从零开始，SpringBoot+Redis+MySQL搭建个人博客（二）-----引入MySQL数据库并实现通过properties实现多个数据库环境自动切换配置

目录

一、关于三种环境

二、引入MySQL

1、准备数据

2.编写mapper和bean

3.准备service

4.单元测试

5.Controller

6.注解法配置MapperScan

7.项目本地测试

8.当前pom.xml

三、配置三种properties

1.设置项目对象模型pom.xml

2.配置maven打包命令

3.检查

四、总结

1.打包命令

2.当前架构

 3.参考文章

4.上一篇

 

---

一、关于三种环境

在日常开发中我们的代码一般都是需要在三种环境下运行的：

本地环境（dev）：即开发环境

测试环境（qa）：模拟生产环境用来测试

生产环境（pro）：面向客户的程序运行环境

因为三种环境里的MySQL参数不同，我们每次在准备将本地代码打包上传的时候都需要先修改配置文件，有时候粗心大意忘记修改账户和密码，还有可能导致短时间的服务宕机，我们今天来试着配置一下，让maven打包的时候自动选择配置文件来打包。

在开始之前先在resources文件夹下（本身存在application.properties文件）另外创建application-dev.properties、application-qa.properties、application-pro.properties文件，在本文中，暂时将application.properties文件设置为

spring.profiles.active=dev

二、引入MySQL

1、准备数据

本应分别在三个不同的数据库中设置对应的数据，我们这里只测试本地数据库，所以只在本地创建了user表

2.编写mapper和bean

这里使用mybatis.generator工具直接生成，关于generator的使用请自行查找

generatorConfiguration.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">
<generatorConfiguration>

    <!-- 数据库驱动jar路径 -->
    <classPathEntry
            location="C:\Users\admin\.m2\repository\mysql\mysql-connector-java\5.1.46\mysql-connector-java-5.1.46.jar"/>

    <context id="mysql">

        <!-- 1：注释构建;type-可通过实现CommentGenerator接口构建自定义的注释构建类 -->
        <commentGenerator>
            <property name="suppressDate" value="true"/>
            <!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释；true:是；false:否 -->
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true"/>
        </commentGenerator>

        <!-- 2：数据库连接信息 -->
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/payment_2"
                        userId="root" password="wy1240594179">
        </jdbcConnection>

        <!--是否启用java.math.BigDecimal-->
        <javaTypeResolver>
            <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false"/>
        </javaTypeResolver>

        <!-- 3：生成实体类地址 -->
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="payment.sdk.bean.save" targetProject="payment">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
            <property name="trimStrings" value="true"/>
        </javaModelGenerator>

        <!-- 4.生成map.xml地址 -->
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="payment.sdk.mapper.xml" targetProject="payment">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
        </sqlMapGenerator>

        <!-- 5.生成DAO地址 -->
        <javaClientGenerator targetPackage="payment.sdk.mapper" type="XMLMAPPER" targetProject="payment">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
        </javaClientGenerator>


        <!-- 配置表信息 -->
        <table tableName="subreq" domainObjectName="SubReq" enableCountByExample="false" enableUpdateByExample="false"
               enableDeleteByExample="false" enableSelectByExample="false" selectByExampleQueryId="false">
            <!--true:使用实际列名  false:转列名   默认:false--><property name="useActualColumnNames" value="true"/>
        </table>
    </context>
</generatorConfiguration>

User.java

package cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean;

public class User {
    private Integer userId;

    private String userNick;

    private String userPassword;

    private String userName;

    private String userEmail;

    private String userDetail;

    private String userPhone;

    private String userOhter;

    public Integer getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getUserNick() {
        return userNick;
    }

    public void setUserNick(String userNick) {
        this.userNick = userNick == null ? null : userNick.trim();
    }

    public String getUserPassword() {
        return userPassword;
    }

    public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) {
        this.userPassword = userPassword == null ? null : userPassword.trim();
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName == null ? null : userName.trim();
    }

    public String getUserEmail() {
        return userEmail;
    }

    public void setUserEmail(String userEmail) {
        this.userEmail = userEmail == null ? null : userEmail.trim();
    }

    public String getUserDetail() {
        return userDetail;
    }

    public void setUserDetail(String userDetail) {
        this.userDetail = userDetail == null ? null : userDetail.trim();
    }

    public String getUserPhone() {
        return userPhone;
    }

    public void setUserPhone(String userPhone) {
        this.userPhone = userPhone == null ? null : userPhone.trim();
    }

    public String getUserOhter() {
        return userOhter;
    }

    public void setUserOhter(String userOhter) {
        this.userOhter = userOhter == null ? null : userOhter.trim();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "userId=" + userId +
                ", userNick='" + userNick + '\'' +
                ", userPassword='" + userPassword + '\'' +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", userEmail='" + userEmail + '\'' +
                ", userDetail='" + userDetail + '\'' +
                ", userPhone='" + userPhone + '\'' +
                ", userOhter='" + userOhter + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

 UserMapper.java

package cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.mapper;

import cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

public interface UserMapper {
    int deleteById(Integer userId);

    int insert(User record);

    User selectById(Integer userId);

    int updateById(User record);
}

 UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.mapper.UserMapper" >
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean.User" >
    <id column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
    <result column="user_nick" property="userNick" jdbcType="CHAR" />
    <result column="user_password" property="userPassword" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="user_name" property="userName" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="user_email" property="userEmail" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="user_detail" property="userDetail" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="user_phone" property="userPhone" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="user_ohter" property="userOhter" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
  </resultMap>
  <sql id="Base_Column_List" >
    user_id, user_nick, user_password, user_name, user_email, user_detail, user_phone, 
    user_ohter
  </sql>
  <select id="selectById" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
    select 
    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
    from all_user
    where user_id = #{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </select>

  <delete id="deleteById" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
    delete from all_user
    where user_id = #{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </delete>

  <insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean.User" >
    insert into all_user
    <trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
      <if test="userId != null" >
        user_id,
      </if>
      <if test="userNick != null" >
        user_nick,
      </if>
      <if test="userPassword != null" >
        user_password,
      </if>
      <if test="userName != null" >
        user_name,
      </if>
      <if test="userEmail != null" >
        user_email,
      </if>
      <if test="userDetail != null" >
        user_detail,
      </if>
      <if test="userPhone != null" >
        user_phone,
      </if>
      <if test="userOhter != null" >
        user_ohter,
      </if>
    </trim>
    <trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
      <if test="userId != null" >
        #{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
      <if test="userNick != null" >
        #{userNick,jdbcType=CHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userPassword != null" >
        #{userPassword,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userName != null" >
        #{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userEmail != null" >
        #{userEmail,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userDetail != null" >
        #{userDetail,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userPhone != null" >
        #{userPhone,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userOhter != null" >
        #{userOhter,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
    </trim>
  </insert>

  <update id="updateById" parameterType="cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean.User" >
    update all_user
    <set >
      <if test="userNick != null" >
        user_nick = #{userNick,jdbcType=CHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userPassword != null" >
        user_password = #{userPassword,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userName != null" >
        user_name = #{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userEmail != null" >
        user_email = #{userEmail,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userDetail != null" >
        user_detail = #{userDetail,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userPhone != null" >
        user_phone = #{userPhone,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="userOhter != null" >
        user_ohter = #{userOhter,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
    </set>
    where user_id = #{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
</mapper>

三个文件生成之后一般都要按照自己的需求来改一下，以上是经过我修改的文件

当然还需要配置一下扫描路径，代码写到这里的时候，我考虑了一下，将mapper.xml文件放在了转移到了src/main/resources/mybatis/mapper/下，并在src/main/resources/mybatis/下创建mybatis-config.xml文件留作备用，暂时为空

在application-dev.xml文件中配置数据库相关信息和映射文件相关信息

spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/baldwin_blog?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC 
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=wy******

mybatis.config-locations=classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

3.准备service

接口：UserService.java

package cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.service;

import cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean.User;

/**
 * @描述
 * @Author Baldwin
 * @E-Mail [email protected] || baldwin@******.com
 * @Time 2019/12/11 20:52
 * @Other
 */
public interface UserService {
    User getbyId(int id);
}

 实现类:UserServiceImpl.java

package cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.service.impl;

import cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean.User;
import cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.mapper.UserMapper;
import cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * \* Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * \* User: Baldwin
 * \* E_Mail: baldwin@******.com || [email protected]
 * \* Date: 2019/12/11
 * \* Time: 20:53
 * \* To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
 * \* Description:
 * \
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public User getbyId(int id) {
        return userMapper.selectById(Integer.valueOf(id));
    }
}

4.单元测试

将光标放在我们的类名上，然后点击Alt+Enter可以选择自动创建Test模块

选择我们熟悉的测试工具，配置自己需要的内容，然后点击OK

生成的测试类可以在test文件夹下找到，现在我们要给他加一些关于SB的测试参数，最终结果如下

package cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.mapper;

import cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

/**
 * @描述
 * @Author Baldwin
 * @E-Mail [email protected] || baldwin@******.com
 * @Time 2019/12/12 12:10
 * @Other
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class UserMapperTest {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;


    @Test
    public void selectById() {
        User user = userMapper.selectById(1);
        System.out.println("Baldwin是一个"+user.getUserDetail());
    }
}

点击运行，我们得到了一个预期之中，并且符合客观事实的结果（红框）

5.Controller

新建UserController.java

package cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.controller;

import cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.bean.User;
import cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * \* Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * \* User: Baldwin
 * \* E_Mail: baldwin@******.com || [email protected]
 * \* Date: 2019/12/11
 * \* Time: 20:55
 * \* To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
 * \* Description:
 * \
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/user")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/login.action")
    String userLogin(){
        String str;
        User user = userService.getbyId(1);
        str = user.toString();
        return str;
    }
}

6.注解法配置MapperScan

在启动文件中增加注解@MapperScan("****")，让程序能够找到mapper.java文件的位置，也可以在每个mapper类的上方添加@Mapper注解，但是这样太麻烦了，我还是喜欢第一种方法。

package cn.yzstu.baldwinblog;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("cn.yzstu.baldwinblog.mapper")
public class BaldwinblogApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(BaldwinblogApplication.class, args);
    }
}

 @MapperScan与@Mapper注解需要导入包mybatis-spring-boot-starter，而且需要指定版本，（2019-12-12：当前默认版本无法使用该注解）太高的版本可能导致注解失效

<!--缺少此jar包，导致@Mapper注解无效-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <!--版本1.2.0否则无效-->
            <version>1.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

7.项目本地测试

运行SB项目，并在浏览器中访问http://localhost:8080/user/login.action

到目前为止，我们已经成功在SB项目中引入MySQL。

8.当前pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.yzstu</groupId>
    <artifactId>baldwinblog</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>baldwinblog</name>
    <description>This project is a new blog with SB and so on</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--缺少此jar包，导致@Mapper注解无效-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <!--版本1.2.0否则无效-->
            <version>1.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.xmlunit</groupId>
            <artifactId>xmlunit-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>


            <!--mybatis-generator插件-->
            <plugin>
                <!--Mybatis-generator插件,用于自动生成Mapper和POJO-->
                <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <!--配置文件的位置 一定要改成配置文件的位置-->
                    <configurationFile>src/main/resources/generatorConfig.xml</configurationFile>
                    <verbose>true</verbose>
                    <overwrite>true</overwrite>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>Generate MyBatis Artifacts</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>generate</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <dependencies>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
                        <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
                        <version>1.3.2</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

三、配置三种properties

我们在上面已经创建了三个properties，根据我们在application.properties中的配置

 我们刚才测试运行的应该是application-dev.properties文件，这个我们从日志中可以得到验证

不放心的话，我们还可以做一下测试，将我们的application.xml修改为

spring.profiles.active=qa

 但是现在我们的application-qa.xml其实在本地是无法运行的

 我们来运行一下试试

通过日志我们发现，确实运行了qa的配置文件，但是我们的qa文件应该是无法运行的，我们现在来访问 http://localhost:8080/user/login.action

果然出现了这个错误，这是因为我们的application-qa.xml文件中没有配置映射文件路径

那么我们现在来说一下如何让maven在打包的时候自动切换application.xml自动切换配置文件

1.设置项目对象模型pom.xml

添加profiles到pom.xml中，profiles节点是和build同级的。

<profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>dev</id>
            <properties>
                <env>dev</env>
            </properties>
            <activation>
                <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
            </activation>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>qa</id>
            <properties>
                <env>qa</env>
            </properties>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>prod</id>
            <properties>
                <env>prod</env>
            </properties>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

activation表示的是可以用这样的命令来触发profile，true表示dev是默认的profile, 这样本地直接ide启动项目的时候就是连接的dev环境。

添加filters节点。

 filters在build下一级

        <filters>
            <filter>src/main/resources/application-${env}.properties</filter>
        </filters>

 修改application.xml使配置生效

spring.profiles.active=@env@

@env@ 就相当于一个变量，与我们先前的配置对应即可

2.配置maven打包命令

clean package -P qa -D maven.test.skip=true   （clean并打包，跳过测试类）

运行maven打包指令并检查文件

3.检查

等待打包结束，检查target文件夹下的编译文件包

可以看到，与我们设置的是一样的，成功

四、总结

1.打包命令

开发环境打包命令：clean package -P dec -D maven.test.skip=true

测试环境打包命令：clean package -P qa -D maven.test.skip=true

生产环境打包命令：clean package -P pro -D maven.test.skip=true

2.当前架构

 3.参考文章

纯洁的微笑：springboot(六)-如何优雅的使用mybatis

请叫我头头哥：SpringBoot入门教程(三)通过properties实现多个数据库环境自动切换配置

4.上一篇

从零开始，SpringBoot+Redis+MySQL搭建个人博客（一）-----搭建SpringBoot环境

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从零开始，SpringBoot+Redis+MySQL搭建个人博客（三）-----引入Redis