What is a building intelligent integrated system, from Baidu Encyclopedia: Integrate building intelligent systems with different functions through a unified information platform to form a system with comprehensive functions such as specific information collection, resource sharing, and optimized management.
It can be seen that its main function is to integrate the data of the subsystem, and calculate and manage it. It may also be called a BMS system in the industry. Which subsystems need to be integrated? There are no exact requirements here, which ones are integrated in the actual application buildings. Office building type buildings, BAS, FAS, access control, video, elevator, are usually required, fully equipped with lighting, air conditioning billing, media, etc., and super high-rise buildings will also have uncommon systems such as wind damping.
Then some people will say that since there are various subsystems, and resources are being monitored and managed, what else do I need BMS to do, and integrate it again at the upper level of the subsystem, isn't it superfluous? The more systems there are, the greater the probability of problems? I know that many people in the industry have this view. In fact, the main value of BMS is:
1. Integrate and manage the data of all subsystems through a unified interface, which is convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to switch and view between different subsystems.
2. Complete the soft linkage between different subsystems, which can coordinate and control resources through multiple subsystems, and achieve the linkage of alarms. The editor thinks this is the most meaningful. Suppose there is a fire in a building, and an abnormality is found through the FAS temperature sensing device. At this time, the air conditioning equipment and lighting equipment need to be turned off, so how to quickly find and do it? Woolen cloth? Going through a BMS is nothing but the only suitable option.
To achieve energy monitoring, resource control, and timely detection of dangers, BMS is essential in an intelligent system. So how is the BMS integrated, and what is its internal structure? Here Xiaobian introduces the general architecture of BMS. First look at the architecture diagram:
It can be seen from this figure that the BMS acts to integrate the subsystems below and display it to the end user.
We then introduce the modules one by one:
1. Data collection center.
Collect data from the subsystem and send the changed data to the data analysis service. How to collect data?
通常业界的监控系统都支持OPC接口，OPC是一个工业标准，基于微软的OLE(现在的Active X)、COM （部件对象模型）和DCOM （分布式部件对象模型）技术。OPC包括一整套接口、属性和方法的标准集。用OPC集成非常方便。
如果子系统不支持OPC接口，则需要在采集中心做一层转化，一般的接口方式包括串口，TCP，SNMP等，这和子系统厂家的产品有关。
2. 数据分析服务
管理系统的数据处理，如实时数据的处理、历史数据的存储以及报警处理，可以认为是实时数据的一个处理中心，这里有所有的点表的点以及对应最新的点数据。子系统之间的软联动也在此进行。
需要注意的是，实时数据在这里进行分析和缓存，那么由于监控系统对数据的实时性要求很高，所以这里不能把数据落地，所有监控数据均需要进行缓存。可能读者会质疑内存大小是否能满足超高层的建筑需要，以小编举例的系统为例，一共点数是12万，一个点我们算0.5K大小（实际远远没有），那么一共大小是58.3M，当前主流服务器内存是绝对够的。
该部件是怎么实现软联动的呢？首先，当一个监控点达到了报警限，数据分析服务监控到了，就会根据用户定义的联动脚本，控制其他相关的监控点。其支持触发形式的脚本编辑和执行功能。
3. 历史数据库
在数据分析服务还需要把历史数据落地，历史数据库需要根据客户的需要来决定其应该采用的技术。量小，分析需求少的情况，可以考虑SQLServer，Oracle，反之，则需要考虑Hadoop分布式存储计算了。
4. 数据分流中心
提供数据传输，将实时数据传递给页面展示。这里的实现多种多样，还是要根据业务特性的不同。小编对mochiweb这种尤为感兴趣，但是当前大多系统是通过ActiveX控件方式展示监控数据，所以数据分流中心是通过COM来传递数据至界面的。
5. WEB服务
监控数据的展示。
6. 系统管理中心
这里主要有两个功能，一是用户和权限的管理，二是点表的管理，管理监控系统需要的点表，并将点表存入DB，数据分析服务启动时，就加载存入的点表。大多系统提供了动态修改的功能，管理中心是可以动态修改数据分析服务里正在运行的点表的，数据分析服务提供了动态修改的接口。
建筑智能化集成系统的价值在于集成，设计的核心也围绕着集成。稳定性，实时性，扩展性等要求均来自于此。回到其定义，能够针对任何系统做到无缝衔接，将数据统一管理，并针对监控数据挖掘最大的价值，BMS必然会有更多的重视。