First, let me introduce how to install Linux using the command line.
Now the installation of linux system is more convenient. For example, ubuntu can directly enter the ubuntu test system for installation, and debian can enter a DOS-like interface for installation. There are prompts in it, just choose to operate. If you want to experience using commands to install, it is recommended to use ArchLinux. The process is as follows:
Preparatory work:
Download the image on the Arch official website, then create NeoGrub in EasyBCD, and configure the menu.lst file of NST:
title Install Arch Linux
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz archisolabel=ARCH_201609
initrd /archiso.imgvmlinuz and arch.iso need to be decompressed from the image and placed in the root directory of the C drive, and the image is also placed here. Ubuntu and Debian hard disk installation methods are also similar to this, but the decompressed files are written a little differently from menu.lst.
Another thing to do is to enter the disk management to set up the partition and format it, prepare two partitions, one is used as the root directory of linux, and the other is used as the swap space, and the size of the swap space is set to be as large as the memory.
Restart the computer and select NeoGrub to enter the command line interface for installation.
Start the installation:
1. Load the image
mkdir /iso
mount -r -t ntfs /dev/sda1 /iso
modprobe loop
losetup /dev/loop0 /iso/archlinux-201609-dual.iso
ln -s /dev/loop0 /dev/disk /by-label/ARCH-201609
exit
Just now, the image cannot be found after booting up, and it can be found after executing the above.
2. Partition
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda6
mount /dev/sda6 /mnt
mkswap /dev/sda7
swapon /dev/sda7
Pay attention to first use lsblk to see which two areas are divided by the disk management just now.
3. Connect wifi
wifie-menu
4. Install basic system
pactrap /mnt
5. Change root to the newly installed system
arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
6. Set root password
passwd
7. Install grub
grub-install –target=i386-pc /dev/sda
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub /grub.cfg
If Windows+Linux dual system is installed, apt-get install os-prober is also required, and then run grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg. Only in this way can there be windows startup items when booting.
8. Install a graphical interface
If you want to use a graphical interface, you can consider using xfce4, which takes up less resources. If you don't want to install the GUI, it is recommended to install the wifi-menu first, because there is no wifi-menu after restarting.
systemctl start dhcpcd
systemctl enable dhcpcd
pacman -S xorg-server xorg-xinit xorg-utils xorg-server-utils
pacman -S xfce4 slim fcitx-im network-manager-applet xfce4-notifyd
pacman -S xf86-video-mesa
systemctl enable NetworkManager
9. Reboot
umount -R /mnt
reboot
Next, briefly introduce the graphical interface installation.
The principle is the same as the command line installation, but many steps are automatically done by the interface for us. The more important step is partitioning. If you are installing on the same hard disk as Windows, do not choose the whole disk installation, otherwise the whole hard disk will be formatted. To select other, select the desired partition, click Change, set the ext4 file system as the root directory, and then select a partition to change to swap. Just click to install again. Be cautious during this process, pay attention to the prompts, and don’t accidentally format the wrong file and cause data loss.
Some problems may occur after installation, here are the solutions.
If it is an AMD Radeon graphics card, you need apt-get install firmware-linux-nonfree libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-video-ati. If there is no nonfree, it must be configured in the mirror source, sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list, add contrib non-free after main. If there is a practice connection obtained from cdrom, comment out that sentence.
If there is no Chinese input method, install fcitx and fcitx-pinyin.