Operations Research Fundamentals Chapter 1

   Chapter 1:
     Introduction to
 Operations Research
      is one of the most important theoretical foundations of systems engineering. In the United States, some people call Operations Research Management Science.
  The problems studied by Operations Research can be summarized in one sentence. The words "choose the best solution from many solutions according to the given conditions and goals",
  so some people call it optimization technology.
(1) Simple operations research thinking
     The need for social practice is the root of the development of operations research. The
      ancient and simple Chinese operations research thinking has a smooth origin. As early as the 4th century BC, my country had a very high level of operational research.
(2) The development stage of
      operations research The four major stages of operations research development
    1. The budding stage (1915-30s)
     2. The development stage (1930s-40s)
    Three sources of operations research: military, management, and economics
     3 .Theoretical stage (50s-70s)
      4. Promotion stage (after 1970s)
  (3) History of Operational Research in China
    In 1956, the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established. In 1957, it was used in the construction industry and textile industry.
       In 1958, it was used in transportation, industry, agriculture, water conservancy construction, post and telecommunications.
    Operations Research: Operations Research, referred to as OR, is a science that studies how to effectively organize and manage people and systems. Operational Research Utilization Planning Method and Related Multidisciplinary Requirements
               The complex function relationship is expressed as a mathematical model, the purpose of which is to provide data for decision-making and revealing new problems through quantitative analysis.
    Classification of decision-making methods
        Qualitative decision-making: Customized decision-making according to the subjective experience or feeling or knowledge of decision-makers.
        Quantitative decision-making: Decisions made with the help of some formal measurement methods.
        Mixed decision-making: Decisions that can be made using both qualitative and quantitative methods.