Biu! Flying over the neural world of Alzheimer's patients' brains...beta protein/tua protein/amyloid protein
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. According to data from the International Alzheimer's Association, every 3 seconds, there is a new AD patient in the world. It is estimated that by 2050, AD patients worldwide will increase to more than 150 million. There are at least 300,000 new cases in my country every year, and the current number of patients has exceeded 10 million, accounting for 1/4 of the total population of AD patients in the world, and this number is still rising with the aging of the population. In this issue, we will summarize the latest developments in AD treatment and research for your reference:
The latest research progress on Alzheimer's disease AD (June 2022)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. According to data from the International Alzheimer's Association, every 3 seconds, there is a new AD patient in the world. It is estimated that by 2050, AD patients worldwide will increase to more than 150 million. There are at least 300,000 new cases in my country every year, and the current number of patients has exceeded 10 million, accounting for 1/4 of the total population of AD patients in the world, and this number is still rising with the aging of the population. In this issue, we will summarize the latest developments in AD treatment and research for your reference:
[1] JAD: Alzheimer's disease may lead to changes in small blood vessels in the brain
2022-04-14 report, recently, in a research report entitled "Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Associates with Upregulated Angiopoietin and Downregulated Hypoxia-Inducible Factor" published in the international journal Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, from Scientists at institutions such as the University of Oslo in Norway have studied to clarify whether this leads to more or less angiogenesis, and what role a particular protein plays in such processes.
【2】Scientists develop an experimental Alzheimer's vaccine based on recombinant corn protein
2022-04-14 It was reported that recently, in a study published in "Antioxidants", a research team from the University of Kansas in the United States developed an Alzheimer's disease vaccine made from recombinant corn protein, and showed it in animal models Significant improvements in short- and long-term memory. The research brings scientists one step closer to an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
【3】Nature Structural & Molecular Biology: Progress in research on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
Reported on 2022-04-05, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology published online the latest results completed by Ye Keqiang's team from Shenzhen University of Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (in preparation) and Zhang Zhentao's team from Wuhan University People's Hospital. The study found that the norepinephrine metabolite DOPEGAL covalently modifies the K353 site of Tau protein in the locus coeruleus in the brain, promoting the aggregation of Tau and the dissemination of lesions. This study provides a new perspective for exploring the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
【4】JBC: Identification of a special glycoprotein may be closely related to the occurrence of human Alzheimer's disease
2022-05-31 Report, recently, in a research report entitled "Human brain sialoglycan ligand for CD33, a microglial inhibitory Siglec imposed in Alzheimer's disease" published in the international journal Journal of Biological Chemistry, from Johns Hopkins Scientists at universities and other institutions said through research that they used the brain tissue of five deceased patients with Alzheimer's disease to conduct a "reverse engineering" (reverse engineering) study, and found a special sugar molecule that may It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. If further research can confirm this research finding, this molecule called "glycan" (glycan) may be used as an early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease new targets for treatment and prevention.
[5] PLOS ONE: New Alzheimer's disease biomarkers may facilitate rapid diagnosis of the disease
2022-05-05, recently, in a research report entitled "A possible blood plasma biomarker for early-stage Alzheimer's disease" published in the international journal PLOS ONE, scientists from the United States discovered a new type of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, which may facilitate scientists' rapid diagnosis of the disease. In the article, the researchers discovered a unique ratio of metabolites in blood samples from patients with early Alzheimer's disease, which may be expected to speed up the diagnosis of the disease, so that patients can be treated as early as possible. Researcher Professor Sandra Banack said: "We are very pleased to find that the ratio of two molecules called 2-aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate (aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate) and taurine may help us effectively distinguish between early Alzheimer's disease patients and Alzheimer's disease patients. control patients.
Original: DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267407
[6] Nat Commun: Targeting key signaling pathways in immune cells may be expected to treat human Alzheimer's disease
2022-04-25 report, recently, in a research report entitled "Microglial NF-κB drives tau spreading and toxicity in a mouse model of tauopathy" published in the international journal Nature Communications, from Weill Cornell Medical College in the United States Scientists at institutions such as the National Institutes of Health have found that inhibiting important signaling pathways in the brain's resident immune cells may slow down inflammation in the brain and slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. The findings of this paper are expected to help scientists develop new therapeutic approaches to combat neurodegenerative diseases in humans.
Original: doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29552-6
[7] Another benefit of "good cholesterol"! HDL may protect against Alzheimer's, study reveals
2022-05-12 reported that recently, the Keck School of Medicine from the University of Southern California published a research result entitled "The small HDL particle hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease" in the medical journal Alzheimer's & Dementia (Figure 1). There is also an important link between higher levels of small "good cholesterol" particles in cerebrospinal fluid and a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). That is, these particles may have a protective effect on AD.
[8] Hong Kong University of Science and Technology uses artificial intelligence platform to predict the risk of Alzheimer's disease
According to a report on 2022-05-13, Ye Yuru, chair professor of the Department of Life Sciences of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, said that the school's research team has established an artificial intelligence risk prediction scoring system, which can be used to predict the risk of people suffering from Alzheimer's disease, which will help Early risk screening and disease management.
The center team successfully identified blood protein biomarkers and constructed a specific biomarker combination, which can screen out Alzheimer's patients and evaluate their disease progression stage with just one drop of blood.
[9] Nat Commun: Scientists have discovered a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease!
2022-04-22, recently, researchers from the University of Sherbrooke published a research paper entitled "Staroyl-CoA Desaturase inhibition reverses immune, synaptic and cognitive impairments in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model" on Nat Commun. The role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), a key regulator of fatty acid desaturation, in the pathogenesis of AD was investigated.
【10】Nat Commun: Scientists reveal pathobiological features of Alzheimer's disease
2022-03-27 Report, recently, a research paper entitled "Dissociation of tau pathology and neuronal hypometabolism within the ATN framework of Alzheimer's disease" published on Nat Commun developed a clustering method based on machine learning , to identify mismatches between T and neuronal hypometabolism (NM) in symptomatic patients from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort.
[11] BMJ: These kinds of healthy lifestyles can prolong life by 5 years and prevent Alzheimer's disease
2022-05-19 reported that recently, researchers from Rush University Medical Center in the United States published a research paper entitled: Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy with and without Alzheimer's dementia: population based cohort study in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) . The study shows that people aged 65 and over who have a healthy lifestyle live longer than their peers who do not have a healthy lifestyle. Specifically, a healthy lifestyle increases the life expectancy of women by 3.1 years, and the life expectancy of men by 5.7 years. The brain remains sharp and the risk of Alzheimer's disease is significantly reduced.
Adhere to a MIND diet (a combination of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet), eat more green leafy vegetables, nuts, legumes, whole grains, fish and poultry, cook with olive oil, and limit red meat, butter, cheese, fried foods , fast food and other food);
Maintain cognitive activities such as reading and puzzles;
Exercise at least 150 minutes per week;
do not smoke;
Limit alcohol consumption (no more than 15 grams of alcohol per day for women and 30 grams per day for men);
【12】Nucleic acid therapy: miR-23b-3p is a promising therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease
2022-05-30, recently, researchers from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College published a paper entitled "miR-23b-3p rescues cognition in Alzheimer's disease by reducing tau phosphorylation and Apoptosis via GSK-3b signaling pathways", the findings of this study strongly support the hypothesis that miR-23b-3p plays a neuroprotective role in AD, thus identifying miR23b-3p as a promising therapeutic target for AD.
