Table of contents
1. Webdriver positioning method
1. Basic positioning usage of xpath
2. xpath relative path/absolute path positioning
3. xpath text, fuzzy, logical positioning
1. Webdriver positioning method
driver.find_element_by_id（）driver.find_element_by_name（）driver.find_element_by_class_name（）4. Link positioning --> precise positioning
driver.find_element_by_link_text（）5. partial_link positioning --> fuzzy positioning
driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text（）6. tag_name positioning --> tag name positioning
Find all tags named input on the page and return a list
driver.find_elements_by_tag_name（）7. css selector
driver.find_element_by_css_selector（）8. xpath positioning
// 2 slashes represent relative paths * represent any tags
driver.find_element_by_xpath（）9. By method
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
1）driver.find_element（By.XXX,’定位值’）XXX is the name of the above eight positioning methods. The element value of this method can be defined in tuple format.
Suitable for batch management of page elements.
2）driver.find_elements（By.XXX,’定位值’）This method will locate all elements that meet the conditions and return them in list format
1. Basic positioning usage of xpath
1) Positioning using attribute values
driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//标签名[@属性名=“属性值”]’)In principle, any value can be used as long as it is a unique value
Eg：-- driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@id="loginUsername"]')
-- driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@class="form-control tecon required"]')
-- driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@placeholder="[email protected]"]')2) Positioning using multiple attribute values
-Different attribute values can be connected with logical operators, such as and, or
--driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//标签名[@属性名1=“属性值1” and @属性名2=“属性值2”]’)-You can also fill it out separately
--driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//标签名[@属性名1=“属性值1”][ @属性名2=“属性值2”]’)Eg：--driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@id="loginUsername" and @name="username"]')
--driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@id="loginUsername"][@name="username"]')2. xpath relative path/absolute path positioning
1) Absolute path
Starting with /, locate one level at a time starting from the root directory based on the tag name, such as locating the ID input box.
/html/body/div[2]/div/div/from/div[3]/input2) Relative path
Starting with //, it can be used when the element to be positioned does not have a unique attribute value, but its parent, child, and sibling elements have unique attribute values.
For example, if you want to locate the parent element of the ID input box, but its class attribute is the same as the parent element of the password input box, directly using the class attribute to locate it is not a unique value. You can first position the ID input box element to reversely position its parent element.
//input[@id="loginUsername"]/..Returning to the upper-level directory is represented by .., which is the same as the Linux operation.
3. xpath text, fuzzy, logical positioning
1) Text positioning
Elements that contain text and will basically not change can be positioned directly using text.
For example, the login button positioning value can be expressed as
//button[text()=”Login”]
2) Fuzzy positioning
It can be used when encountering dynamic attribute values, based on the three functions contains(), starts-with(), and ends-with()
1)) contains() contains the attribute value of xxx
//button[contains(@class,"btn")]2)) starts-with() attribute value starting with xxx
//button[starts-with(@class,"btn")]3)) ends-with() attribute value ending with xxx
//input[ends-with(@class,"btn-box")]