UWB communication is also known as carrier-free baseband communication. UWB communication requires very few radio frequency and microwave devices, which can reduce system complexity and cost.
It can be said that low cost, low power consumption, high speed, simple and effective UWB communication is just the ideal wireless communication method that people expect.
UWB (ultra wideband UWB) is a carrier-free communication technology that uses nanosecond to picosecond-level non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data.
UWB short-distance wireless communication, its transmission distance is usually within 10m, using a bandwidth above 1GHz, the communication speed can reach hundreds of Mbit/s or more. It occupies a wide range of spectrum and is suitable for high-speed, short-distance wireless communication.
Since the carrier power transmitted by UWB is relatively small and the frequency range is very wide, UWB has relatively little influence on traditional radio waves. The technical characteristics of UWB show that it has incomparable advantages over traditional narrowband and broadband technologies.
The transmission power of UWB is strictly less than 0.56mW, and the power consumption is only equivalent to one-thousandth of that of a cellular phone, which will not affect the health of the human body, and can greatly extend the service life of the battery.
The transmit power spectral density of the UWB system is very low. In most cases, the power spectral density is lower than the natural electronic noise. It is very difficult to detect the pulse signal from the electronic noise, the probability of being intercepted is small, and the security performance is high.
UWB technology can realize the application of combining the three functions of radar, positioning and communication, and is especially suitable for the requirements of high detection resolution and miniaturization.
UWB positioning is mainly used in indoor high-precision positioning to obtain the location information of people or objects within a certain space range.
It can know the location of key objects (personnel and equipment carrying positioning tags) in real time, accurately record the movement trajectory of key objects, conduct regular inspections of equipment points, and real-time monitoring can also give alarms to dangerous areas and remind visitors and other non-residents. Relevant personnel should not approach the danger zone.
The low transmission power of UWB enables the UWB-based wireless Ad hoc network to coexist with the existing network, save precious spectrum resources, and increase the data rate, thus making the application of large-scale sensor networks possible.
Sensing systems based on UWB technology can improve the resolution of traditional short-range mobile sensors, relying on UWB's high-quality accuracy and ability to distinguish objects.
With the sharp increase in demand for consumer electronics, UWB can better meet people's higher requirements for data transmission.
Focusing on the future, UWB chips will be the most commonly used chips and will be widely used in portable devices such as computers, consumer electronics and mobile terminals.