in the positioned element result, and the subscript is calculated from 0;
• childSelector(new UiSelector().className("android.widget.TextView")), continue to locate child elements in the positioned element;

from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy
code = 'new UiSelector().text("搜索查询").className("android.widget.TextView").resourceId("tv.danmaku.bili:id/search_src_text")'
result = driver.find_element(AppiumBy.ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR, code)
childSelectorCode = 'new UiSelector().resourceId("tv.danmaku.bili:id/search_src_text").childSelector(new UiSelector().className("android.widget.TextView"))'
result = driver.find_elements_by_uiautomator(childSelectorCode);

注意上边的code变量，里面写的是Java代码，Java代码只能使用双引号，所以在编写的时候多多注意；

3. Appium Desktop Appium analyzes & locates App interface elements

3.1 Startup steps

1. Open Appium, click Start Server, start the program, click the magnifying glass in the upper right corner

2. Add configuration

# python代码需要使用到的配置
desired_caps = {
    
    
  'platformName': 'Android',  # 被测手机是安卓
  'platformVersion': '10',  # 手机安卓版本
  'deviceName': 'xxx', # 设备名，安卓手机可以随意填写
  'appPackage': 'tv.danmaku.bili',  # 启动APP Package名称
  'appActivity': '.MainActivityV2',  # 启动Activity名称
  'unicodeKeyboard': True,  # 使用自带输入法，输入中文时填True
  'resetKeyboard': True,  # 执行完程序恢复原来输入法
  'noReset': True,  # 不要重置App
  'newCommandTimeout': 6000,  # 最大请求超时的时间
  'automationName' : 'UiAutomator2'
  # 'app': r'd:\apk\bili.apk',
}

// Appium Desktop  Appium 捕获app界面元素配置
{
    
    
  "platformName": "Android",
  "platformVersion": "10",
  "deviceName": "xxx",
  "appPackage": "tv.danmaku.bili",
  "appActivity": ".MainActivityV2",
  "unicodeKeyboard": true,
  "resetKeyboard": true,
  "noReset": true,
  "newCommandTimeout": 6000,
  "automationName": "UiAutomator2"
}

3.2 Get interface elements

3.3 Search and locate elements based on xpath syntax in Appium Desktop Appium

1. Positioning based on class needs to be written in full: //android.widget.TextView
2. Positioning a component based on resource-id: //*[@resource-id="tv.danmaku.bili:id/action_search"]
3. Relative positioning based on element nodes: positioning 热门elements;

Positioning syntax: //*[@resource-id='tv.danmaku.bili:id/tabs']//android.view.ViewGroup[3]

from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy
driver.find_element(AppiumBy.XPATH, "//*[@resource-id='tv.danmaku.bili:id/tabs']//android.view.ViewGroup[3]")
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@resource-id='tv.danmaku.bili:id/tabs']//android.view.ViewGroup[3]")

4. Positioning precautions

4.1 element & elements

下面的解释不只是针对xpath定位方法，也包含所有带element字眼的方法
find_element_by_xpath, without s, means locating the first matched one, which is generally used for positioning;
find_elements_by_xpath, with s, means locating all the matched elements, and is generally used to obtain the data value of the element;

5. Python regular code

from appium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from appium.webdriver.extensions.android.nativekey import AndroidKey


"""
    获取app activity信息
    打开目标app至手机的当前活动屏幕中， 打开cmd 输入下面的命令 获取手机正在运行的app信息
        adb shell dumpsys activity recents | find "intent={"
    第一行就是手机当前app的信息、提取cmp的信息，.MainActivityV2
        cmp=tv.danmaku.bili/.MainActivityV2
    
"""

desired_caps = {
    
    
  'platformName': 'Android',  # 被测手机是安卓
  'platformVersion': '10',  # 手机安卓版本
  'deviceName': 'xxx',  # 设备名，安卓手机可以随意填写
  'appPackage': 'tv.danmaku.bili',  # 启动APP Package名称
  'appActivity': '.MainActivityV2',  # 启动Activity名称
  'unicodeKeyboard': True,  # 使用自带输入法，输入中文时填True
  'resetKeyboard': True,  # 执行完程序恢复原来输入法
  'noReset': True,  # 不要重置App
  'newCommandTimeout': 6000,
  'automationName': 'UiAutomator2'
  # 'app': r'd:\apk\bili.apk',
}

# 连接Appium Server，初始化自动化环境
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)

# 设置缺省等待时间
driver.implicitly_wait(5)

# 如果有`青少年保护`界面，点击`我知道了`
iknow = driver.find_elements(By.ID, "text3")
if iknow:
    iknow.click()

# 根据id定位搜索位置框，点击
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'expand_search').click()

# 根据id定位搜索输入框，点击
sbox = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'search_src_text')
sbox.send_keys('白月黑羽')
# 输入回车键，确定搜索
driver.press_keycode(AndroidKey.ENTER)

# 选择（定位）所有视频标题
eles = driver.find_elements(By.ID, 'title')

for ele in eles:
    # 打印标题
    print(ele.text)

input('**** Press to quit..')
driver.quit()