High-standard farmland construction in Jiangsu National Rice Seed Core China Rice Festival: Approval of New Varieties in Changzhou
(Xu Lei Yin Qi) Changzhou Daily Wujin District Financial Media Center/Editor Shi Jiejing/Xu Jinji News China News Editing Network China News Editing Network Planning Research China Think Tank Network China Farmers Harvest Festival International Trade Promotion Association National Rice Seed Core China Rice Festival China Sannong Think Tank Network-Functional Agriculture·Agricultural Great Health Conference Report: Food security is "the biggest thing in a country", and seeds are the key to food security. According to the news from the Functional Agriculture·Agricultural Great Health Conference and the International Trade Promotion Association for Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival: Recently, the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued an announcement on the approval of major crops. "No. 1" won the first place in the evaluation of the taste quality of high-quality rice varieties in Jiangsu Province.
Six new rice varieties in Wujin, Changzhou passed the approval of Jiangsu
"Yangzhou Wheat Wujin Rice", rice breeding has always been a shining golden signboard of Wujin. The six new rice varieties approved this time are all produced by the Jiangsu (Wujin) Rice Research Institute. As a grassroots agricultural scientific research unit, Jiangsu (Wujin) Rice Research Institute has successively cultivated 89 high-quality and high-yielding new rice varieties over the years, which have been promoted and applied for more than 430 million mu times, and the rice production has increased by more than 13 billion kilograms, which has contributed to increasing grain production and farmers. Contribute to income increase. This year, our district has planted a total of 58,200 mu of rice, with an estimated yield of 639 kg per mu.
"The new rice varieties approved this time not only have high yield, but also have high quality and good disease resistance." Zhu Banghui, deputy director of the Jiangsu (Wujin) Rice Research Institute, introduced that the new rice varieties that have passed the approval are: medium-maturing medium-japonica rice The early-maturing varieties "Wuxiangjing 7218" and "Wuyujing 919"; the late-maturing medium-japonica rice early-maturing variety "Yingxiang 1"; the early-maturing late-japonica rice variety "Wuxiangjing 100"; with large yield potential, they are suitable for growing along the Yangtze River and Jiangsu province. "Wuyunjing 962" planted in the southern region and "Nianyu 7276" which is a semi-waxy japonica rice variety with strong lodging resistance and good taste.
In the next stage, the Jiangsu (Wujin) Rice Research Institute will devote itself to the popularization and application of these new high-yield, high-quality, and disease-resistant rice varieties, effectively boosting the quality and efficiency of grain production in Wujin District, so as to secure the "golden rice bowl" of food security.
Harvest of 2-meter giant rice in Changzhou Xinbei is in sight
The "dream of enjoying the cool under the grass" is expected to become a reality in Menghe Town, Xinbei District. National Rice Seed Core·China Rice Festival event site, on October 9, in the town's 200-acre giant rice test field, groups of ducks appeared and disappeared in groups of three and four. This batch of giant rice was transplanted in May this year, and it is heading now, and it is expected to be harvested in the middle and late next month.
According to measurements, the giant rice plants are strong and straight, with a height of 1.8-2.2 meters, which is twice as high as that of conventional rice planted nearby, and the yield per mu is expected to be nearly double that of conventional rice. Hu Yankai, a rice manager, pulled out a rice plant and counted it carefully: a conventional rice has more than 20 tillers on average, and a giant rice can have more than 80 tillers at most, and the highest number of solid grains per panicle is about 600.
Hu Yankai introduced that the giant rice was jointly developed by Yuan Longping's team and Xia Xinjie's researcher team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Institute of Subtropical Agroecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences provided technical solutions and assigned special personnel to manage it. It is reported that giant rice is developed on the basis of the existing excellent rice provenance, using a series of biological genetic breeding technologies such as mutant screening, indica and japonica subspecies, and wild rice distant hybridization.
There are three advantages. First, the stalks are thick, suitable for sparse planting, longer growth period, and deep inundation. It can provide a good habitat for frogs, fish, loach, ducks and other paddy farming animals. Through the "co-cropping" method, Greatly improve ecological and economic benefits; second, it has properties such as salt-alkali resistance, flooding resistance, and better resistance to diseases and insect pests; third, it has a huge biomass, and can produce 3 to 5 tons of straw per mu. After the straw is treated Livestock can be raised, which can partially solve the problem of the shortage of forage grass in my country and require a large amount of imports, and further increase the added value at the same time.
The rice has been successfully planted in many places in my country, including seaside saline-alkali lands in traditional rice-growing areas such as Hunan, Hubei, and Guangxi, Guangdong, and barren soils transformed from drought to water.
The rice planting area is 944,000 mu, and the expected yield per mu is 627.9 kg. It is learned from the Municipal Agricultural Commission that this year Changzhou City has a rice planting area of 944,000 mu, with an estimated yield of 627.9 kg per mu, an increase of about 10.5 kg over the previous year. According to preliminary statistics from the municipal agricultural department, as of November 15, 866,000 mu of rice had been harvested in Changzhou, with a completion progress of 92%, 12 percentage points faster than the same period last year; 500,000 mu of wheat had been harvested in Changzhou, with a completion progress of 81%, compared with 50 percentage points faster than the same period last year.
According to Ji Meidi, the production of autumn grains this year mainly reflects the characteristics of four aspects: First, the area of high-quality edible rice varieties has expanded rapidly, such as Nanjing 5055, Ningjing 8, Nephrite, Nanjing 9108, Wuyunjing 2845 and other high-quality varieties The planting area reached 280,000 mu, an increase of nearly 200,000 mu over the previous year; second, the level of agricultural mechanization continued to improve, and the area of machine-transplanted rice seedlings expanded steadily. The area of machine-transplanted rice seedlings in Changzhou reached 820,000 mu, accounting for 87% of the rice planting area; The adjustment of the planting structure has been promoted in an orderly manner, and the area of green and efficient forms such as the combination of rice field planting and breeding has gradually expanded.
In previous years, our city has implemented a combination of planting and breeding in paddy fields such as crab farming, rice-duck co-cultivation, and paddy-field shrimp farming, with an area of 16,300 mu, an increase of 10,000 mu over the previous year; the fourth is the in-depth development of green, high-yield, high-efficiency and innovative rice cultivation. , Changzhou City has established a total of 33 green, high-yield and high-efficiency rice demonstration films, which have played a role in demonstration and mobilization.
Changzhou National Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery Harvest Award
Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs announced the awards for the 2019-2021 National Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery Harvest Awards. Three agricultural technology promotion personnel and agricultural entrepreneurs in Changzhou City won the Agricultural Technology Promotion Contribution Award, and 8 projects participated by 9 enterprises and institutions won the The first, second and third prizes of the Agricultural Technology Promotion Achievement Award. The 3 agricultural technology extension contribution awards (individuals) in Changzhou are: Zhu Banghui from Jiangsu (Wujin) Rice Research Institute, Li Wei from the Rural Work Bureau of Xixiashu Town, Xinbei District, and Xia Ankou from Liyang Tianmu Lake Agricultural Development Co., Ltd.
The "Integration and Application of Pond Efficient Ecological Breeding Equipment Technology" project jointly participated by Jintan District Aquatic Technology Promotion Center and Jintan District Agricultural Mechanization Technology Promotion Center won the first prize of the Agricultural Technology Promotion Achievement Award; Ecological and efficient rice production technology model and rice brand development in the Taihu Lake area of Jiangsu” project, “Promotion and Application of New Varieties of Characteristic Flowers and Integrated Technology” project participated by Wujin District Agricultural Comprehensive Management Service Center, Liyang Zhongnan Chemical Co., Ltd. “Wheat scab and Its toxin control technology integration and promotion" project, etc.
And Changzhou Hongbao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. "Jiangsu Vegetable Tea Green and Efficient Fertilization Technology Integration and Promotion" project, Changzhou Yameike Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd. participated in the "Green Light Simplified and Efficient Production Technology Integration and Promotion of Cabbage Vegetables" project Won the second prize of the Agricultural Technology Promotion Achievement Award; the "Jiangsu Tea Garden Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide Reduction and Efficiency Increase Technology Integration and Promotion" project participated by the Jintan District Planting Industry Technology Promotion Center, and the "New Rice Duck Anniversary Comprehensive Planting and Breeding" project participated by the Municipal Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center Model and key technology integration and promotion" project won the third prize of the Agricultural Technology Promotion Achievement Award.
The National Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery Harvest Award is an award given by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs to implement the "Agricultural Technology Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China" in recognition of units and individuals that have made contributions to the promotion of agricultural technology.
Let farmers "take less detours" and make rice "beautiful in shape and delicious"
In the golden autumn of October, on the field, one after another harvester "rumbled" past, and the golden and plump rice jumped up and down to leave the straw; then, the harvester loaded with fruits sent tons of rice into the truck. Carrying the harvest and expectations of the farmers for a year, they drove to the warehouse. The reporter learned that various villages and towns in Changzhou have recently started the autumn harvest. In recent years, through technological innovation and equipment improvement, Changzhou has not only reduced the labor intensity of farmers, but also improved the appearance and eating quality of rice.
Carry out a series of tests and demonstrations of new technologies
Let farmers do farm work more and more easily
The 3,200 mu of rice fields of Liyang Songlin Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative started harvesting on October 5. Founded in August 2011, the cooperative is located in Qingfeng Village, Nandu Town. It is a new professional cooperative integrating high-quality rice ecological planting, brand rice production and processing, and agricultural machinery social services. Among them, Jiangsu Provincial Rice Industry Technology System Integration Innovation Center is located in the core base of the cooperative with an area of 1,280 mu.
Wang Linsong, the president of the cooperative, said that this year, they adopted rice straw substrate tray seedling raising and trayless seedling raising + rice intelligent UAV planting technology + rice side deep one-time application of controlled mixed fertilizer technology, and completed the project with simple and integrated technology. The entire process from seedling raising, planting to fertilization reduces labor time and complicated operating procedures for tedious farming. "After fermenting with the straw substrate, press it into the size of a seedling tray, and then put the seedlings on it. In this way, the nutritional needs of the seedlings can be supplied, and then they can be directly planted. There is no need to cultivate seedling soil and buy seedlings as before. plate;
Next, we installed a satellite navigation and positioning system on the rice transplanter. In this way, operating the rice transplanter is like operating a drone. You can use the remote control to control the direction of the rice transplanter, so that one person can operate multiple machines. After our experiments this year, we found that the planting quality is very good; when it is time to fertilize, a fertilizer box and a fertilizer side-deep fertilization funnel device are installed on the rice transplanter. When the rice transplanter is started, the fertilizer will automatically move down and roll down to the field. The controlled-release fertilizer is placed in the fertilizer box, which can control the release rate. While ensuring the nutritional needs of rice in each growth stage, it reduces the cost and labor of manual fertilization twice. It can be said that through the above-mentioned integrated technologies, farmers will become more and more relaxed. "
At the same time, in order to create high-quality brand rice, the base has tested the precise application technology of high-quality rice panicle fertilizer on 150 mu of rice fields this year. Wang Linsong said that this technology controls variables such as the time and amount of panicle fertilizer application, in order to grow the best quality rice with the least amount of fertilizer and have the most stable yield.
To this end, they carried out a total of 6 kinds of experiments, and compared the conventional panicle fertilizer dosage with half the dosage in different growth stages. "At the beginning of November, when this batch of rice matures, the answer will be revealed. See at what time and how much fertilizer is used, which can not only meet the pursuit of rice quality, but also reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and ensure rice production. This is actually Pave the way for building branded rice, with a brand, rice can be sold at a better price, and farmers' income can be increased." Wang Linsong said.
This year, the cooperative and Yangzhou University jointly carried out a series of tests and demonstrations of the above-mentioned technologies and the introduction, evaluation and demonstration of new high-quality rice varieties, and the creation of high-end and high-quality rice brands, in order to provide a high-quality development for the rice industry in Changzhou and Jiangsu Province. New technologies, new systems, and new models that can be replicated, promoted, and applied on a large scale.
"We conduct experiments and demonstrations through our base, in contrast to traditional agricultural labor, so that more farmers and large grain growers can understand new operating techniques and let them 'less detours'." Wang Linsong said. Over the years, the base has continued to carry out research on the selection and application of high-quality rice varieties in southern Jiangsu, the innovation and demonstration of modern large-scale and standardized seedling raising technology, the research and demonstration of modern rice field fertilization and fertilization technology, and the green, high-quality and efficient mechanized cultivation of rice. Technology integration research and demonstration, etc., have provided strong technical support for the development of rice industry in Liyang City. Accelerate innovation, cultivate good seeds, and benefit the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
New Varieties of Wuzi Series Rice
Over 28 million acres of promotion in 10 years
This year, 10 new varieties of Jiangsu Wujin Rice Research Institute have passed the examination and approval, among which, 3 varieties such as Zhongkendao 100 have passed the national level examination, 5 varieties such as Wuxiangjing 113 have passed the examination and approval of Jiangsu Province, and 2 varieties such as Wuyun 402 have passed the examination and approval Approved by Anhui Province, following the approval of 5 varieties last year, it once again refreshed the record of varieties approved by the institute in one year.
In the new variety cultivation base not far from the Institute, more than 50,000 copies of cultivation materials are planted. Recently, some varieties in the base have entered the harvest stage. Zhu Banghui, deputy director and extension researcher of the institute, said that it usually takes 8-10 years and 6-8 generations to breed a new variety. Therefore, researchers need to travel between Changzhou and Hainan for a long time to shorten the breeding cycle. A few years ago, Wujin Rice Research Institute cooperated with Huazhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., an enterprise centered on molecular breeding and bioinformation technology, to carry out experiments on molecular breeding technology. The rice grown on the breeding base this year has relatively low blast resistance There has been a qualitative improvement before.
Zhu Banghui introduced that molecular breeding technology is to use a set of molecular marker system to select the expected genotype on the genome, and then select the target traits, such as whether it is resistant to rice blast, etc., and then select good ones in the process of gene segregation. Genes, and then through gene introduction and field experiments, the breeding method of cultivating new varieties that meet expectations can help traditional breeding efficiently improve the multi-performance of rice. Zhu Banghui said that the incidence of rice blast is high, which can easily lead to crop failure; and the use of molecular breeding technology can greatly reduce the incidence of rice blast.
In addition, Zhu Banghui said that the appearance quality of rice this year has also been improved, which is specifically reflected in the obvious decrease in the chalkiness of rice (the white and opaque part of the rice endosperm), which makes the rice look more beautiful; the taste is also better than before. Improvement, on the basis of eating elastic, it can make cold rice not hard.
The reporter learned that during the period from 2009 to 2018, all 17 new varieties of Wujin rice passed the examination and approval above the provincial level. Among them, Wuyunjing 23 has become the variety with the largest promotion area in southern Jiangsu in recent years, leading Changzhou's rice yield to rank first in Jiangsu for 13 consecutive years First place; Wuyunjing No. 24 and No. 27 were recognized as super rice varieties by the Ministry of Agriculture; Wuyunjing No. 23, 24 and 27 were rated as "Jiangsu Good Varieties" by Jiangsu Seed Industry Association;
Wuyun Jing 30 won the first prize in the 4th Jiangsu Provincial Japonica Rice Quality Evaluation, and the high-end high-quality soft rice new variety Xiang Nephrite series is even more fragrant, soft and smooth, with excellent taste and rave reviews. In the past 10 years, the new varieties of Wu-type rice have been promoted to more than 28 million mu, and the application range of the varieties covers the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which has produced huge economic and social benefits, and handed over a rich "breeding answer sheet".
"With the development of the economy and the improvement of the quality of life, people have put forward higher requirements for the appearance and taste of rice. The Wujin Rice Institute is also accelerating the pace of innovation. While meeting people's needs, it has cultivated rice suitable for rice. A variety popularized and used on a large scale in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. We have also made a new attempt, that is, to solve the problem that the straw is not easy to return to the field, we are cultivating a low-fiber rice variety. This kind of straw is easier to crush during the process of returning to the field. The adhesion to the soil is better, so that when the straw is returned to the field, it will not affect the planting and growth of the subsequent crops." Zhu Banghui said.
High-standard farmland construction empowers high-quality agricultural development
Food security is "the greatest country". In recent years, Changzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone has focused on consolidating the basic situation of stabilizing grain supply and taking high-standard grain field construction projects as an important starting point to comprehensively launch the "non-grain" rectification of cultivated land and the construction of high-standard farmland. As of the end of June this year, the first phase of the project has completed more than 6,700 mu, and the rice planting has basically been completed without delaying the farming season. The second phase of the project has been fully launched.
To carry out high-standard farmland construction, the key is to solve the problems of land transfer and farmland construction. The Economic and Technological Development Zone issued "Several Policies for Promoting High-quality Agricultural Development in Changzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone", and set up district-level special subsidies for high-standard farmland project construction and land transfer. Policies and town-level financial support, to benefit farmers and escort the high-quality development of agriculture. As the main battlefield of high-standard farmland construction in the whole region, the number of high-standard farmland construction tasks in Hengshanqiao Town and Henglin Town will reach 7,000 mu and 4,500 mu respectively within two years.
High standard farmland
A few days ago, Henglin Town has completed the first phase of a high-standard farmland project covering more than 2,100 mu, involving five natural villages including Diban Village. During the construction period of the project, Henglin Town integrated the construction of high-standard farmland into the construction of beautiful countryside, coordinated the planning of engineering construction and industrial development, and promoted the ecological transformation of farmland irrigation and drainage system on a pilot basis. Diban Village, Henglin Town has comprehensively upgraded the high-standard farmland renovation project, forming an agricultural production system of "land leveling, contiguous areas, complete facilities, and supporting agricultural power", turning more than 500 mu of "grain fields" into high-standard "good fields".
Hengshanqiao Town has completed the first phase of a high-standard farmland project of more than 3,900 mu. Jin Wenhua, director of the Town's Ecological and Rural Work Bureau, said that the transformed high-standard farmland will be uniformly planned and applied by the town and village to attract large growers who understand technology and can operate The town government will strive for more resources and financial support, and go all out to do "field affairs" well.
Roasting at high temperature is the critical period for rice topdressing. On the rice fields of Diban Village, DJI plant protection drones are spreading fertilizer evenly. The grower Wu Jianxing stood in the shade of the field ridge, tapped the screen of the remote control, and the drone began to fertilize and spread materials along the established route. It takes no more than 3 minutes for a drone to take off, refuel, and land on the ground. The 500-acre paddy field can complete the plant protection work in one day.
Remote control drones spread fertilizer
From being able to farm to "wisdom" farming, modern agriculture has been plugged with "technological wings". In the Changzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, it has become the norm to "work with machines" in the fields. A device that looks like a solar panel stands in the field - this is a remote intelligent lure monitoring and reporting device set up by the Agricultural and Rural Work Bureau of the Economic Development Zone. , to provide decision-making information services and data support for the green prevention and control of pests and diseases. "Through the construction of high-standard farmland, the entire land can be planned and organized into pieces, which is more conducive to promoting modernization, mechanization, and intelligent planting, and promoting the efficient and intensive development of agriculture." Liu Guohua, chief of the Agricultural Service Section of the Agricultural and Rural Work Bureau of Changzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone Introduced.
Last year, the Economic and Technological Development Zone formulated and issued the "Three-Year Action Plan for High-quality Agricultural Development in Changzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone (2021-2023)", focusing on intensive, green and efficient industrial positioning, and comprehensively sorting out 28 key tasks in three categories in three years ( project) to set the direction for the high-quality development of agriculture in the region. On the basis of being completed and put into use, a series of modern agricultural technologies are ready to be launched, and will "show their talents" after the high-standard grain fields are fully completed.
The high-standard grain field in Xin'an Village, Hengshanqiao Town, covers an area of about 1,000 mu. At present, the leveling of the cultivated land, the construction of ditches and the sowing of rice have been completed. "Digitalization, intelligence, and wisdom are the future of agriculture. We plan to build this place into a model area of 1,000 mu of modern digital agriculture next year." Jin Wenhua introduced that digital agriculture will bring water collection environment monitoring online, irrigation and drainage automation, and production technology. As a whole, it will drive the development of production technology in surrounding farmland, and promote the application and popularization of modern information and control technology in rice agriculture.
From scattered small land to flat and wide land, high-standard grain fields have become a sought-after "sweet pastry" among farmers. "Building high-standard grain fields, fields into squares, roads into networks, drought-powered irrigation, and flooded drainage can not only facilitate farmers' planting, but also reduce planting costs and increase production." Liu Guohua introduced that by the end of 2023, the whole district will be built with high standards. The total amount of farmland is not less than 12,000 mu, and the cultivation of staple foods such as rice and wheat is guaranteed.
High-standard farmland construction empowers the high-quality development of modern agriculture. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Changzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone will comprehensively promote the strategy of rural revitalization, actively strive to create characteristic brands such as provincial and municipal modern agricultural industrial parks, and provincial rice green high-quality and high-efficiency demonstration areas, and strive to achieve agricultural and rural modernization with economic and development characteristics development path.
High-standard farmland construction in Jiangsu National Rice Seed Core China Rice Festival: Approval of New Varieties in Changzhou