1.1 computer graphics research
The main problem in computer graphics is to study how to use the computer representation, generation, processing and displaying a discipline.
1.2 Computer Graphics and Image Processing
Computer graphics is the vector type, and the computer image is a dot matrix.
The computer graphics system to process data from the pattern; an image processing computer is to process the image from the image.
Computer graphics and computer graphics have some connection, processed interchangeable.
1.3 Development of computer graphics
January 1963, MIT Lincoln Laboratory 24-year-old Sutherland completed his doctoral thesis on the graphics system of man-machine communication. Sutherland introduces hierarchical data structures stored symbol, the development of interactive technology, you can use the keyboard and light pen to achieve positioning, and mapping options, but also put forward a number of other basic ideas and techniques still in use of graphics. Sutherland's doctoral thesis is considered the founder of both computer graphics, but also the onset of modern computer-aided design.
In the 1970s, due to the birth of the raster display, raster graphics algorithms developed rapidly; basic graphics operations and corresponding algorithms have emerged, graphics into the first period of prosperity. 1970s, many countries in the application of computer graphics, CAD graphics system development, and applied to the design, process control and management, education and so on.
Since the mid-1980s, LSI improve the performance of computer hardware, computer graphics has been rapid development. In 1980, for the first time it gives a ray tracing algorithm. Realistic Graphics algorithm mature.
80 to 90 years, more widely used graphics, animation, scientific visualization, CAD / CAM, virtual reality. This raises higher to computer graphics, updated requirements - authenticity and real-time.
1.4 applications of computer graphics
1. Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD / CAM)
This is the most extensive computer graphics, the most important fields of application. It is a method of engineering design has undergone tremendous changes, the use of interactive computer graphics to generate civil engineering technology, the design of the mechanical structure and the product are rapidly replacing the traditional manual design method of the drawing board feet of word processing, take heavy daily showing optimization and details of the task and the overall program design. In fact, a complex large-scale or large scale integrated circuit board design and FIG impossible hand drawn, not only design and drawing with a computer graphics system, and can be completed in a shorter period of time, the results directly to the subsequent process for reprocessing.
2. Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
in this field, the graphics are an important means of expression, it can make the image of the teaching process, intuitive, vivid, stimulate students' interest in learning, greatly enhancing the effectiveness of teaching. With the growing popularity of computer, computer-aided teaching system has penetrated into the home.
3. Computer animation
traditional animation is hand-painted. Since the animation requires 24 show a second screen, hand-drawn so large workload. Through computer animation, simply generates pieces referred to as "key frame" screen, then two interpolated frames are generated key a number of "intermediate frame" by the computer, when the two continuous playback key frames are organically combined . This can greatly save time and improve the efficiency of animation.
4. Management and office automation,
computer graphics in the field of management and office automation applications are the most draw various graphics, such as 2D and 3D graphics, pie charts, line charts statistics, straight sub-diagrams, process diagrams can be drawn work , map production scheduling, inventory maps. All of these are simple graphical form showing a model and trend data, speed up the development and implementation of decisions.
5. Geo-informatics and natural resources show the drawing
of land information and natural resources will be finishing the last decentralized statistical forms, photos, drawings and other information into a unified database to record the national geodetic and gravity measurements, mountains and plains terrain, rivers and lakes, water, roads and bridges, towns and villages, farmland woodland vegetation, borders and border areas and place names. Using these stored information can not only draw a flat map, and can generate three-dimensional topography map for the high-level land management decision-making and forecasting, and comprehensive management of resources research and development to provide a scientific basis.
6. Visualization in Scientific Computing
in the Information Age, large amounts of data need to be addressed. Scientific visualization method using computer graphics or scientific computing intermediate and final results of the data obtained by measurement of a graphically represented visually. Scientific visualization is widely used in meteorology, seismology, astrophysics, molecular biology, medicine and many other areas.
7. Computer games
computer games has become a major source of inspiration especially computer graphics research to promote the development of graphics hardware. Computer graphics provided technical support for the computer game developers, such as creating a three-dimensional engine. Modeling and rendering the two main issues standing in the graphics game development is very important.
8. Virtual Reality
Virtual reality technology is widely used, it can be used in military, medical, education and entertainment. Virtual reality is to make people take through the eyes of a three-dimensional feel, data gloves or helmet, through sight, hearing, smell, touch or gestures and body, the whole melt into the computer to create a virtual atmosphere, to obtain immersive experience. For example, into the molecular structure of the microscopic world of adventures, roaming in the construction of buildings in the newly designed graphics. It has also become one of the hotspots in recent years, computer graphics.