登录报错
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 29 20:59:41 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL>
SQL> alter user sys identified by oracle789;
User altered.
sys用户修改密码成功，修改后的密码为oracle789
SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle789@localhost:1521/ora81 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 29 21:01:06 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
Enter user-name: ^C^C
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$
sys用户用密码登录报错，实际上密码是对的；这里报错ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$ pwd
/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
oracle 11g r2 的版本 必须在 $ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下 ，可以 通过cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 进入该目录
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$ ll | grep orapw
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5120 Aug 7 19:35 orapworcl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Aug 5 23:59 orapwsrsttest
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$ ps -ef | grep pmon
oracle 2251 1 0 13:53 ? 00:00:02 ora_pmon_ora81
oracle 6339 2631 0 21:03 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto pmon
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$
grep pmon 查到oracle sid 为 ora81;
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwora81 entries=30
Enter password for SYS:
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$ ll | grep orapw
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5120 Aug 29 21:04 orapwora81
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5120 Aug 7 19:35 orapworcl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Aug 5 23:59 orapwsrsttest
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$
file=orapwora81, 格式为 orapw+ oracle sid;
[oracle@centos-7_3 dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle789@localhost:1521/ora81 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 29 21:05:18 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
SQL>
排查发现，oracle 实例对应的密码文件不存在，导致 通过密码登录失败。不只是sys 用户，这种情况下任何用户都无法通过密码登录。
我们手动创建正确的密码文件后，使用密码成功登录oracle ！
Aug.29, 2019
网上浏览了十几个网页都解决不了我的问题，于是花费精力写下这篇博文，希望能够帮到需要的人。
如果觉得文章不错，不妨给个打赏，写作不易，各位的支持，能激发和鼓励我更大的写作热情。谢谢！
