1. Pop-up message box
To edit the message box, first import tkinter's messagebox, import method: from tkinter.messagebox import *
①A prompt message box pops up: showinfo(title='title', message='content')
②A warning message box pops up: showwarning(title='title', message='content')
③ An error message box pops up: showerror(title='title', message='content')
1 from tkinter.messagebox import * 2 showinfo(title='提示',message='welcome') 3 showwarning(title='提示',message='please input code') 4 showerror(title='提示',message='the code is false')
④A question message box pops up: askquestion(title='title', message='content'), the pop-up message box contains 'Yes' and 'No' buttons, and returns the corresponding string YES and NO values
You can also use askesnocacncel(title='title', message='content') and askesno(title='title', message='content'), but these two return bool values, but the difference is that the former also has a cancel button, the latter does not
Use askretrycancel(title='title', message='content') to pop up a question message box with buttons of 'retry' and 'cancel', returning a bool value
1 ret=askyesnocancel(title='Are you sure?',message='weclome') 2 if ret==True: 3 showinfo(title='提示',message='welcome') 4 elif ret==False: 5 showinfo(title='提示',message='False') 6 else: 7 showinfo(title='提示',message='cancel ' )
1 ret=askyesno(title='Are you sure?',message='weclome') 2 if ret==True: 3 showinfo(title='提示',message='welcome') 4 if ret==False: 5 showinfo(title='提示',message='False')
1 ret=askretrycancel(title='Are you sure?',message='weclome') 2 if ret==True: 3 showinfo(title='提示',message='welcome') 4 if ret==False: 5 showinfo(title='提示',message='False')
2. Create a Windows window
①Import the Tkinter module: from tkinter import *
②Create a window: window object = Tk()
③Display window: window object.mainloop()
④Change the title: window object.title('title')
⑤Set the initial size of the window: window object.geometry('size'), parameter size: width x height (the middle is the letter x, not the multiplication sign)
Set the minimum size of the window: window object.minsize('size'); set the maximum size of the window: window object.maxsize('size'); parameter size: width, height
1 from tkinter import * 2 win=Tk() 3 win.title('mywindows') 4 win.geometry('800x600') 5 win.minsize(400,300) 6 win.maxsize(1440,900) 7 win.mainloop()
3. Label component
①The label component is mainly used to display text or attempts in the window. The creation method is:
label object = Label (main window, text = the text displayed by the label component)
The display method only needs to mobilize the pack() method
②Display picture: Use the bitmap attribute to display the bitmap in the label component. The value of the bitmap is as follows:
| value | specific description |
| error | error icon |
| hourglass | Hourglass icon |
| info | information icon |
| questhead | Question avatar icon |
| question | question icon |
| warning | warning icon |
| gray12 | Grayscale background icons |
| gray25 | Grayscale background icons |
| gray50 | Grayscale background icons |
| gray75 | Grayscale background icons |
③Custom image: use image and bm attributes
④Set the front and background colors: use the fg attribute to set the foreground color, the bg attribute to set the background color, and the value of bg is the uppercase string of the color word
⑤Other common attributes:
| Attributes | specific description |
| width | width |
| height | high |
| compound | Specifies how text and images are displayed on the label. The default value is Nnone. When image/bitmap is specified, the text will be overwritten. The values are as follows left: the image is on the left; right: the image is on the right; top: the image is on the top; bottom: the image is on the bottom; center: the text is overlaid on the image |
| waplength | Specify how many units to start wrapping |
| justify | Specify the alignment of multiple lines, you can use LEFT or RIGHT |
| ahchor | Specifies the text or image in the label e, vertical center, horizontal right w, vertical center, horizontal left n, vertical top, horizontal center s, vertical bottom, horizontal center ne, vertical top, horizontal right se, vertical bottom, horizontal right sw, vertical bottom, horizontal left nw, vertical top, horizontal left center is centered vertically, centered horizontally |
1 from tkinter import* 2 win=Tk() 3 win.title('mywindows') 4 lb=Label(win,bitmap='error') 5 lb.pack() 6 bm=PhotoImage(file='C:\\Users\\cai\\Desktop\\tp.png') 7 lb2=Label(win,image=bm) 8 lb2.bm=bm 9 lb2.pack() 10 lb3=Label(win,fg='RED',bg='BLUE',text='color') 11 lb3.pack() 12 win.mainloop()
四、Button组件
①用于在窗口中显示按钮，按钮上可以显示文字或者图像，创建语法如下;
Button 对象=Button(窗口对象，text=‘ ’，command=‘单击按钮所调用的’)
②属性
| 属性 | 具体说明 |
| image、bm | 自定义Button显示图片 |
| height | 高度 |
| width | 宽度 |
| bitmap | 指定按钮上个显示的位图 |
| bd | 设置按钮边框大小 |
| wraplength | 指定多少单位后换行，用于多行显示文本 |
| bg | 背景色 |
| fg | 前景色 |
| state | 设置组件状态，取值：NORMAL(正常)，ACTIVE(激活），DISABLED(禁用) |
| compound | 与label一样 |