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According to the China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) recently released the 47th "Statistical Report on China's Internet Development Status". As of December 2020, the number of Internet users in my country has reached 989 million, an increase of 85.4 million from March 2020, and the Internet penetration rate has reached 70.4%.
As of December 2020, the number of online education and online medical users in my country was 342 million and 215 million, respectively, accounting for 34.6% and 21.7% of the total netizens. my country's online retail sales reached 11.76 trillion yuan, an increase of 10.9% over 2019. Among them, the online retail sales of physical goods was 9.76 trillion yuan, accounting for 24.9% of the total retail sales of consumer goods. As of December 2020, the number of online shopping users in my country has reached 782 million, an increase of 72.15 million from March 2020, accounting for 79.1% of the total Internet users. The number of online payment users in my country reached 854 million, an increase of 86.36 million from March 2020, accounting for 86.4% of the total netizens. The number of online video users in my country reached 927 million, an increase of 76.33 million from March 2020, accounting for 93.7% of the total Internet users. Among them, the number of short video users is 873 million, an increase of 100 million from March 2020, accounting for 88.3% of the total netizens.
In 2020, my country's Internet industry has played an active role in resisting the new crown pneumonia epidemic and the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, making my country the only major economy in the world to achieve positive economic growth, and its gross domestic product (GDP) exceeded one million for the first time It has made an important contribution to the successful completion of the task of poverty alleviation.
The Internet in my country has developed particularly rapidly. Various products such as food delivery, e-commerce, and short videos have emerged one after another. The Internet model has continued to innovate, the integration of online and offline services has accelerated, and the pace of online public services has accelerated. Among them, to promote the rapid development of my country's Internet, the continuous growth of netizens is inseparable from the hard work of a group of Chinese programmers.
Preface
During the two sessions, a number of Internet technology giants, including Ma Huateng, Chairman and CEO of Tencent, Robin Li, Chairman and CEO of Baidu, and Lei Jun, founder and CEO of Xiaomi, put forward a series of proposals focusing on digital economy, autonomous driving, and network security. Segmented fields such as smart manufacturing, as if holding the digital code for the next year, open the door to a new world for us.
They are the pointing lights of the new world. Behind them are countless new world explorers. Programmers who pave the way for the future through fingertip codes. As a group that has attracted much attention, the rapid development of the Internet is inseparable. Open them.
In order to better adapt to the development situation of the times and use technology to improve lives, the Programmer Inn has conducted some surveys on the salary and living conditions of Chinese programmers, and conducted surveys on the recent developments in 29 provinces, municipalities and special administrative regions across the country, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, and Zhejiang. 550,000 outstanding programmers conducted a detailed survey, and the detailed report is as follows:
- Gender ratio of programmers:
For a long time, the group of programmers is dominated by men, with a very small proportion of female programmers. The survey also found that the proportion of men and women in the programmer group is 90.6%: 9.4%, close to 9:1, which is similar to the results of our Programmer Inn in 2017 (92.62%: 7.38%) and the results of the 2018 survey (92.4 %: 7.6%), compared with the results of the 2019 survey (93.3%: 6.1%) and the 2020 survey (89.6%: 10.4%), the proportion of female programmers increased first and then remained basically the same, which is very gratifying I hope that more and more little fairy daughters will join the ranks of programmers, men and women are matched, work is not tired!
2. Age distribution of programmers
From the figure above, we can see that programmers aged 22-24 accounted for 11.2%, programmers aged 25-29 accounted for 42.5%, and programmers aged 30-34 accounted for as much as 31.8%. Friends of this age have become the backbone of the programmer community. Among them, programmers aged 22-24, most of them should be classmates who have just graduated from a bachelor degree and started working. The proportion of programmers aged 35 and above is only 9.4%, which is less than one-tenth, which also shows that the programmers are mainly people under the age of 35.
As we get older, we get married and have children, and we have our own family, maybe the high-intensity coding work is no longer suitable for us. But the programming experience, management experience and other improvements in the first ten years or so have become their own advantages, and then they have turned to other positions instead of first-line programmers. Therefore, in our work, we should not only type the code, but also continuously improve our abilities in all aspects, and lay a solid foundation for us to change the direction of work after the age of 35, and gradually transfer to architecture, management or other positions.
3. The programmer's relationship status
Among the programmers surveyed, the proportion of singles was 45%, a decrease of nearly 9% from the 2020 data. On the one hand, this is mainly related to the younger generation of programmers, because programmers under the age of 30 in this survey accounted for 58.9% of the total. On the other hand, it also shows that the number of programmers who are single this year has decreased.
Therefore, for classmates who like programmers brothers and sisters, come and find your significant other in the programmers community! Programmers are smart, careful, serious and responsible. They are your best choice.
4. Programmer's degree
In this year's report, we have added a survey of the academic qualifications of the programmer community. As can be seen from the above figure, most programmers have a bachelor degree, accounting for 67.8% of the total. Programmers with a master's degree accounted for 7.3%, and those with a doctoral degree accounted for 0.4%. In addition, programmers with other academic qualifications, such as junior colleges, accounted for 22.3% of the total. From the data point of view, the programmer group does belong to the highly educated group, which can be said to be the mainstay of the Internet industry.
In addition, in this survey, the Programmer's Inn also conducted a survey on the types of colleges and universities the programmers graduated from. From the picture above, we can see that the 19.3 programmers graduated from colleges. Among programmers with a bachelor's degree or above, 58.8% of their partners graduated from ordinary colleges and universities, 19.3% of their partners graduated from 985/211 colleges, and 0.4% of their partners graduated from high-level foreign colleges and universities.
This distribution is also consistent with the proportion of the number of various types of colleges and universities in my country.
5. Years of working as a programmer
From the above figure, we can see that mature programmers with a working life of 5-10 years account for 43.4% of the programmers group and belong to senior programmers. Programmers who have just joined the job account for 12% of the total, programmers who have worked for 2-4 years account for 33.1% of the total, and programmers who have worked for more than ten years account for 11.6% of the total.
Compared with last year's data, the number of programmers who have just worked has decreased significantly. The number of programmers who have worked for more than two years has risen from 73.4% to 88%. It is likely to be caused by the reduction in demand for employment by enterprises due to the impact of the epidemic.
6. Geographical distribution of programmers
According to statistics, Beijing has the most programmers in China, accounting for 17.6%. Secondly, Guangdong accounted for 16.7%, Shanghai accounted for 12.9%, Jiangsu accounted for 9.9%, Zhejiang accounted for 8.2%, Sichuan accounted for 3.9%, and Chongqing accounted for 2.6%. Guangdong programmers are mainly concentrated in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Zhejiang programmers are mainly concentrated in Hangzhou. The programmers in Sichuan are mainly concentrated in Chengdu. The programmers in Jiangsu are mainly concentrated in Nanjing and Suzhou. Fujian's programmers are mainly concentrated in Xiamen. In addition, Shaanxi has 3.0% of programmers, mainly in Xi'an.
There is a very interesting phenomenon that deserves attention. The distribution of programmers in Beijing has dropped from 24.1% in 2020 to 17.6 in 2021. Correspondingly, the proportion of programmers in Shanghai, Guangdong, and Zhejiang has increased, indicating that there is Some programmers were diverted from Beijing to these three provinces and cities for various reasons.
7. Programmer's purchase of houses
Everyone knows that the housing prices are very high now, what about the buying situation of the programmer group. According to our survey, 14.1% of programmers bought a house for their families, 21.0% of programmers bought their own houses, and 8.2% of programmers and their husbands bought a house together. In addition, 22.7% of programmers are currently renting a house, but they are already preparing to buy a house. Another 22.9% do not plan to buy a house for the time being, but rent a house temporarily.
8. The living conditions and expenses of programmers
Programmers Inn conducted a survey on the living conditions of programmers, and found that 30.0% of programmers live in their own houses and do not need to rent a house. Small partners who rent a house account for 64.1%, and others account for 3.9%. Among the programmers who rented a house, 66.3% were co-rented, and the remaining 33.7% were renting a suite. Among the small partners who rented together, 67.6% of the small partners rented an ordinary bedroom in the public bathroom, and 32.4% of the small partners rented a master bedroom with a private bathroom.
From the above figure, we can see that among renters, the rent is mainly between 1,000-3,000 yuan/month. For 8.6% of people, the rent is 3001-4000 yuan/month. There are 10.3% of people with a rent of 4000+ yuan/month. The editor guesses that this group of people should have formed a small family, or particularly pursue the quality of life, and their salary should not be low. In addition, 8.2% of the people have a rent of 500-1000 yuan, 4.7% have a rent of less than 500 yuan/month, and 0.4% are covered by a company.
9. Programmer’s company attributes
After our investigation, we found that 73.0% of programmers work in private enterprises. This is also a normal phenomenon, because most good Internet companies are now privately owned. What makes us shine is that in the surveyed population, 8.6% of programmers are freelancers.
Programmers Inn has always had a belief that free work is the general trend of the future development of the Internet industry, and you are the people who are at the forefront of the times! Also, affected by the epidemic, the proportion of freelancers has increased.
I have to emphasize that this is highly consistent with the data obtained by the programmer inn. The Programmer Inn is China’s leading freelance work platform for programmers, providing various companies and employers with technical new manpower solutions to help everyone develop their own products.
From the data, we can also see that 9.4% of programmers work in state-owned enterprises, and 1.3% of programmers work in Sino-foreign joint ventures or wholly foreign-owned enterprises. The overall proportion is not high and has dropped significantly from last year.
10. Programmer's job-hopping situation
According to statistics, we can see that programmers who have not experienced job-hopping accounted for 16.3% of the programmer population; 1-3 times of job-hopping accounted for more than half, 60.1%; 4 times of job-hopping accounted for 7.7%; and 5 times of job-hopping Accounted for 8.2%; quit 6 times or more accounted for 7.7%.
From the picture above, we can see that programmers who have worked for 1-3 years have less job-hopping experience. With the increase in working years, the number of job-hopping also increases, which is also in line with market laws. More than half of programmers who have worked for less than three years have not had any job-hopping experience. There are very few programmers who have worked for four years or more without any job-hopping experience.
From the figure, we can also see that working for three years is a watershed. Whether the job reaches three years or not has a lot to do with whether there is a job-hopping experience. According to our analysis, there should be two main reasons for this. One is that most companies sign labor contracts for three years. When three years of work are completed, one party will choose not to renew the contract. Therefore, three years of work is a job-hopping Watershed. Another reason is that after three years of work, everyone wants to change to a new environment and meet some new challenges, so there is a three-year watershed phenomenon.
11. Programmers are good at language
In this survey of Chinese programmers' salary and living conditions, we conducted a survey of the programming languages that programmers are good at. Each person participating in the survey can choose multiple languages that they are good at. As we can see from the figure, there are a lot of programmers in front-end JavaScript and back-end Java. This is also in line with the current market demand, where the demand for front-end engineers is very large. As for the back-end Java, it has always been the highlight of the programmer market. In addition, Python takes the second place, at 17.6%.
In addition, there are Android (9.9%), iOS (7.3%), PHP (14.6%), C++ (7.7%), C# (12.4%), C (6.0%) and other 6.0%. Of course, there are the rising star R language (2.6%) and Go language (7.7%).
12. Programmer study and working time
In the past few years, I have had in-depth contacts and exchanges with the programmer group. I found that many programmers have complained about the status quo of working too long, resulting in not having much time to improve themselves. Therefore, in this questionnaire survey, the Programmer Inn deliberately added a survey on working hours and study hours.
The above picture is about the time that programmers spend at work each week. An interesting phenomenon can be seen. A total of 66.9% of programmers lead an ideal working life of nine to five days a week, only The remaining 33.1% of programmers work overtime to varying degrees, which is not in line with the remarks we hear that programmers generally work overtime in a profession.
On this basis, less than one-tenth (8.6%) of programmers have a weekly working hours of 996, or even longer.
In the above figure, the time spent by programmers on learning per week, you can see that only 37.4% of programmers spend more than 5 hours on learning per week, and the vast majority of programmers (40.5%) spend more than 5 hours on learning per week. The time spent on it is less than 5 hours, and even 22.0% of programmers have almost no time to spend on learning every week.
The reasons for this situation must be diverse. On the one hand, the company’s working hours may be too long, on the one hand, family affairs may be busy, and on the other hand, the individual’s learning status may not be ideal. But in any case, in an industry where programmers rely on technology to feed themselves, a certain amount of learning time is necessary.
13. Programmer's annual salary status
From the survey results of the Programmer Inn, we can see that the annual salary of programmers is normally distributed, mainly in the range of 50,000 to 250,000, accounting for 66.3%. The proportion of programmers with an annual salary of 50,000-100,000 is 15.5%, the proportion of programmers with an annual salary of 100,000-150,000 is 18.9%, the proportion of programmers with an annual salary of 150,000-200,000 is 21.9%, and the annual salary is 20-25 The proportion of programmers with an annual salary of 250,000 to 300,000 is 12.0%, and the proportion of programmers with an annual salary of 25-300,000 is 7.7%. In addition, the proportion of programmers with an annual salary of 300,000 and above is 19.3%, and the proportion of programmers with an annual salary of less than 50,000 is only 4.7%.
14. Programmer's satisfaction with work etc.
Programmers Inn surveyed programmers’ job satisfaction from two dimensions, including salary satisfaction and work environment satisfaction.
The above picture shows the programmer's satisfaction with salary. From the above picture, we can see that 45.5% of people are dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with the current salary. 41.2% of people think that the current salary is average. Only 11.6% of programmers are satisfied with the current salary, while 1.7% are satisfied with the current salary.
The above picture shows the programmer’s satisfaction with the working environment. From the survey of the programmer’s inn, we can see that most people think that their working environment is okay. Only 24.0% of programmers are dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with their working environment. 49.4% of programmers think their working environment is average, and 26.6% of programmers are satisfied or very satisfied with their working environment. This also reflects from the side that Internet companies are paying more and more attention to the construction of the working environment. With a good working environment, everyone will be happier at work and have a higher sense of happiness. In addition, 6.4% of programmers are dissatisfied with their current working environment.
15. The programmer's willingness to work part-time
In this survey, programmers inn added a survey of programmers’ willingness to work part-time. 93.1% of programmers are willing to work part-time. Among them, 25.8% of programmers think part-time jobs can be tried, and 45.1% Although the programmers have not done part-time jobs, they are looking forward to it. 17.6% of programmers are already doing part-time part-time jobs, and 4.7% of programmers have become freelancers.
16. The work of programmers affected by the epidemic
Since the end of 2019, the outbreak of a new type of coronavirus has caused companies to be unable to resume work normally in the next year. Many Internet companies are facing operational problems. Such effects will even continue into 2021. In response to this situation, the Programmer Inn also added an investigation into layoffs at the end of this investigation.
It can be seen from the survey results of the Programmer Inn that 59.2% of the people did not feel the layoffs, but 32.6% of the programmers were laid off or their colleagues were laid off. 8.2% of programmers were laid off in this wave of layoffs. In fact, in the second half of 2018, there was also an outbreak of collective layoffs by Internet companies. At that time, the programmers inn also conducted an investigation on the situation at that time. At that time, 9.0% of the programmers were laid off, and they were unaffected and they were not affected. Layoffs, but the rate of layoffs among colleagues is basically the same as this year.
Therefore, in fact, the impact of the epidemic on Internet companies is not as great as in other industries, and the 8.2% layoff ratio is actually in line with the annual pattern. So technology is king, exercise it well, improve yourself, and put yourself in an advantageous position. Of course, many programmer classmates were laid off by the company's unscrupulous means. We must resolutely resist this behavior!
to sum up
To sum up, although the geographical distribution has changed and the overall movement has moved south, domestic first-tier cities are still the main clusters of programmers, and some second-tier cities with developed economies and dense technology companies also gather a large number of programmers. In terms of computer languages, Chinese programmers are good at languages such as Java, JavaScript, Python, Android and Python, which is in line with the popularity of computer languages in the world. From the perspective of salary, the salary of Chinese programmers is relatively high compared with other industries, with an average annual salary of more than 150,000.
In terms of life, nearly 30% of programmers live in their own houses, and the remaining programmers usually spend more than 1,000 yuan on renting a house, and most of them rent ordinary public bathroom bedrooms in the form of shared rent. It is worth mentioning that after work, the vast majority of programmers (40.5%) spend less than 5 hours on learning a week, and even 22.0% of programmers have almost no time to spend every week. Learn the above.
At work, 73.0% of programmers work in private enterprises, and 8.6% of programmers are freelancers. For job-hopping, 83.7% of programmers have experienced job-hopping, an increase of nearly 10% over the previous year, and the salary after the job-hopping has increased relatively. There is a conclusion in this report that is inconsistent with experience, that is, programmers' overtime phenomenon is not as serious as stated on the Internet, and programmers with a working status of 996 and above accounted for only 8.6% of the survey.
The above is the complete report of this survey. Finally, I hope everyone will be in good health, work well, promote smoothly, and pay high wages in 2021.