Guide: The original "180,000-word Emergency Management Bureau Wisdom Mine Coal Mine Digital Mine Technology Solution WORD" (see the end of the article for the source), this article selects the essence and structure part, the logic is clear and the content is complete, providing a reference for the rapid formation of pre-sales solutions .
Table of contents
Chapter 1 Project Overview
1.1 Project Background and Significance
1.2 The current situation of informatization in domestic and foreign coal mining industry
1.2.1 Status quo of foreign development
1.2.2 Domestic Development Status
1.3 Overview of Digital Mine
1.3.1 History of Digital Mine Construction
1.3.2 Key features of each stage of digital mine construction
1.3.3 Definition of digital mine
1.4 XX Coal Mine Overview and Research Status of Digital Mine
1.4.1 General situation of XX coal mine
1.4.2 XX Coal Mine Digital Mine Research Status
1.5 Goals and principles of digital mine engineering construction
1.5.1 Overall goal of digital mine construction
1.5.2 Specific objectives of digital mine construction
1.5.3 Expected effect of digital mine construction
1.5.4 Guiding ideology of digital mine construction
1.5.5 Principles of Digital Mine Construction
Chapter Two Design Basis and Scope of Digital Mine Construction
2.1 Design basis for digital mine construction
2.2 Construction scope of digital mine
2.3 The relationship between digital mine construction and group informatization
Chapter Three Digital Mine Architecture and Construction Model
3.1 Digital Mine System Architecture
3.1.1 Unified platform or system planning for digital mine
3.1.2 Six-layer Architecture of Digital Mine
3.2 Theoretical support and model research of system construction
3.2.1 Theory and Technology of Gray GIS
3.2.2 Related concepts of gray GIS
3.2.3 Definition and characteristics of gray GIS
3.2.4 Gray GIS data model
3.2.5 Features of GGIS
3.3 High-precision transparent 3D dynamic geological model and roadway modeling
3.3.1 Automatic construction of mine 3D geological model
3.3.2 Roadway geometric modeling
3.3.3 Dynamic generation of high-precision transparent 3D geological model
3.4 Management model for multi-department management and information sharing applications
3.4.1 Application model for multi-department collaboration and information sharing
3.4.2 Feedback management model for hierarchical processing of safety information based on workflow
3.5 Evaluation index system and method of major mine hazards
3.5.1 Classification system of major hazards in coal mines
3.5.2 Principles for constructing the evaluation index system
3.5.3 Evaluation index system structure
3.5.4 Evaluation index system
3.5.5 Research on Gas and Water Hazard Evaluation Methods
3.6 Early warning model of major hazard sources in coal mines
3.6.1 Research on GIS-based identification and early warning model of major hazards in coal mines
3.6.2 Research and application of other mathematical models
Chapter 4 Data Transmission and Integrated Data Processing Platform
4.1XX Coal Mine Data Transmission Platform
4.1.1 Management Network
4.1.2 Industrial Ethernet ring network (integrated automation network)
4.1.3 Interface standard
4.1.4 Servers and disk arrays
4.1.5 Network Security System
4.1.6 Network behavior management system
4.1.7 Industrial Ethernet backbone optical cable
4.2XX Coal Mine Data Transmission System
4.2.1 Transmission system design
4.2.2 Features of transmission system
4.2.3 Convergence of various monitoring and monitoring networks and Ethernet
4.3 Integrated development of XX coal mine data warehouse, model and software platform
4.3.1 Mine Data Warehouse
4.3.2 The overall architecture design of the software platform
4.3.3 Overall Architecture Design of Software System and Network Integration
4.4Development and design of special GIS for XX coal mine
4.4.1 Development Content
4.4.2 Key Technologies
4.5 Key technology development of 3D visualization platform
4.5.1 Development Content
4.5.2 Key Technologies
4.6 Design of XX Coal Mine Configuration Software Platform
4.6.1 Functional Design
4.6.2 Software Platform System Design
4.6.3 Key Technologies
Chapter 5 Integrated Automation and Online Data Monitoring
5.1 Comprehensive automatic monitoring platform
5.2 Configuration software
5.3 Construction and access of integrated automation subsystem
5.3.1 Fully mechanized mining face monitoring system
5.3.2 Main coal flow transportation centralized control system
5.3.3 Downhole drainage monitoring subsystem (access)
5.3.4 Mine ventilation monitoring system (access)
5.3.5 Mine compressor fan monitoring system
5.3.13 Gas drainage monitoring system
5.3.14 Coal Washery Production System (Connection)
5.3.15 Wire rope online detection system
5.3.16 Mine production monitoring system
5.3.17 Locomotive signal collection and closing system
5.3.18 Fully mechanized excavation face monitoring system (access)
5.3.19 Access to other subsystems
5.3.20 Group Company and XX Mine System Platform
5.4 Construction of Mine Communication System
5.4.1 Mine dispatching communication system
5.4.2 Mine wireless communication system (wifi solution)
5.4.3 Mine wireless communication system (3G solution)
5.4.4 Mine Information Guidance Release System
5.4.5 Mine IP Broadcasting System
5.5 Mine Auxiliary System Construction
5.5.1 Digital industrial TV system
5.5.2 Large screen display system
5.5.3 Coal mine safety production 3D simulation training and geological structure transparent 3D ring screen display system
5.5.4 Integrated wiring engineering
5.5.5 Computer room engineering
5.5.6 Watt inspector patrol system
5.5.7 Unattended lighting room system
Chapter VI Safety Production Monitoring System
6.1 Large-screen display system for ventilation scheduling
6.1.1 System overview
6.1.2 System design
6.1.3 System functions
6.1.4 Main indicators and technical parameters of the product
6.2 Safety Monitoring Subsystem
6.2.1 System overview
6.2.2 System design
6.2.3 System functions
6.2.4 System access
6.3 Underground personnel positioning management system
6.3.1 System overview
6.3.2 System Composition
6.3.3 System functions
6.7.1 System overview
6.7.2 System Composition and Features
6.7.3 System access
6.8 Fire prevention grouting monitoring system
6.9 Access to other production safety monitoring and monitoring subsystems
Chapter 7 Digital Mine Software Platform and Application System
7.1 Production Technology Integrated Management System
7.1.1 Geodetic Spatial Management Information System
7.1.2 Water management information system for prevention and control
7.1.3 Geological guarantee data processing system
7.1.4 "One connection, three defenses" management information system
7.1.5 Mining Aided Design System
7.1.6 Mine power supply, fixed and transportation equipment selection design system
7.1.7 Dispatching command system
7.1.8 Electromechanical equipment management system
7.1.9 Quality Standardization Management System
7.1.10 Coal quality, transportation and sales management information system
7.1.11 Web-based production technology management information system
7.2 Safety Production Management Information System
7.2.1 Safety management information system
7.2.2 Safety Production Integrated Management Information System
7.2.4 Mine emergency rescue management system
7.2.5 Mine safety closed-loop management system
7.3 Coal mine underground hazard identification, prediction and early warning system
7.3.1 Water disaster identification, prediction and early warning system
7.3.2 Hazard source identification, prediction and early warning system
7.3.3 Roof hazard identification, prediction and early warning system
7.3.4 Early warning of other hazards
7.4 Technical data digital archive system
7.4.1 Description of the overall plan
7.4.2 Overall Scheme Architecture
7.4.3 Technical Design Scheme
Chapter VIII Coal Mine 3D Comprehensive Management System
8.1 Establishment and visualization of geological model, roadway model and electromechanical equipment model
8.1.1 Stratum and fault modeling and 3D visualization
8.1.2 Roadway geometric modeling and visualization
8.1.3 Borehole automatic modeling and visualization
8.1.4 Modeling and 3D visualization of working face, goaf, water accumulation area, abnormal area, etc.
8.1.5 Modeling and 3D visualization of electromechanical equipment
8.1.6 Modeling and 3D visualization of coal mine pipeline network
2.2 Construction scope of digital mine
1. From the perspective of application range
2. From the perspective of system construction
(1) Comprehensive automation system for coal mine production: According to the idea of integrated management and control, combined with advanced technologies such as industrial automation technology, information technology, embedded technology, network technology and communication technology, at the same time through the mine production safety, ground survey information and shaft roadway Extensive utilization and in-depth development of engineering and other information to achieve centralized monitoring of the entire mine production process, network dispatching computers, network information management and decision-making, comprehensively improve the level of mine automation, and finally achieve the goal of establishing a high-yield and efficient digital mine.
The main contents of XX coal mine comprehensive automation system include:
- Mine fully mechanized face monitoring subsystem.
- Main coal flow transportation centralized control system.
- Underground drainage automatic control system.
- Mine ventilation fan monitoring system.
- Mine pressure fan monitoring system.
- Mine underground water treatment system.
- Domestic water and sewage treatment monitoring system.
- Water source well water treatment system.
- Boiler room monitoring system.
- Main and auxiliary shaft hoist monitoring system.
- Auxiliary wind shaft winch monitoring system.
- Power monitoring and monitoring system.
- Gas drainage monitoring system.
- Coal washing plant monitoring system.
- Wire rope online detection system.
- Fire prevention grouting station monitoring system.
- access to other subsystems.
(2) Coal mine safety monitoring and monitoring information system: based on the network platform, realize the list display of real-time data such as all monitoring quantities and their status and alarm information; realize the graphic display of all monitoring quantities, their status and alarm information and other real-time data, including Curves, histograms and pie charts can classify and summarize historical data for analysis, statistics, report and graphic output; they are updated synchronously according to the data collection time of the monitoring and monitoring system and integrated into the 3D visualization system to realize intuitive presentation.
The main contents of the XX coal mine safety monitoring and monitoring system include:
- Safety environment monitoring subsystem.
- Downhole personnel positioning management subsystem.
- Mine pressure online monitoring subsystem.
- Hydrological monitoring subsystem.
- Coal seam spontaneous combustion (bundle tube) monitoring subsystem.
(3) Coal mine safety and production technology comprehensive management information system: the system is based on a unified geographic information system platform (including 2DGIS, WebGIS, and 3D visualization system) in the network environment, integrating geodesy, production, general defense, safety, electromechanical, and design It is an information platform that integrates professional design, data management, comprehensive business information query and release, and unified monitoring of mine information, including system integration applications such as comprehensive automation system and monitoring and monitoring system. The system is a typical multi-department, multi-specialty, multi-level management spatial information sharing and web collaboration platform around geological, surveying, ventilation, and safety data change management.
Coal mine safety and production technology comprehensive management information system is to use computer network technology, database technology, computer graphics, component technology and GIS technology, etc., to build a unified spatial data collection, storage, output, query and analysis platform for mines, and to build a service for production Professional application system platforms for technical personnel such as geodesy, ventilation, safety, production technology, dispatching, electromechanical, transportation, etc., build a WEB service decision-making platform for the company's management decision-making layer on the basis of the company's network environment, and realize multi-department and multi-level well operation Data sharing and decision-making analysis, so as to further improve mine safety production management capabilities, further enhance mine technology level, provide technical support for safety production decision-making, and finally realize the group's bottom-up safety production information collection and top-down safety production management Dispatching and commanding, the construction of an intrinsically safe "digital mine" based on informatization and management modernization.
The history of digital mine construction
With the continuous development of automation and information technology and the gradual application in the coal mine industry, the construction process of digital mines in my country is mainly divided into the following stages (see Figure 1-2):
Figure 1-2 The development history of digital mine
At present, the single automation system of the mine has basically been realized, and most of the single systems, such as main drainage and main transportation, have realized automatic management. But so far, despite the rapid development of high-speed network and software technology, most mines in digital mine construction are still at a shallow level of comprehensive automation, mainly realizing remote monitoring and monitoring on the ground. Only on the basis of single-system automation, access to each single system through a high-speed network, fully integrate data, and establish a reasonable linkage mechanism can complete the transformation from single-system automation to comprehensive automation. Ease of implementation and controllability are relatively easy, but the development from comprehensive automation to digital mines involves a wide range of aspects and must be promoted by multiple parties, generally involving "integrated automation" and "spatial digitalization" And the three major aspects of "management informatization", the three are indispensable, through the organic integration of the three, and then display through a suitable platform such as a 3D visualization platform, and at the same time apply it through a scientific and reasonable management system and process is the real meaning There is a digital mine of flesh and blood. The transformation at this stage requires not only a large amount of capital investment, but also a change in concept, which is relatively difficult. Digital mines are also the basis for subsequent digital development of mines. An effective decision-making analysis system in appropriate links will definitely be able to To provide the leadership with the decision-making basis for production and operation management, and to realize the development of intelligent mines. To realize the transformation at this stage, it is necessary to continuously enrich the decision-making analysis system and complete the transformation from informationization to knowledgeization.
Key features of each stage of digital mine construction
1. Key features of single system automation stage
(1) Possess reliable and comprehensive sensing and actuators.
(2) It has a programmable control system.
(3) It has the function of remote monitoring and monitoring.
(4) The single system can perform automatic system operation according to the conditions.
2. Key features of the integrated automation stage
(1) With high-speed network channel.
(2) Realize the data fusion of various automation systems.
(3) Possess certain data mining capabilities.
(4) It has a linkage control strategy that can be modeled.
3. Key features of the digital mine stage
(1) Data fusion of comprehensive automation, management informatization, and space digitization;
(2) Dynamically embed all information related to mine safety, production, and operation on the basis of multi-dimensional space mine entities, such as environmental parameters, electromechanical equipment operating status, personnel, output, business management information, etc., and find out the internal connection of these information , giving a richer meaning to the digital mine.
(3) Have a GIS-based two-dimensional, three-dimensional or multi-dimensional display platform.
4. Key features of the intelligent mine stage
(1) On the basis of digital mines, use artificial intelligence technology and data mining technology to compile expert ideas and professional solutions in various fields in the coal mining industry into a number of decision-making analysis systems that can be repeatedly run and decision-making command, which can contribute to safe production Operations provide a basis for decision-making;
(2) Use technologies such as cloud computing and the Internet of Things to realize the "interconnection, interconnection, and intelligence" of mines.
1.3.3 Definition of digital mine
The digital mine is extended from the definition of the digital earth, that is, within the scope of the mine, an information framework is formed based on three-dimensional coordinate information and their interrelationships, and the obtained static and dynamic information is embedded in the framework and analyzed and operated. and decision making. The definition of the Group's digital mine is as follows:
"Digital mine" is based on advanced coal mine electromechanical and integrated technology, computer technology, 3S technology, and a modern enterprise management system that is compatible with informatization. , sustainable development as the goal, realize the collection, input, storage, retrieval, query, dynamic correction and professional space analysis of multi-source coal mine information, and realize the multi-mode output of multi-source information, real-time online analysis, processing and decision-making, and expert consultation on coal mines Modern mine systems for safety accidents and dispatching and commanding.
To sum up, "digital mine" mainly covers four parts: network and underlying support system, comprehensive automation and online detection system, safety and production technology comprehensive management system, administrative office and operation management system.
Specific goals of digital mine construction
1. Strengthen the construction of underlying equipment automation
The construction of "Digital Mine" in XX Coal Mine adopts the Gigabit Industrial Ethernet network structure with advanced technology and unified standards, integrates the real-time monitoring data of various production safety subsystems in the whole mine, and completes the remote centralized monitoring of the production system. Through data analysis and data integration , to ensure the seamless connection of data with the enterprise management decision-making information system, to ensure the validity and consistency of the data in the entire integrated automation system, and to realize real-time exchange and data sharing between different businesses and systems.
1. Strengthen the construction of underground sensing Internet of Things and data centers
Improve the reliability of underlying monitoring equipment and sensors, increase the application of wireless Internet of Things sensors, sense environmental parameters in various regions of the mine, and realize intelligent online detection of equipment.
The data collected through industrial Ethernet, safety monitoring and monitoring, etc., according to the standard requirements of informatization, realize unified standards, unified storage, unified management, and achieve the greatest degree of data sharing.
2. Strengthen the construction of comprehensive management system for coal mine safety production technology
Build a production technology management system based on (2D+3D) geographic information system. Digital Mine is a typical multi-department, multi-professional, multi-level management coal mine spatial information sharing and Web collaboration application platform. The application of coal mine spatial data involves the input, calculation, statistics, analysis and output of professional data such as geological survey, one connection and three defenses, production scheduling, production technology, mine safety, safety supervision, quality standardization and electromechanical equipment, etc. The information on the website covers a wide range of areas and is updated quickly, consisting of a large number of graphics, images, attribute data and metadata. The unified geographic information system platform can realize multi-department, multi-professional, multi-level data sharing.
3. Strengthen the construction of major hazard prediction and early warning and decision support systems
Due to the complex geological structure of XX coal mine and many hazard sources, GIS technology, Internet of Things technology, database technology, expert system, etc. The data of various underground hazard sources are integrated on the same platform, and based on WebGIS unified display, the early prediction and early warning of major hazards can be realized, so as to improve the early warning ability of major hazard sources in coal mines, reduce the incidence of major hazard source accidents, and improve the overall safety management level of coal mines.
4. Strengthen the construction of high-precision 3D transparent geological models and 3D visualization systems and even virtual mines
Construct a high-precision three-dimensional geological transparent model including various complex geological structures (normal faults, reverse faults, collapsed columns, aquifers, old kiln areas, etc.), and realize the dynamic update of basic ground survey data. Effectively support large-scale databases and real-time information flow communication technology, integrate various industrial real-time data such as safety monitoring, comprehensive automation, communication video, etc., build a professional simulation system for "mining, excavation, machinery, transportation, and communication" of mines, and realize "full mine" The integration of "monitoring, management and control" will finally realize the networked and distributed comprehensive management based on the 3D virtual mine platform, and provide guarantee for the safety production management of coal mines.
Specific goals of digital mine construction
1. Strengthen the construction of underlying equipment automation
The construction of "Digital Mine" in XX Coal Mine adopts the Gigabit Industrial Ethernet network structure with advanced technology and unified standards, integrates the real-time monitoring data of various production safety subsystems in the whole mine, and completes the remote centralized monitoring of the production system. Through data analysis and data integration , to ensure the seamless connection of data with the enterprise management decision-making information system, to ensure the validity and consistency of the data in the entire integrated automation system, and to realize real-time exchange and data sharing between different businesses and systems.
1. Strengthen the construction of underground sensing Internet of Things and data centers
Improve the reliability of underlying monitoring equipment and sensors, increase the application of wireless Internet of Things sensors, sense environmental parameters in various regions of the mine, and realize intelligent online detection of equipment.
The data collected through industrial Ethernet, safety monitoring and monitoring, etc., according to the standard requirements of informatization, realize unified standards, unified storage, unified management, and achieve the greatest degree of data sharing.
2. Strengthen the construction of comprehensive management system for coal mine safety production technology
Build a production technology management system based on (2D+3D) geographic information system. Digital Mine is a typical multi-department, multi-professional, multi-level management coal mine spatial information sharing and Web collaboration application platform. The application of coal mine spatial data involves the input, calculation, statistics, analysis and output of professional data such as geological survey, one connection and three defenses, production scheduling, production technology, mine safety, safety supervision, quality standardization and electromechanical equipment, etc. The information on the website covers a wide range of areas and is updated quickly, consisting of a large number of graphics, images, attribute data and metadata. The unified geographic information system platform can realize multi-department, multi-professional, multi-level data sharing.
3. Strengthen the construction of major hazard prediction and early warning and decision support systems
Due to the complex geological structure of XX coal mine and many hazard sources, GIS technology, Internet of Things technology, database technology, expert system, etc. The data of various underground hazard sources are integrated on the same platform, and based on WebGIS unified display, the early prediction and early warning of major hazards can be realized, so as to improve the early warning ability of major hazard sources in coal mines, reduce the incidence of major hazard source accidents, and improve the overall safety management level of coal mines.
4. Strengthen the construction of high-precision 3D transparent geological models and 3D visualization systems and even virtual mines
Construct a high-precision three-dimensional geological transparent model including various complex geological structures (normal faults, reverse faults, collapsed columns, aquifers, old kiln areas, etc.), and realize the dynamic update of basic ground survey data. Effectively support large-scale databases and real-time information flow communication technology, integrate various industrial real-time data such as safety monitoring, comprehensive automation, communication video, etc., build a professional simulation system for "mining, excavation, machinery, transportation, and communication" of mines, and realize "full mine" The integration of "monitoring, management and control" will finally realize the networked and distributed comprehensive management based on the 3D virtual mine platform, and provide guarantee for the safety production management of coal mines.
Digital mine structure and construction model
3.1 Digital Mine System Architecture
A digital mine requires a unified data transmission network, a unified data warehouse, a unified 2DGIS and 3D management and configuration platform, and a unified management platform.
The overall structure of the digital mine consists of six layers from bottom to top, they are: data acquisition and execution layer, data transmission layer, data storage layer, control layer, management decision-making layer, and presentation layer.
The system architecture of the group's digital mine is shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 Overall Architecture of Digital Mine
3.1.1 Unified platform or system planning for digital mine
From the basic level of digital mine construction, four unifications need to be realized:
1. Unified 2DGIS, 3D management and configuration software platform
A unified GIS, 3D visualization or virtual mine platform is adopted for the management of the spatial data and attribute data of the entire safety production process of "mining, excavation, machinery, transportation and transportation"; for the integrated automation system, a unified configuration software platform is adopted.
2. Unified management platform
Production mine operation management, safety production online detection management, safety production technology comprehensive management, and decision support adopt a unified management platform to realize the integrated operation, analysis and management of data mine software and hardware systems.
3. Unified data transmission
In addition to the gas monitoring system (currently the state stipulates that it must be a private network), the underground enterprise management, comprehensive automation, online detection, and comprehensive management of safety production technology are transmitted through a unified network.
4. Unified data warehouse
Production mine operation management, comprehensive automation, safety production online detection management, safety production technology comprehensive management, and decision support adopt a unified data warehouse to realize data sharing.
From the application level of digital mine construction, two unifications need to be realized, namely the safety production operation management platform and the safety production execution control platform.
(1) Safety production operation management platform
Through the GIS platform and the modeling of three-dimensional high-precision transparent geological models and equipment models, real-time centralized monitoring of production process data is realized, and comprehensive management of production technology and safety production decision-making support management are provided for production operations.
(2) Safety Production Execution Control Platform
Realize remote centralized control of relevant related systems according to the professional-oriented user departments.
3.1.2 Six-layer Architecture of Digital Mine
1. Data acquisition and execution layer
The main equipment in this layer is not only the collector of data, but also the executor of decision-making execution information. It includes three levels of content:
(1) Acquisition of real-time online information on the up and down dynamics of safe production wells. This mainly includes the production environment online detection system (such as water, fire, gas, roof, personnel positioning, etc.), comprehensive automation system (such as fully mechanized mining face control system, belt conveyor centralized control system, etc.), other production command information collection systems (underground industrial television systems, etc.).
(2) Collection of production technology and operation management data. This mainly includes non-real-time production data, such as drilling, earthquake, electromechanical equipment, ventilation resistance measurement results, etc.; operation management data, such as financial management, transportation management, human resource management, etc.
(3) Information at the executive control level or management decision-making level. Through the analysis and processing of the management decision-making layer, the result reaches the execution layer through the control layer and the transmission layer, and completes the control of the equipment and the dynamic correction of the spatial form and attributes of the ore body.
2. Data transfer layer
Composed of industrial Ethernet and enterprise management network; it is a full-coverage network composed of wired and wireless.
3. Data storage layer
Construct metadata standards and metadata databases covering the entire process of data collection, transmission, storage, analysis, feedback, and release; construct digital mine coding systems and standards; complete knowledge bases and model bases for safety production analysis and decision support (such as "water , fire, gas, roof" decision support model library) organization and management; complete online detection, comprehensive automation, production technology, and management information storage and management.
To this end, it is necessary to establish a mining monitoring data center, a mining space data center, and a mining management data center.
4. System control layer
Including control or dynamic correction of equipment, ore bodies, etc. Part of the content is described below.
(1) Raw coal production sub-control center. Realize the centralized and remote control of the raw coal system, including the mining face system, the bottom of the well, the fully mechanized mining transportation along the chute, the main road transportation in the mining area, the first horizontal east wing transportation belt, the main inclined shaft belt and other subsystems related to the raw coal production process Control; the control room can be set independently.
(2) Power system sub-control center. Realize centralized remote control of mine power-related systems such as ground substations, auxiliary shaft substations, underground central substations, and mining area substations; independently set up a control room.
(3) Electromechanical sub-control center. Realize system control related to water treatment, such as underground main drainage, mine water treatment, domestic sewage treatment, etc., realize various control systems related to electromechanical, such as pressure fan monitoring system, heat exchange station control system, auxiliary shaft hoisting monitoring system, etc. The control room can be set up independently.
(4) Ventilation sub-control center. Realize centralized control and monitoring of systems related to ventilation management, such as the main fan ventilation control system, personnel positioning system, safety monitoring system, fire bundle pipe monitoring system, roof pressure safety monitoring system, and miner’s lamp room information management system, except for safety monitoring system regulations It is required to have an independent monitoring room, and other centralized control can realize remote centralized control and monitoring in the dispatch center.
(5) Auxiliary monitoring center. Realize centralized monitoring and control of various auxiliary monitoring systems such as overhead man-vehicle monitoring system, measurement and weighing system, underground vehicle monitoring system, machine room environment monitoring system, machine room access control system, and industrial television system.
(6) Geodetic dynamic correction. Execute the dynamic update operation of the excavation engineering plan or 3D graphics; perform the dynamic correction operation of the 3D high-precision transparent geological model according to the latest information on excavation, mining, geophysical prospecting, supplementary prospecting, etc.
5. Management decision-making level
It includes four parts, namely operation management information system, production technology integrated management system, three-dimensional integrated management system, and decision support system.
(1) Operation and management information system. Based on the enterprise management network platform and data warehouse, it realizes the networked management of office automation such as production, supply, sales, personnel, finance, and materials.
(2) Integrated management system of production technology. Realize complete informatization and networking of geology, surveying, hydrology, reserves, "one connection and three defenses", mining auxiliary design, electromechanical design, equipment selection, etc. in the entire production business process of "mining, excavation, machinery, transportation, and transportation" manage.
(3) Three-dimensional comprehensive management system. Based on 3D GIS or 3D visualization system or virtual mine platform, realize the visual display, analysis and operation of the main control process of digital mine.
(4) Safety management and decision support system. Based on the online detection system, integrated automation system, knowledge base and model base, etc., the dynamic analysis and prediction of hazard sources (water, fire, gas, roof, etc.), operating environment, geological structure, equipment failure, etc. are completed.
6. Presentation layer
Publish and display coal mine multimedia information through network, fixed or mobile devices.
3.2 Theoretical support and model research of system construction
XX Coal Mine Digital Mine System is a complex giant system, which not only involves advanced geographic information system theory and technical methods to solve the purpose of dynamically processing coal mine production information, but also involves the latest smart mine technology and a large number of coal mine professional core technologies, only Only by developing and integrating serialized high-tech can the modernization of XX Coal Mine be realized, and a high-tech demonstration mine be built for the group, providing high-tech support for the construction of a safe mine for the whole group.
3.2.1 Theory and Technology of Gray GIS
In geological exploration, mining and other fields, such a phenomenon often occurs. With the passage of time, more and more data are processed by GIS, and the description and expression of spatial objects in GIS tend to be more accurate. In the initial stage of research, such as the early stage of geological exploration, only limited sampling data can be used to obtain the conjecture and control of the spatial object as a whole. This control is an approximation and simulation of the actual object. As time continues to grow, more and more accurate data are obtained through various channels, the real state of space objects is gradually revealed, the control becomes more accurate, and the understanding becomes clearer. In the final stage of research, such as the stripping of cap rock in open-pit mining and the recovery of working face in underground mining, etc., the control of spatial objects can be completely accurate or nearly completely accurate.
Due to data acquisition or various limiting factors, the known information that people can obtain cannot meet the needs, and the spatial objects can only be guessed and controlled as a whole through limited data, and the spatial objects appear in a gray state. As time goes by, the continuous addition of deterministic information makes the spatial object continuously shift from the gray state to the white state, and this change causes partial or complete reconstruction of the GIS data model. We propose the concept of Gray Geographic Information System (GGIS for short). GGIS can analyze and process the temporal and spatial changes of gray spatial data, dynamically correct and quickly update the models and graphics of spatial objects. At present, the geographic information systems widely used at home and abroad can be divided into white or close to white geographic information systems. When they express and process spatial objects, they think that the information of spatial objects obtained is relatively complete, regardless of the lack of information. Gray uncertainty of spatial objects. To sum up, GGIS, as a theory and technology for studying spatial objects with gray features, is still a new research field and has very important scientific research value. This paper studies the concepts, characteristics and research system of GGIS theory and technology.
.1.2 GIS-based regional judgment and early warning model
Major hazard sources in coal mines are affected by various conditions, mainly including geological background conditions (gas geology, hydrogeology and structural geology), coal seam conditions (coal dust and coal spontaneous combustion), various dynamic effects (such as precipitation, floor water inrush or Water gushing) and human engineering activities (mining, excavation, blasting) and other complex factors. It is very important to comprehensively study the effects of relevant factors on mine regional disasters, analyze their relationship with major mine hazard sources, and then establish an early warning and forecast system.
1. Comprehensive application of multiple information
Major hazards in coal mines are mainly caused by factors such as geology, hydrology, gas, and meteorology. Establishing a joint hidden danger identification, early warning and forecasting model coupled with multiple information of "geology-hydrology-gas-meteorology" can improve the ability and efficiency of identifying major hazards in coal mines. The "geology-hydrology-gas-meteorology" joint evaluation and early warning model integrates different types of data at four levels (ie mine geological zoning map, mine water filling map, gas regional distribution map, meteorological data and hydrological data). Mine geological zoning map mainly includes fault distribution, collapse column distribution, hydrogeological and other factor data; mine water filling map mainly includes mined out water area, small kiln mined out water area, fault waterproof coal pillar, surface water body, geophysical and hydrological anomalies Area and hydrological chief observation hole and other factor data; gas data include high gas area on the excavation face of coal rock roadway, high gas area on excavation face in high stress area, gas outburst threat area, gas outburst dangerous area and real-time monitoring gas alarm data, etc. ; Meteorological data are mainly considered from two aspects of historical rainfall and forecast rainfall data. Through the research on the relationship between the historical rainfall record data and the major mine hazards that have occurred, the impact of surface water on the major mine hazards has been obtained, and then used Forecast rainfall for early warning. Through the comprehensive application of multivariate data and its related early warning evaluation index system, and the use of relevant evaluation professional model libraries and method libraries, the evaluation and early warning of major mine hazards can be realized.
2. Model evaluation and early warning process
In the implementation process of the "hydrology-fire-gas-roof" joint evaluation and early warning model for major hazard sources in mines, the powerful spatial data processing capabilities of GIS are mainly used to facilitate and quickly carry out data processing, evaluation index system construction, factor analysis, and spatial analysis. Data quantification and single-disaster factor mapping; build a professional model library and method library based on GIS, use the model to superimpose and analyze different disaster factors to form a hazard zoning map; and use GIS to superimpose meteorological, human activities and other inducing factors for real-time judgment and early warning analysis Finally, based on the roadway layout of the excavation engineering plan, the identification and warning of major hazards and hidden dangers in the mine can be realized to guide the safety production of coal mines. At the same time, the release of evaluation and warning analysis results based on WebGIS can be realized. The specific implementation process of the model is shown in Figure 3-43.
Figure 3-43 GIS-based regional judgment and early warning model
3. Model Realization Data Requirements
The establishment and operation of GIS-based regional judgment and early warning models require a large number of different types of data, including various historical data maps (such as topographic and geological maps, structural geological distribution maps, mine water filling maps, mine hydrogeological maps, and gas regional distribution maps. , hydrological correlation curves, rainfall data, historical gas data, excavation engineering plan, mineable coal seam floor contour map), real-time monitoring data of major mine hazard sources, etc. The GIS-based regional judgment and early warning model is a data-driven dynamic model and an application model triggered by disaster data.
Basic historical data:
(1) Historical data of major hazard sources in mines (historical records of major hazard sources, such as disaster occurrence time, location, scale, etc.).
(2) Distribution map of major hazard sources and hidden danger points in the mine (mainly including: excavation face of coal-exposing rock roadway, excavation face in high gas and high stress area, high gas area, prominent threat area, prominent dangerous area, goaf water accumulation area, Hidden danger points such as small kilns, mined-out water accumulation areas, old alleys, fault waterproof coal pillars, surface water bodies, geophysical and hydrological anomalies, hydrological long observation holes, and key warning areas on the floor).
(3) Topographic and geological map of the mine.
(4) Geological distribution map of mine structure.
(5) Mine hydrogeological map and mine water filling map.
(6) Correlation curves of mine hydrology.
(7) Mine gas geological map, gas contour map, and gas regional distribution map.
(8) Mine excavation engineering plan and roadway layout.
(9) Distribution of mine surface water bodies.
(10) Contour map of mineable coal seam floor.
Real-time monitoring data:
(1) Mine gas historical data and real-time monitoring data.
(2) Historical rainfall data and rainfall monitoring data.
(3) Historical hydrological data and real-time hydrological monitoring data of disaster points.
(4) Real-time data of mine roof pressure monitoring.
4. Model Implementation Workflow
The specific implementation process of the GIS-based regional hazard identification and early warning model mainly includes raw data processing, risk early warning zoning and model library construction, determination of disaster critical criteria, dynamic data acquisition and evaluation of early warning model calculations, and early warning product production.
Raw data processing:
(1) The data processing of major hazard sources and hidden points in mines is mainly to develop a map of major hazards and hidden points in mines on relevant professional maps, and different types of disaster points are represented by different symbols to form a distribution map of hidden disaster points.
(2) Data processing of disaster background factors. Data obtained from different data sources are incorporated into single-factor layers in GIS format according to the established index system. Some factor layers can be generated in GIS using original data, such as based on faults The data realizes the analysis of the buffer zone, and uses it as a basic factor (as shown in Figure 3-44) to realize the identification, early warning and analysis of hydrogeological disaster hidden dangers of aqueduct faults, etc.
Figure 3-44 Schematic diagram of GIS-based buffer zone analysis of fault structures
(3) Disaster factor analysis, using the disaster hidden danger points and evaluation index system to establish spatial analysis, realize the evaluation relationship between each disaster factor layer and disaster hidden danger points, use the spatial analysis function in GIS to realize the disaster hidden danger point layer and each Overlay analysis of factor layers (as shown in Figure 3-45), and use the shortest path analysis or buffer zone to determine the possibility of disasters at hidden disaster points to achieve early warning evaluation.
Figure 3-45 Schematic diagram of overlay analysis of hidden danger points and disaster factors based on GIS
Risk zoning and model library establishment:
Establish corresponding professional model libraries according to different types of mine major hazard sources such as gas and water hazards. For example, gas disaster prediction first establishes a gas geological zoning map (including gas outburst risk areas, gas outburst threat areas, high Second, based on dynamic mining information, real-time monitoring data and relevant gas sub-regions to establish contact and conduct comparative analysis to determine whether the recoverable area or the future recoverable area belongs to the gas guard area, gas alarm area, etc.
Determination of judging early warning criteria:
Judgment and early warning criteria are mainly based on the knowledge base of the mine major hazard factor evaluation index system, such as water damage, gas disaster evaluation index system library related evaluation indicators as criteria.
Judging data acquisition:
Judging data mainly includes historical data and real-time dynamic data. Among them, the historical data mainly comes from the relevant mine space database center, mainly including various graphic data, attribute data and image data, etc.; the real-time monitoring data is transmitted to the monitoring data center in real time through the monitoring hardware equipment and system, and sent to the mine space database center Provide real-time evaluation and early warning services and applications.
Evaluation and early warning model calculation and result release:
Mainly based on the superposition of dynamic monitoring real-time data and zoning map, and using the GIS model library and spatial analysis method to refer to the disaster factor evaluation index system to realize the judgment and early warning of disasters on the zoning map of major hazard sources and hidden points in the mine, and form a map of early warning and forecast results, and finally can Publish in different formats.
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