Article Directory
1. Authentication and authorization mechanism
Use token (Token), OAuth and other authentication methods to ensure that only legitimate users can access the interface. Authorization mechanisms prevent unauthorized users from accessing sensitive interfaces.
Example: Use the JWT (JSON Web Token) authentication method.
// 生成JWT
String token = Jwts.builder()
.setSubject(username)
.setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + EXPIRATION_TIME))
.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET_KEY)
.compact();
2. Parameter verification
Check the validity of the input parameters of the interface to prevent parameter tampering and malicious input. Validate the type, range, and format of input data.
Example: Verify that the input parameter is a positive integer.
@GetMapping("/getInfo")
public ResponseEntity getInfo(@RequestParam(name = "userId") @Positive int userId) {
// 查询用户信息
// ...
}
3. Interface encryption
Use the HTTPS protocol to encrypt the transmission of the interface to prevent data from being stolen or tampered with. HTTPS encrypts data using the SSL/TLS protocol.
Example: Configuring a Spring Boot application to use HTTPS.
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.requiresChannel().anyRequest().requiresSecure();
}
}
4. Prevent brute force cracking
Set interface access frequency limits to prevent malicious users from attacking through brute force cracking passwords.
Example: Use Redis to store the number of user logins and limit the number of attempts.
public boolean login(String username, String password) {
if (loginAttemptsExceeded(username)) {
throw new LoginAttemptsExceededException("Login attempts exceeded.");
}
// 验证用户名密码
if (validCredentials(username, password)) {
clearLoginAttempts(username);
// 登录成功
return true;
} else {
incrementLoginAttempts(username);
// 登录失败
return false;
}
}
5. Security header settings
By setting HTTP security headers, such as CSP (Content Security Policy), X-Frame-Options, etc., reduce cross-site scripting attacks (XSS) and other attacks.
Example: Set a CSP header to limit the resources allowed to be loaded.
@GetMapping("/securePage")
public ResponseEntity securePage() {
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.add("Content-Security-Policy", "default-src 'self'");
return new ResponseEntity("This is a secure page.", headers, HttpStatus.OK);
}
6. Log monitoring
Record the access log of the interface in time to detect abnormalities and attack behaviors. Record access IP, user, access time and other information.
Example: Use Logback to record access logs.
<appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.FileAppender">
<file>access.log</file>
<append>true</append>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{
yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{
36} - %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>