[Detail] Build hexo blog and deploy Alibaba Cloud server

I recently purchased Alibaba Cloud's cloud server and domain name, and set up a blog by myself. Here I will share the record of the construction process.

This is the blog I set up . Welcome everyone to visit! ! !

1. Local computer

1.1 Install node.js

The browser enters the official website of NodeJS and installs the LTS (Long Term Support) version, which is stable.

Press win+Rand hold , enter cmd, enter the cmd command line tool, enter to node -vview the node version,

If the version information appears, the node installation is successful.

1.2 Install hexo

Enter in the cmd command line to npm install hexo-cli -ginstall hexo. After completion, enter the hexo -vview version information to confirm that the installation is successful.

• Initialize the root directory

  Create a folder Hexo-Blog, enter the directory in the cmd command line, and enter the hexo initinitial root directory.

  

• Local view

  Input hexo g&&hexo s(generate a static file and start the local server)

  

  Follow the prompts and open it in the browser http://localhost:4000to see the initial blog page.

  

• beautify

Change the style of your blog, beautify, add and delete functions, publish articles, etc., so I won’t introduce it.

Second, buy a domain name

• Buy a domain name

  I purchased lzxjack.topthis domain name on Alibaba Cloud at a discount for student certification .

  

• Domain name registration

  The domain name is bound to a domestic server and must be filed, otherwise it will not be accessible.

  

  

  It took less than 10 days from the submission of the filing information to the approval of the administrative bureau.

• DNS

  Domain name resolution is a service that points the domain name to the website space IP so that people can easily access the website through the registered domain name. An IP address is a digital address that identifies a site on the network. In order to facilitate memory, a domain name is used to replace the IP address to identify the site address.

  

  • In the host record, the wwwrepresentative domain name is added before www., for example www.lzxjack.top, @it means lzxjack.topthat both addresses can access the server
  • The record type Arefers to pointing the domain name to an IPV4address
  • The recorded value is the public IP of the server

Three, server side

3.1 Purchase server

In order to allow other users to access their own blogs on their clients, they need to be deployed on the server, and other users can access the resources on the server by accessing the server’s public IP. If the domain name is bound, you can also access it through the domain name.

Purchased through the Alibaba Cloud Developer Growth Plan轻量应用服务器 . In the choice of the system, as a server system, CentOS is stable and powerful, so the system mirror chooses the CentOS 7.3 version of the Linux system.

3.2 Configure Port

Click on the cloud server management page 防火墙, and then click 添加规则.

To use the HTTP protocol to access the server, you need to monitor port 80 on the server side, because port 80 is the default port number of the server. The Alibaba Cloud server closes port 80 by default, so we need to manually open port 80 for listening. In addition, when configuring Git on the server side, you need to use the SSH protocol to connect locally to the server, and the server needs to monitor port 22, and you need to manually open it.

3.3 Setting up the server environment

This step needs to be completed on the cloud server. The specific method can be remote connection or Xshell client connection.

• Install nginx

1. Switch to root account

sudo su root

2. Need to use nginx as a web server, so we must first install nginx. You can use the yum command to install directly.

yum install -y nginx

3. After the installation is complete, start the nginx server

systemctl start nginx

systemctl enable nginx

• Create blog root directory

  Put the blog page files in the /home/www/website/path, you need to create these files first.

cd /home
mkdir www
cd www
mkdir website

View the created file:

• Configure nginx routing

  After the root directory of the blog is established, you need to point the nginx server to this root directory address to access the blog page, so you need to modify the nginx configuration file.

  Alibaba Cloud's default library download is based on fedora's nginx. After consulting the data, it is found that the default configuration file is located etc/nginx/under nginx.conf.

  View the default configuration file of nginx:

cd ~
cd /etc/nginx
ls

The file nginx.confis the default configuration file.

But instead of directly modifying the nginx configuration file, you create a new folder and write your configuration in the newly created folder . To reuse include, just nginx.confimport the folder in the configuration file . In this way, if there is a new requirement, you only need to add the configuration file of the new requirement in the folder, and the configuration file will not be modified again nginx.conf, which improves efficiency.

Change /etc/nginx/directory and create a folder in this directory vhost:

cd /etc/nginx
mkdir vhost
cd vhost

Enter the vim blog.confnew blog.conffile and edit the content:

  server{
          listen    80;
          root /home/www/website;
          server_name lzxjack.top;
          location /{
          }
  }

Among them, it listenrepresents listening on port 80. rootIt is the root directory of the blog and the address where the page is stored. server_nameIs the server name, fill in the domain name lzxjack.top, and bind the domain name to the root directory of the blog page .

In order to http://www.lzxjack.top/also be able to access the blog page, create a new configuration file wwwblog.confand server_nameset it to www.lzxjack.top:

In this way, /etc/nginx/vhostthere are two configuration files in the directory, blog.confand wwwblog.conf:

Open /etc/nginx/the nginx.conffile in the directory and add the following line of code to import the newly created configuration file. *.confIt means to import vhostall .confthe files with the suffix under the folder . Note: to write in http{}the inside.

include /etc/nginx/vhost/*.conf;

At this point, the configuration of nginx routing is completed, and the domain name and the specified path of the cloud server are bound.

3.4 Install node.js

curl -sL https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | bash -
yum install -y nodejs

Execute after the installation is complete node -vand npm -vif the version number is printed, the installation is successful

Fourth, configure Git

The main purpose of this part is that the local computer can sshconnect to the cloud server through the method, and then the blog can be uploaded to the server through the command line.

4.1 Install Git

yum install git

4.2 Configure Git user

Add a Git user:

adduser git

Modify user permissions:

chmod 740 /etc/sudoers

Open /etc/sudoers:

vi /etc/sudoers

Add the statement at this location:

git ALL=(ALL) ALL

After saving and exiting, change the sudoersfile permissions back to the original:

chmod 400 /etc/sudoers

Set the password of the Git user:

sudo passwd git

Switch to the git user and ~create a .sshfolder in the directory

su git
cd ~
mkdir .ssh
cd .ssh

4.3 Configure Git key

Generate a public key key file:

ssh-keygen

After inputting, press Enter! ! !

At this time, there will be two files in the directory, namely id_rsaand id_rsa.pub, among which id_rsa.pubis the public key file, copy one:

cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

There will be a authorized_keysfile in the directory, modify its permissions:

chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 700 ~/.ssh

The client generates the key:

In the local computer 's CMDcommand-line tool input ssh-keygen -t rsa, press Enter to all! The key will be generated under the user folder of the local computer:

Then, id_rsa.pubcopy the content of the file on the local computer to authorized_keysthe end of the file on the cloud server ! ! ! ! The available methods are:

• Copy content directly
• By Xftpfile transfer tool, the first local computer id_rsa.pubfiles to a location server cloud, the cloud server then on the position execution cat id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keysto

Then we open cmd on the local computer, use the sshmethod to connect to the cloud server, and enter:

ssh -v git@云服务器的公网IP

The last prompt Welcome to Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service !indicates that the login is successful without entering a password , that is, the configuration of the Git key is successful, and there is no need to enter the Git password when updating the blog deployment in the future!

4.4 Create a Git repository

Create a Git repository and create a new post-receivefile

cd ~
git init --bare blog.git
vi ~/blog.git/hooks/post-receive

Enter the following:

git --work-tree=/home/www/website --git-dir=/home/git/blog.git checkout -f

Save and exit and grant executable permissions to the file

chmod +x ~/blog.git/hooks/post-receive

The server configuration is now complete.

Five, configure hexo, deploy and release

After the local computer and server configuration are completed, in the Hexo root directory of the local computer , enter the following to install the plug-in:

npm install hexo-deployer-git --save
npm install hexo-server

Open the _config.ymlfile and modify the deployitems as follows:

deploy:
  type: git
  repo: git@云服务器公网IP:/home/git/blog.git
  branch: master

Where typeterm represents the type of deployment git, warehouse repoaddress git@云服务器公网IP:/home/git/blog.git, branch branchto masterthe main branch.

After beautifying the blog, adding features, writing articles, etc., the command line input hexo cleanclears the local cache, input hexo g -dgenerates static files, and deploys to the remote warehouse.

At this point, the local blog page has been deployed to the server's /home/www/websitedirectory:

After the deployment is complete, if the open page does not change, you can enter the following restart on the cloud server nginx:

nginx -s reload

At this point, building a blog through hexo and deploying it to the Alibaba Cloud server is finally complete!

Welcome to my blog! !

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Reference address for the construction process:

Build Hexo blog from scratch and deploy Alibaba Cloud server (nanny-level teaching)