Article Directory
1. Access Control
Make sure only authorized users can access the database. Assign appropriate permissions to database users, limit their access scope, and avoid unnecessary data leakage and operations.
Example: Restrict user access to certain tables.
GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON database.table TO 'username'@'localhost';
2. Parameterized query
Injection attacks can be prevented by using parameterized queries. By passing the user-entered value as an argument to the statement, rather than concatenating it directly into the statement.
Example: Parameterized queries using prepared statements.
String = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ? AND password = ?";
PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement();
statement.setString(1, inputUsername);
statement.setString(2, inputPassword);
ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
3. Password security
Passwords should be encrypted using a hash algorithm to avoid plaintext storage. In addition, adding salt (salt) can increase the security of passwords.
Example: Encrypting a password using a hash function.
String password = "userPassword123";
String salt = generateSalt();
String hashedPassword = hashFunction(password + salt);
4. Data backup and recovery
Back up your database regularly to prevent data loss. Backup data should be stored in a secure location to ensure data recovery in case of system problems.
Example: Set up a regular database backup task.
mysqldump -u username -p dbname > backup.sql
5. Network Security
Protect the network environment of the database server and restrict remote access to the database. Use firewalls and network isolation to avoid unauthorized access.
Example: Configure firewall rules for a database server.
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j DROP
6. Log monitoring
Record database access logs and monitor abnormal activities. Detect suspicious behavior in time and take corresponding measures.
Example: Configure logging for Mysql.
[mysqld]
log-error=/var/log/mysql/error.log
7. Regular updates and bug fixes
Database software is regularly updated and security patches are applied to ensure that the database is free from known vulnerabilities.
Example: Upgrading the database software to the latest version.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade mysql-server