BMS battery management system
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Preface
As an electrical major student, I have learned a lot of embedded knowledge in college. First of all, I must make sure that I cannot leave behind my major, but I cannot leave behind the embedded technology that I have studied for three years. At this time, the new energy industry is the best destination. In order to quickly integrate into the new energy industry, I decided to learn BMS, EMS, and PCS. I will spend a week getting started with BMS and record my learning experience. At the same time, I also hope to be able to help everyone who is preparing to engage in the new energy industry.
1. What is BMS?
BMS is the abbreviation of Battery Management System, which is translated into Chinese as battery management system. It is an electronic control device for large battery packs . It can monitor and control the operating status of the battery pack, protect the battery pack from various faults such as overcharge, over-discharge, and over-current , thereby extending the life and safety performance of the battery pack. . BMS usually consists of two parts: hardware and software. The hardware mainly includes battery pack voltage measurement circuits, temperature sensors, fuses, relays and other electronic components. The software is responsible for real-time monitoring of the status of the battery pack, controlling the charging and discharging process, and realizing fault diagnosis and alarms . Function. BMS is widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, solar panels and other fields.
Judging from the picture above, the battery management system should have the above five functions.
The battery management system can be divided into three layers: application layer, middle layer (secondary unmeasurable quantity) and physical layer (primary measurable quantity).
2. Main functional modules of BMS
1. Sampling and measurement functions
This part is the physical layer function expansion sampling (for electric vehicles)
2. State estimation and prediction function
This part is the middle layer. The thermal and complete characteristic state estimation is not very mature at present.
3. Control and management functions
Passive balancing: Energy consumption-based balancing, discharging high-power devices to align them with low-power devices.
Active balancing: Energy-transfer mode, discharging high-power devices into energy carriers and releasing them to low-power devices.
4. Communication and diagnostic functions
Commonly used internal communication methods are: can, spi, and daisy chain.
Can is commonly used for vehicle communication and charging communication.
Summarize
After systematic study, I also have a preliminary understanding of BMS.