1. The birth of Uduntu
Ubuntu is a Linux operating system based on desktop applications. Its name comes from the word "ubuntu" in Zulu or Hausa in southern Africa, which means "humanity" "I exist because of everyone's existence". It is Africa A traditional value.
Buntu Linux is a Debian Linux-based operating system founded by South African Mark Shuttleworth (Mark Shuttleworth). The first version of Ubuntu (Ubuntu 4.10 Warty Warthog) was announced in October 2004. Ubuntu is suitable for laptops, desktop computers and servers, especially for desktop users to provide a perfect experience. Ubuntu almost includes all commonly used application software: word processing, email, software development tools and Web services. Users download, use, and share the Ubuntu system, as well as obtain technical support and services, without paying any licensing fees.
2. iso image
It can be downloaded from the official domestic mirror website.
Click here to jump.
Left click 20.4/
right click, 914m and 3g. Save link as...
here is prepared in advance. The left is desktop, and the right is minimized.
3. Create a new virtual machine
3.1 Open VNware, right click to run as management
Click the file in the upper left corner, and then create a new virtual machine. Typical recommended installation is recommended.
Click Next.
3.2 Install the system later
Here choose to install the operating system later.
Click Next.
Here, the client system selects Linux, and the version selects Ubuntu 64-bit.
Click Next.
3.3 Name the virtual machine and select the file directory of the virtual machine
The name of the virtual machine to be created, and the folder in which it is placed, are in accordance with everyone's habits.
Click Next.
3.4 Specify Disk Capacity
According to the performance of your host, choose the size of the disk, where the disk is 20g.
The maximum disk size is 20g.
Click step by step.
3.5 Finish creating a virtual machine
Click on custom hardware.
3.6 Mount iso
Device status, click Connect at startup, and click Close. For network installation.
Select all virtualization engines and click OK.
3.7 Firmware type
Select the virtual machine, right-click and select settings
Select an option,
click Advanced, and select UEFI as the firmware type.
Note: The difference between UEFI and BIOS.
1. UEFI is a so-called "firmware", which is responsible for hardware startup and detection when booting, and acts as an intermediary when the operating system controls the hardware.
2. Compared with BIOS, 99% of UEFI encoding is done by C language.
3. UEFI changes the previous interrupt and hardware port operation method, and adopts the new method of Driver/protocol.
4. UEFI will not support X86 real mode, and will directly use Flat mode (that is, DOS can no longer be used. Now some EFI or UEFI can be used because of compatibility, but in fact this part is not defined by UEFI).
5. UEFI output is no longer a simple binary code, it is changed to Removable Binary Drivers.
6. OS startup is no longer calling Int19, but directly using protocol/device Path.
7. For third-party development, BIOS basically cannot do it unless it participates in the design of BIOS, but it is also limited by the size of ROM, while UEFI is much more convenient.
8. UEFI makes up for the lack of BIOS support for new hardware.
3. The significant difference from BIOS is that UEFI uses a modular, C-style parameter stack transfer method, and a dynamic link to build a system. It is easier to implement than BIOS, and has stronger fault tolerance and error correction features, thus shortening Time of system development. More importantly, it runs in 32-bit or 64-bit mode, breaking through the addressing capabilities of traditional 16-bit codes and reaching the maximum addressing capability of the processor. This move overcomes the drawbacks of slow BIOS code running.
3.8 Check hardware
Check whether the iso is mounted, whether the connection is started, and whether the firmware type is UEFI.
4. Undressed Ubuntu
4.1 Select a virtual machine and click to start the virtual machine.
4.2 Carry out safety inspections
start installation.
4.3 Choose language
The language is English.
Press the Enter key.
4.4 Select keyboard
Choose a US keyboard.
When the cursor is on done, press Enter directly.
4.5 Selection of network card
Choose Continue without network, and then press Enter.
4.6 Enter the address of the agent
Address is not needed here, select done and press Enter.
4.7 Enter the download address of the domestic mirror
Do not choose the official mirror download address because the internet speed is very slow.
Here is changed to a domestic mirror, taking 163 as an example.
In addition, the website of Alibaba Cloud is:
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu
Select done and press Enter.
4.8 Storage activation
By default, select done and press Enter.
4.9 Storage space
By default, select done and press Enter.
Choose Countinue.
4.10 Enter ordinary users and their passwords
Set the user name, the slave name is the same as the virtual machine name, and the username is bass. The password is 123.
Select done and press Enter.
4.11 SSH required
Press the enter key, ssh is required, select done, and press the enter key.
4.12 Wait for the installation to complete
Wait patiently. If you wait more than 15 minutes, change the address of the Alibaba Cloud image file.
Select Reboot Now and press Enter.
4.13 An error is reported after the VM restarts after installing Ubuntu
as follows.
The solution to the error:
close the client, edit the virtual machine settings, and cancel the "Connect at startup." in the CD/DVD item.
Then turn on the virtual machine.
4.14 Perform security checks on virtual machines
4.15 Enter account and password
4.16 Check if the installation is successful
ll, check whether the file is normal, as above, Uduntu is successfully installed.
4.17 Set root password
Switch to the root user and see if the setup is successful.
If # appears, it is the root user.
At this point, Uduntu is successfully installed.
5. Network configuration
5.1 Edit virtual network editor
Select VMnet8 and change the subnet IP to the specific requirements of the problem. Here is 172.25.0.0 as an example.
Cancel the use of the local DHCP service to assign IP addresses to virtual machines.
Then click, NAT settings, write gateway.
The gateway uses 172.25.0.254 as an example.
5.2 Check if there is a network card
Select the virtual machine and right-click settings.
See if there is a network adapter, or network card for short.
5.3 View network card name and dns
5.3.1 View the name of the network card
ip a
5.3.2 View dns
Enter the command in the prompt window, the ipconfig/all
network cable connection looks at the dns of the Ethernet, and the wifi connection looks at the dns of the wireless local area.
5.4 Enter the configuration file
cd /etc/netplan
ll
5.5 Write configuration file
5.6 Restart the network and check whether the configuration is successful
ping the IP address of the virtual machine
ping gateway
Ping the external network At
this point, the Ubuntu network configuration is successful.