Android development-Android common components-EditText input box

4.2 EditText (input box)

• EditText input box, inherited from TextView, also inherits its properties
• EditText specific properties:

genus name	illustrate
android:hint	default prompt text
android:textColorHint	The color of the default hint text
android:selectAllOnFocus	Boolean value. After clicking the input box to get the focus, get all the text content in the input box
android:inputType	Limit the data entered
android:minLines	Set the minimum number of rows
android:maxLines	Set the maximum number of lines PS: When the input content exceeds maxline, the text will automatically scroll up! !
android:singleLine	Only allows single-line input without scrolling
android:textScaleX	Set the horizontal interval between words
android:textScaleY	Set the vertical interval between words
android:capitalize (deprecated)	sentences : only the first letter is capitalized; words : the first letter of each word is capitalized, and spaces are used to distinguish words; characters: every English letter is capitalized

• • 　　Text type, mostly uppercase, lowercase and numeric symbols

android:inputType="none"	none
android:inputType="text"	text
android:inputType="textCapCharacters"	character uppercase
android:inputType="textCapWords"	capital letters
android:inputType="textCapSentences"	sentence capitalization
android:inputType="textAutoCorrect"	Text autocorrect
android:inputType="textAutoComplete"	text autocomplete
android:inputType="textMultiLine"	multiline text
android:inputType="textImeMultiLine"	multiline text
android:inputType="textNoSuggestions"	text no suggestion
android:inputType="textUri"	Link
android:inputType="textEmailAddress"	email address
android:inputType="textEmailSubject"	email subject
android:inputType="textShortMessage"	Text Message
android:inputType="textLongMessage"	long message
android:inputType="textPersonName"	person's name
android:inputType="textPostalAddress"	mailing address
android:inputType="textPassword"	password
android:inputType="textVisiblePassword"	visible password
android:inputType="textWebEditText"	Web edit text
android:inputType="textFilter"	text filtering
android:inputType="textPhonetic"	Text Pinyin

• • 　　value type

android:inputType="number"//数字
android:inputType="numberSigned"//数字符号
android:inputType="numberDecimal"//十进制数字
android:inputType="phone"//拨号键盘
android:inputType="datetime"//日期时间
android:inputType="date"//日期键盘
android:inputType="time"//时间键盘

• 设置EditText获得焦点，同时弹出小键盘

edit.requestFocus(); //请求获取焦点
edit.clearFocus(); //清除焦点

• 低版本的系统直接requestFocus就会自动弹出小键盘了稍微高一点的版本则需要我们手动地去弹键盘。
  • 　　第一种：

InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.toggleSoftInput(0, InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS);

• • 　　第二种：

InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE); imm.showSoftInput(view,InputMethodManager.SHOW_FORCED);
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(view.getWindowToken(), 0); //强制隐藏键盘

• EditText光标位置的控制

setSelection();//一个参数的是设置光标位置的，两个参数的是设置起始位置与结束位置的中  间括的部分，即部分选中

示例：

edit_text.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#eeeeee"
    android:padding="10dp">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginTop="40sp"
        android:text="登录界面"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>
    <!--    用户名-->
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="用户名："
            android:textColor="#000000"
            android:textSize="19sp"/>
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/etName"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_weight="4"
            android:text="临易ioup"
            android:hint="请输入用户名"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <!--    密码-->
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="密    码："
            android:textColor="#000000"
            android:textSize="19sp"/>
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/etPassword"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:inputType="textPassword"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_weight="4"
            android:hint="请输入密码"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java:

package com.example.myapplication;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.edit_text);
        EditText editName = findViewById(R.id.etName);
        editName.requestFocus();//设置一个焦点
        editName.setSelection(2);//将焦点定为第二个字后边

    }
}

启动测试：