In daily development and learning, MySQL is indispensable. This article will teach you how to install MySQL using RPM management pack under Centos7. Let’s just start!
The MySQL version in the article is 5.7.32
Install the server
Download the rpm file
download address of the mysql server : https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
Select the version: mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmUpload to server/app/soft
Install the components required by mysql
yum install libaio(optional)If you do not install mysql Server, you will be prompted to install client dependencies and other errors
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force--nodeps --force
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.32-1.el7 is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64
Check whether to install
[root@review-dev soft]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64
Start mysql and check the status
[root@review-dev soft]# systemctl start mysqld.service -- 启动
[root@review-dev soft]# systemctl status mysqld.service -- 查看状态
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2021-01-18 11:32:17 CST; 15s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 7054 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 6825 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 7057 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─7057 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Through the above, we have installed the server side of MySQL. At this time, it is impossible to log in with the MySQL command. You need to install a client side!
Install the client
Download the rpm file
download address of the mysql client : https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
Select the version: mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmUpload to server/app/soft
The same is true for installing the client , if you do not add instructions here , the error shown below will still occur
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force--nodeps --force
[root@review-dev soft]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64
After installing the Server and Client, you need to modify some default configurations.
Configuration
Get original password
grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-01-18T03:32:13.444809Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: r8G>.aGR,GaA
Use the original password to log in to the mysql server,
mysql -uroot -penter the password obtained above and press Enter to log inChange the password where'new password' is replaced with the password you want to set. Note: The password setting must be uppercase and lowercase alphanumeric and special symbols (,/';: etc.), otherwise the configuration cannot be successful.
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password'3.1 Change Password security policies if there are mistakes then the new password does not meet password policy through the command to view security policy
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirementsSHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';The corresponding security policy can be modified through commands, such as setting the password level to LOW:
set global validate_password_policy=LOW;such as setting the password length to 8set global validate_password_length=6;
mysql password policy related parameters:
1) validate_password_length the total length of the fixed password;
2) validate_password_dictionary_file specifies the file path for password verification;
3) validate_password_mixed_case_count must contain at least the total number of upper/lower case letters in the
entire password ; 4) validate_password_number_count at least in the entire password To include the number of Arabic numerals;
5) validate_password_policy specifies the strength of the password verification level, the default is MEDIUM;
6) validate_password_special_char_count the entire password must contain at least the number of special characters;Regarding the value of validate_password_policy:
LOW: only verify length;
MEDIUM: verify length, numbers, uppercase and lowercase, special characters;
STRONG: verify length, numbers, uppercase and lowercase, special characters, dictionary files;
Add remote login user
create user 'xxxxxx'@'%' identified by 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'xxxxxx'@'%' identified by password';
flush privileges;
Modify the mysql default language to utf8mb4.
By default, the language used by MySQL is latinl. You can use thestatuscommand to view it when you log in to the mysql service . You need to modify it to the mainstream utf8mb4.First exit mysql, and then go to my in the /etc directory. The following content is added under the cnf file (see the red box)
vi /etc/my.cnfRestart mysql after modification
systemctl restart mysqld.serviceLog in to mysql again and check the status again:
Through the above steps, we can already use MySQL for development and testing, but at this time MySQL cannot be directly used in production. We have to modify the configuration parameters of the MySQL server to improve its performance and throughput.
Specific parameters can refer to the following article for optimized configuration:
http://javadaily.cn/articles/2019/11/18/1574040329451.html
Above, I hope to help you!
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