There are six layers in the blockchain: data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer, and application layer. The first three layers are necessary elements for building blockchain technology, but the last three layers are not necessary elements for every blockchain, and some blockchain applications do not fully include these three layers.
Data Layer/Data Layer
The data layer mainly describes the physical form of the blockchain, which is the chain structure starting from the genesis block on the blockchain, including the block data of the blockchain, the chain structure, and the random number and time on the block Stamps, public and private key data, etc., are the lowest data structures in the entire blockchain technology.
Network Layer/Network Layer
The network layer mainly implements the distributed network mechanism through P2P technology. The network layer includes point-to-point networking mechanism, data dissemination mechanism and data verification mechanism. Therefore, the blockchain is essentially a point-to-point network with an automatic networking mechanism. Communicate between each other by maintaining a common blockchain structure.
Consensus Layer/Consensus Layer
The consensus layer mainly includes consensus algorithms and consensus mechanisms, which allow highly dispersed nodes to efficiently reach a consensus on the validity of block data in a decentralized blockchain network. The governance mechanism of the blockchain community. At present, there are at least dozens of consensus mechanism algorithms, including proof of work, proof of equity, proof of equity authorization, proof of burning, proof of importance, etc.
Incentive layer/Actuator Layer
The incentive layer mainly includes the issuance system and distribution system of economic incentives. Its function is to provide certain incentives to encourage nodes to participate in the security verification work in the blockchain, and to incorporate economic factors into the blockchain technology system to encourage participation in compliance with the rules. Accounting nodes, and punish nodes that do not follow the rules.
Contract Layer/Contract Layer
The contract layer mainly includes various scripts, codes, algorithm mechanisms and smart contracts, which are the basis of blockchain programming. Embed the code into the blockchain or token, realize the smart contract that can be customized, and when certain constraints are met, it can be automatically executed without going through a third party, which is the basis of blockchain detrust .
Application Layer/Application Layer
The application layer of the blockchain encapsulates various application scenarios and cases, similar to applications on computer operating systems, portals on Internet browsers, search engines, electronic malls, or APPs on mobile phones. Technology applications are deployed on Ethereum, EOS, QTUM and landed in real life scenarios. The future programmable finance and programmable society will also be built on the application layer.