Table of contents
Introduction
Appiumis an open source test automation framework for native, hybrid and mobile web applications.
Install
AppiumThere are two installation methods, one is npmto install through the command line, the other is to install the visual tool.
-
npmInstallnpmThe installation method is a little more troublesome. You need to install it before younpmcan operate it. If you want to know more, please refer to: Installing Appium -
Visual tool installation
Visualization tools can be downloaded from Github
This article uses the visual tool installation method.
Configure & Run
After the installation is complete, start it Appium.exeand click Edit Configuration
In the pop-up configuration interface, fill in the environment variable path that has been configured in advance and save it to restart.
After restarting, click Start Server
Click Start Inspector Session in the upper right corner
Click the "+" sign in the lower middle to add parameters
| Capability | Description |
|---|---|
| platformName | Device operating system |
| platformVersion | Device operating system version |
| deviceName | adb deviesDevice name ( the currently connected device can be obtained by executing adb ) |
| appPackage | Application package name |
| appActivity | Activity name for Android activities launched from appPackage |
| noReset | true or false, whether to clear app data when executing the program |
For more capabilities, please refer to: Appium Desired Capabilities
Fill in some parameters as follows:
After clicking to start the session, the following window will pop up:
AppiumThrough recording operations, languages that can be run by programs such as JS, Java, Python, and Ruby can be generated. Specific operations include: Start the operation → Click a button or input box on the app interface → After clicking, relevant information will be displayed in the selected element on the right → Select the operation of clicking or sending the key → Refresh the screenshot.
Some selection elements cannot be selected, and coordinates need to be used to locate the clicked position. After recording the relevant operations, copy the code generated by the recording to the clipboard and paste it into the method annotated by Android Studiothe development tool .@Test
runIn one click, the steps for automated UI testing are completed.
To execute the code in it, three jar packages, , and should be introduced in advance. The download address is at the end of the article Android Studio. Part of the code is as follows:commons-lang3java-clientselenium-server-standaloneJava
@Before
public void initAppium() {
File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
// 获取apps文件，前面测试应用所存放的目录
File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, "/test_app/");
// 获取apk文件
File app = new File(appDir, "AppiumAutoTest.apk");
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability("platformName", "测试的设备系统");
capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "系统平台版本号");
capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "测试的设备名称");
capabilities.setCapability("app", app.getAbsolutePath());
capabilities.setCapability("appPackage", "被测应用包名");
capabilities.setCapability("appActivity", "app启动的第一个运行界面");
// 连接appium启动相应app
try {
driver = new AndroidDriver<>(new URL("http://192.168.31.98:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("App is launched!");
}
@Test
public void startTest() throws InterruptedException {
MobileElement el3 = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("Reflow");
el3.click();
sleep(1000);
MobileElement el4 = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("Slideshow");
el4.click();
sleep(1000);
MobileElement el5 = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByXPath("/hierarchy/android.widget.FrameLayout/android.widget.LinearLayout/android.widget.FrameLayout/android.widget.LinearLayout/android.widget.FrameLayout/android.widget.FrameLayout/androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout/android.view.ViewGroup/android.widget.LinearLayout[2]/android.widget.FrameLayout[1]/android.widget.FrameLayout/android.view.ViewGroup");
el5.click();
sleep(1000);
execRootCmdSilent("adb shell input tap 958 1588");
sleep(1000);
MobileElement el6 = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("更多选项");
el6.click();
sleep(1000);
MobileElement el7 = (MobileElement) driver.findElementById("com.miyue.appiumautotest:id/title");
el7.click();
sleep(1000);
MobileElement el8 = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("转到上一层级");
el8.click();
}
private void sleep(int second) throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(second);
}
/**
* 使用adb命令执行点击的坐标点
* @param paramString
*/
public void execRootCmdSilent(String paramString) {
String content = "";
BufferedReader reader = null;
InputStream is = null;
try {
java.lang.Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(paramString);
is = process.getInputStream();
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
StringBuffer output = new StringBuffer();
int read;
char[] buffer = new char[4096];
while ((read = reader.read(buffer)) > 0) {
output.append(buffer, 0, read);
}
content = output.toString();
System.out.println("App execution adb done!" + content);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("App issue!" + e.getMessage());
} finally {
if (null != is) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 运行完成
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
@After
public void end() throws InterruptedException {
// 退出应用
driver.quit();
}
Problems & Solutions
-
no tasks available.
Reason : Not configured
Run/Debug Configurations. -
Connection refused: connect.
Reason :
AppiumThe service is not started. -
An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. Original error: Unable to find an active device or emulator with OS 11. The following are available: 6HJ4C19A29009173 (10).
Cause :
platformVersionThe operating system entered is not the version of the operating system connected to. -
An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. Original error: Could not find a connected Android device in 20088ms.
Reason : Not connected to the test device. You need to use adb or a data cable to connect to the device. Execute the adb command
adb devicesto view the currently connected device, and copy and paste the device name todeviceName. -
Re-code the test steps and
cleancache should be run in advance.
Advantages Disadvantages
advantage
- Supports third-party applications.
- Supports testing multiple devices at the same time.
- Supports generating test code in multiple languages.
- There is no need to compile third-party code into the app.
- Free your hands and avoid unnecessary repeated operations.
- Supports applications for IOS, Android, and Windows.
- 支持Native apps、 Hybrid apps、Web apps。
shortcoming
- Kotlin code that can be used to write Android programs is not currently supported.
- Compared with manual testing, Appium automatic testing is not suitable for small-scale testing.
Summarize
Oh, I believe your views will be refreshed after you experience it Appium.
If the application under test does not require multiple repetitive UI tests, there seems to be no need to use Appiumautomated testing. Compared with manual click UI testing, the speed does not seem to be the slightest bit slower.
Recently I learned about something called AccessibilityService(Accessibility Service), which can be used to develop Application scripts. The script execution speed is extremely fast. It's a pity that it is not an automated testing framework, otherwise it would be very good for automated testing.
Android StudioCode download address for this article : Code download address for Appium automated testing
References
1. Appium official website
2. Appium download address
3. java-client.jar package download address
4. commons-lang3.jar package download address
5. Appium builds Android automated testing framework
6. selenium-server-standalone.jar package download address