The college entrance examination has ended. For the majority of candidates, it is important to get an ideal score, but it is also important to fill in the college entrance examination volunteers. It determines the learning direction of candidates in the next few years and will also affect the long-term development of candidates' future careers. At present, many provinces such as Beijing, Jiangsu, Henan, Hunan, Hainan, and Gansu have announced the time for voluntary filling in the college entrance examination. More provinces began to fill out volunteers on June 26 and 27.
Before that, candidates need to consider in advance what major to study, which city to go to, which school to choose, and so on.
The purpose of university study is for employment after a few years. In order to help candidates reduce the pressure in this regard, some parents tend to support them to directly apply for the "allocation" school and become public-funded normal students, public-funded medical students or military students, etc. , Generally, after graduation, they will be "iron rice bowls".
Of course, the number of places in these schools is very limited, and more candidates will choose to study in a city they like or a university they yearn for, or choose their dream major.
There are also some candidates who may not be so lucky. They are forced to transfer or drift with the crowd and enter relatively unpopular colleges or majors.
The information about voluntary reporting is complicated. In this article, we mainly provide some application information for majors related to the chip industry for reference by candidates of science and engineering. We hope that everyone can make the best use of the college entrance examination scores obtained by "studying hard in the cold window".
★ The road to chip breakout is difficult
Chips are the "food" of modern technology and the foundation of high-tech development. From ships, aerospace, vehicles, to remote controls, mobile phones, TVs, dishwashers, and sweepers in our lives, as long as they are automated electronic equipment, Almost all chips are used. In the future, beautiful life scenarios such as artificial intelligence, smart cars, and the Internet of Things will also be inseparable from chips.
In the past few years, there have been frequent news about top students in the college entrance examination studying chip-related majors and determined to contribute to the country. my country's chips have been "stuck" by Western countries for a long time, and their development has been restricted everywhere. The road to breaking the situation is very difficult. Seeing the top scorer in the college entrance examination with family and country feelings resolutely choose the road of "making chips for the country", people can't help but feel awe.
Picture source Weibo screenshot
Of course, in addition to personal efforts, our country has also introduced a number of favorable policies for this industry.
In September 2014, the first phase of the National Fund was established, and in October 2019, the second phase of the National Fund was registered and established, investing in leading companies and characteristic investment companies in the integrated circuit industry chain.
In 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Education conducted project review and selection of the National Integrated Circuit Industry-Education Integration Innovation Platform declared by some central universities, and established the National Integrated Circuit Industry-Education Integration Innovation Platform in four universities including Tsinghua University, Peking University, Fudan University, and Xiamen University , In 2021, 4 more colleges and universities will be added to the list, which shows the country's determination to support the integrated circuit industry.
In January 2021, the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and the Ministry of Education issued a notice clarifying that the category of "interdisciplinary disciplines" was set up, and the first-level disciplines of "Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering" and "National Security Studies" were established under this category. To cultivate innovative talents to meet the urgent needs of industrial development.
In April last year, Tsinghua University also established the "School of Chips" (School of Integrated Circuits); in July of the same year, Peking University and Huazhong University established the School of Chips (School of Integrated Circuits of Peking University and School of Integrated Circuits of Huazhong University of Science and Technology).
★ Semiconductor industry salaries are far ahead
Although there is no lack of negative news on the Internet about "school recruitment in the IC industry is cold and not as popular as in previous years", "fresh graduates have no experience and it is difficult to get an offer", etc., the disbandment of the 3,000-person engineer team in the Zheku incident some time ago is deeply touching. regret. But please believe that in the current market environment, semiconductors are still at the forefront of the development industry with high salaries. In the long run, semiconductors will be the focus of my country's future development.
Some time ago, Zhaopin released the "Chinese Enterprise Recruitment Salary Report" for the first quarter of 2023. Among them, by industry, the average recruitment salary in the electronic technology/semiconductor/integrated circuit industry was 11,844 yuan, ranking second .
Source: Zhaopin
In terms of occupation, chip engineers ranked first in the occupation list with an average salary of 25,599 yuan in the first quarter of this year. Whether it is due to the pursuit of family and country feelings or the desire for high salary, semiconductors are very worthy of everyone's energy to learn and struggle.
Source: Zhaopin
★ Chip-related professional introduction
So, which majors can candidates who want to enter the development of the chip industry choose to study in universities?
In fact, there are many subdivision directions in the chip industry. Chip design is a popular direction in recent years. It is usually divided into analog front-end design, analog layout design, digital front-end design, digital back-end design, digital DFT design, digital verification and other positions. , we can see that the talent requirements for these positions on many recruitment websites are "microelectronics, integrated circuit related majors".
Specifically, electronics-related majors such as integrated circuit design and integrated systems, microelectronics science and engineering, electronic information science and technology, electronic information engineering, optoelectronic information science and engineering, microelectronics and solid-state electronics, and information engineering are relatively good. s Choice.
1. Integrated circuit design and integrated system
Integrated circuit design and integrated system is an undergraduate major of ordinary colleges and universities, which belongs to the major of electronic information. System package design, multi-chip component design and microelectronics process technology, electronic design and other aspects of knowledge. Graduates of this major should master a foreign language proficiently, have strong analysis, solve theoretical and practical problems and computer application capabilities, and be able to engage in scientific research, teaching, technology development, production management and administration in integrated circuit design and integrated systems and related fields management etc.
Main courses: "Semiconductor Physics", "Computer Principles and System Design", "Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Technology", "Fundamentals of Radio Frequency Circuits", "Analog Integrated Circuit Design", "Advanced Digital System Design", "Integrated Circuit Layout Design" , "Hardware Description Language", "Embedded System Principles", "Integrated Circuit Technology", "Electronic Circuit Computer Aided Design", "Integrated Circuit Design EDA Technology", etc.
2. Microelectronics Science and Engineering
Microelectronics science and engineering is an emerging discipline developed on the basis of physics, electronics, material science, computer science, integrated circuit design and manufacturing, and ultra-clean, ultra-pure, and ultra-fine processing technologies. It mainly studies semiconductors. Device physics, functional electronic materials, solid-state electronic devices, ultra-large-scale integrated circuit (ULSI) design and manufacturing technology, micro-mechanical electronic systems, and computer-aided design and manufacturing technology, etc.
Main courses: "Advanced Mathematics", "University Physics and Experiment", "Basic Circuit Analysis and Experiment", "Analog Circuit and Experiment", "Methods of Mathematical Physics", "Digital Circuit and Experiment", "Signal and System and Experiment" , "Semiconductor Physics and Experiments", "Solid State Electronics", etc.
3. Electronic information technology and technology
The major of electronic information science and technology is a wide-caliber major, including two contents of electronic science and technology and information science and technology. The learning content involves the three major knowledge blocks of electronics, information technology and computer. Some colleges and universities involve three directions in their training directions. , such as wireless communication, image transmission and processing, information electronics technology, etc., and some institutions cover two professional directions, such as communication and electronic systems and signal and information processing.
Main courses: "Electronic Science and Technology", "Computer Science and Technology", "Electronic Circuit", "Digital Logic Circuit", "Signal and System", "Nonlinear Electronic Circuit", "Digital Signal Processing", "Computer Composition Principles", "Principles of Modern Communications", etc.
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Finally, the list and distribution of the 28 exemplary microelectronics colleges and universities are attached, and I hope everyone successfully lands!
Beijing: Tsinghua University, Peking University, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing University of Technology
Shanghai: Fudan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Tongji University
Nanjing: Southeast University, Nanjing University
Shenzhen: Southern University of Science and Technology
Xi'an: Xidian University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Northwestern Polytechnical University
Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, University of Science and Technology of China
Hangzhou: Zhejiang University
Guangzhou: Sun Yat-sen University, South China University of Technology
Tianjin: Tianjin University
Dalian: Dalian University of Technology
Jinan: Shandong University
Fuzhou: Fuzhou University
Xiamen: Xiamen University
Changsha: National University of Defense Technology