Article outline:
1. The concept of X86 architecture
2. Development History of X86 Architecture
3. Advantages of X86 architecture
4. Disadvantages
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1. The concept of X86 architecture
X86 is a computer language instruction set executed by a microprocessor, and refers to the standard numbering abbreviation of an Intel general-purpose computer series.
2. Development History of X86 Architecture
On June 8, 1978, Intel released the new 16-bit microprocessor "8086", which also ushered in a new era: the x86 architecture was born. x86 refers to some computer language instruction sets executed by a specific microprocessor, which defines the basic usage rules of the chip, just like today's x64, IA64, etc.
In its 30-year development history, the x86 family has continued to grow, moving from desktops to notebooks, servers, supercomputers, and portable devices. During this period, it has also frustrated or restricted the development of many competitors, making many processor manufacturers and their architecture technologies history. Names, even those with closed development are unsustainable. For example, Apple has given up on PowerPC.
The X86 instruction set was specially developed by Intel Corporation of the United States for its first 16-bit CPU (i8086). The CPU in the world's first PC launched by IBM Corporation of the United States in 1981 - i8088 (simplified version of i8086) also used X86 In addition to Intel, manufacturers such as AMD and Cyrix have also successively produced CPUs that can use the X86 instruction set. Since these CPUs can run all kinds of software developed for Intel CPUs, people in the computer industry refer to these The CPU is listed as a CPU compatible product from Intel. Since the Intel X86 series and its compatible CPUs all use the X86 instruction set, today's huge lineup of X86 series and compatible CPUs has been formed.
3. Advantages of X86 architecture
The advantage of X86 is that it is powerful in function, and has strong versatility, compatibility, and practicality. Moreover, it has many instructions and a wide range of applications.
X86 CPUs are more than 1G, dual-core, and quad-core are popular, and are usually produced using 45nm (or even more advanced) processes.
Computers with an The computer structure can easily expand its performance, such as adding memory, hard disk, etc.
4. Disadvantages
In addition to the advantages mentioned above, what are the shortcomings of X86? Let’s continue to reveal it!
(1) Variable instruction length The length of X86 instructions is variable, and there are several different formats;
(2) The poor X86 instruction set architecture of registers has only 8 general-purpose registers, and only 6 can actually be used;
(3) ) Memory access X86 instructions can access memory addresses, while modern RISC CPUs use LOAD/STORE mode. Only LOAD and STORE instructions can read data from memory to registers; (4) Floating-point
stack One of the main reasons is that X87 instructions use an operand stack;
(5) 4GB limit;
(6) The chip becomes larger.
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