foreword
As a Linux developer, have you ever been asked the same question by an interviewer or direct leader, that is "what version of Linux do you use", because developers sometimes care more about business-related logic and often ignore these questions , causing the interviewer or the leader to think that your ability is not good. In order to solve this problem, I will take you to briefly understand the concepts related to the Linux kernel.
Linux kernel version number
The first way:
The version number of Linux is divided into two parts, the kernel version and the release version. The kernel version number consists of three numbers ABC
| A: Kernel major version number | will change if there are major changes |
|---|---|
| B: Kernel minor version number | Even numbers represent stable releases; odd numbers represent development releases |
| C: kernel revision number | Minor revisions, security patches; bug fixes, etc. |
The second way: major.minor.patch-build.desc
major: major version number, changed only when there is a structural change minor: minor version number, changed only when new functions are added, generally an odd number indicates a test version, and an even number indicates a production version patch: number of patch packages or revision times of a minor version build: compilation ( or builds), each compilation may optimize or modify a small number of programs, but generally there are no major (controllable) functional changes. desc: The special information of the current version, which is specified at compile time, and has a large degree of randomness. The following signs are commonly used: rc (or r), which means the release candidate version (release candidate), and the number after rc means The candidate version of the official version, in most cases, the larger the number among the candidate versions, the closer to the official version. smp stands for Symmetric MultiProcessing (Symmetric MultiProcessing). pp, commonly used in Red Hat Linux to represent the test version (pre-patch). EL is used in Red Hat Linux to represent Enterprise Linux (Enterprise Linux). mm, indicates a version specially used to test new technologies or new functions. fc means Fedora Core in Red Hat Linux.
How to check the kernel version number
There are many ways to check the kernel version The most commonly used instructions
1、uname -a
[root@bogon ~]# uname -a Linux bogon 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@bogon ~]# uname -r 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
2、cat /proc/version
[root@bogon ~]# cat /proc/version Linux version 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016
described as follows:
Version number 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
| 3 | major version number |
|---|---|
| 10 | This version number, currently the stable version |
| 0 | revision number |
| 514 | Indicates the patch version of the release |
| el7 | The kernel is a dedicated kernel for RedHat or Centos distribution |
| x86_64 | Indicates that an 84-bit CPU is used |
Linux distribution
The distribution version is different from the kernel version, which belongs to the Linux kernel + GUN tools and libraries, etc. The installation software of different distribution versions is packaged in different ways. The most direct feeling is that when the software package is installed by default, Centos uses rpm or yum , while Ubuntu uses apt-get or apt
Based on Dpkg (Debian system)
The most well-known of these is the Debian-based desktop version (Ubuntu)
Debian is completely maintained by the community, and its characteristics are: it emphasizes the "free" open source concept. It has many derivative distributions (such as Ubuntu), forming a large family. Among the many families of Linux, the Debian family has the most software packages
Based on RPM (Red Hat system)
The most well-known of these is the RPM-based Centos
Centos is developed based on RedHat. Since the source code of Redhat is public, people in the CentOS project use it to compile it by themselves. The same code and the same compiler will naturally compile the same thing. It's just that the Redhat logo and corresponding information are deleted, and the core management tool is still rpm. It just uses a free package manager yum (yellow dog update manager) to replace up2date in Redhat. The up2date update is connected to Redhat. For fee-paying service sites, the service code bought through money is certified.
other
Because there are too many Linux distributions, you can learn more about them according to the following figure
The above is a summary of the concept of the Linux version. If someone asks you about the Linux version in the future, will you be more confident?
Learn the new by reviewing the past. I am sorting out some basic knowledge of Linux recently. If you are interested, don’t forget to pay attention.
WeChat public account: TouTalk