Recently, I am learning cuda programming personally, and this post is recorded as an experience.
First, this book is obviously prepared by some students with programming foundation, so many details are skipped, which brings troubles to some of our beginners.
After reading it personally, I suggest that this article can be used as a reference.
CUDA C practice---GPU high-performance programming- Know about
second. A book.h was introduced in the book, which stunned me,
It can probably be seen that it is a custom library file, and its function can be guessed from the name.
Post him right here.
booh.h file
/*
* Copyright 1993-2010 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
* NVIDIA Corporation and its licensors retain all intellectual property and
* proprietary rights in and to this software and related documentation.
* Any use, reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of this software
* and related documentation without an express license agreement from
* NVIDIA Corporation is strictly prohibited.
*
* Please refer to the applicable NVIDIA end user license agreement (EULA)
* associated with this source code for terms and conditions that govern
* your use of this NVIDIA software.
*
*/
#ifndef __BOOK_H__
#define __BOOK_H__
#include <stdio.h>
static void HandleError( cudaError_t err,
const char *file,
int line ) {
if (err != cudaSuccess) {
printf( "%s in %s at line %d\n", cudaGetErrorString( err ),
file, line );
exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
}
}
#define HANDLE_ERROR( err ) (HandleError( err, __FILE__, __LINE__ ))
#define HANDLE_NULL( a ) {if (a == NULL) { \
printf( "Host memory failed in %s at line %d\n", \
__FILE__, __LINE__ ); \
exit( EXIT_FAILURE );}}
template< typename T >
void swap( T& a, T& b ) {
T t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
}
void* big_random_block( int size ) {
unsigned char *data = (unsigned char*)malloc( size );
HANDLE_NULL( data );
for (int i=0; i<size; i++)
data[i] = rand();
return data;
}
int* big_random_block_int( int size ) {
int *data = (int*)malloc( size * sizeof(int) );
HANDLE_NULL( data );
for (int i=0; i<size; i++)
data[i] = rand();
return data;
}
// a place for common kernels - starts here
__device__ unsigned char value( float n1, float n2, int hue ) {
if (hue > 360) hue -= 360;
else if (hue < 0) hue += 360;
if (hue < 60)
return (unsigned char)(255 * (n1 + (n2-n1)*hue/60));
if (hue < 180)
return (unsigned char)(255 * n2);
if (hue < 240)
return (unsigned char)(255 * (n1 + (n2-n1)*(240-hue)/60));
return (unsigned char)(255 * n1);
}
__global__ void float_to_color( unsigned char *optr,
const float *outSrc ) {
// map from threadIdx/BlockIdx to pixel position
int x = threadIdx.x + blockIdx.x * blockDim.x;
int y = threadIdx.y + blockIdx.y * blockDim.y;
int offset = x + y * blockDim.x * gridDim.x;
float l = outSrc[offset];
float s = 1;
int h = (180 + (int)(360.0f * outSrc[offset])) % 360;
float m1, m2;
if (l <= 0.5f)
m2 = l * (1 + s);
else
m2 = l + s - l * s;
m1 = 2 * l - m2;
optr[offset*4 + 0] = value( m1, m2, h+120 );
optr[offset*4 + 1] = value( m1, m2, h );
optr[offset*4 + 2] = value( m1, m2, h -120 );
optr[offset*4 + 3] = 255;
}
__global__ void float_to_color( uchar4 *optr,
const float *outSrc ) {
// map from threadIdx/BlockIdx to pixel position
int x = threadIdx.x + blockIdx.x * blockDim.x;
int y = threadIdx.y + blockIdx.y * blockDim.y;
int offset = x + y * blockDim.x * gridDim.x;
float l = outSrc[offset];
float s = 1;
int h = (180 + (int)(360.0f * outSrc[offset])) % 360;
float m1, m2;
if (l <= 0.5f)
m2 = l * (1 + s);
else
m2 = l + s - l * s;
m1 = 2 * l - m2;
optr[offset].x = value( m1, m2, h+120 );
optr[offset].y = value( m1, m2, h );
optr[offset].z = value( m1, m2, h -120 );
optr[offset].w = 255;
}
#if _WIN32
//Windows threads.
#include <windows.h>
typedef HANDLE CUTThread;
typedef unsigned (WINAPI *CUT_THREADROUTINE)(void *);
#define CUT_THREADPROC unsigned WINAPI
#define CUT_THREADEND return 0
#else
//POSIX threads.
#include <pthread.h>
typedef pthread_t CUTThread;
typedef void *(*CUT_THREADROUTINE)(void *);
#define CUT_THREADPROC void
#define CUT_THREADEND
#endif
//Create thread.
CUTThread start_thread( CUT_THREADROUTINE, void *data );
//Wait for thread to finish.
void end_thread( CUTThread thread );
//Destroy thread.
void destroy_thread( CUTThread thread );
//Wait for multiple threads.
void wait_for_threads( const CUTThread *threads, int num );
#if _WIN32
//Create thread
CUTThread start_thread(CUT_THREADROUTINE func, void *data){
return CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)func, data, 0, NULL);
}
//Wait for thread to finish
void end_thread(CUTThread thread){
WaitForSingleObject(thread, INFINITE);
CloseHandle(thread);
}
//Destroy thread
void destroy_thread( CUTThread thread ){
TerminateThread(thread, 0);
CloseHandle(thread);
}
//Wait for multiple threads
void wait_for_threads(const CUTThread * threads, int num){
WaitForMultipleObjects(num, threads, true, INFINITE);
for(int i = 0; i < num; i++)
CloseHandle(threads[i]);
}
#else
//Create thread
CUTThread start_thread(CUT_THREADROUTINE func, void * data){
pthread_t thread;
pthread_create(&thread, NULL, func, data);
return thread;
}
//Wait for thread to finish
void end_thread(CUTThread thread){
pthread_join(thread, NULL);
}
//Destroy thread
void destroy_thread( CUTThread thread ){
pthread_cancel(thread);
}
//Wait for multiple threads
void wait_for_threads(const CUTThread * threads, int num){
for(int i = 0; i < num; i++)
end_thread( threads[i] );
}
#endif
#endif // __BOOK_H__
When using it, we can turn it into a rating directory like this.
You can import it in your own project.
#include <iostream>
#include "stdio.h"
#include "book.h"
__global__ void add(int a, int b, int *c){
*c = a + b;
}