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参考 用kubeadm安装最新Kubernetes1.10.1【centos7.3 离线安装docker，kubeadm，kubectl，kubelet，dashboard】kubernetesv1.10.1
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1b65YnQvQcmNtNflJvzvifQ 密码:di5a
环境：3台centos7.3虚拟机
10.10.31.202 k8s-master
10.10.31.203 k8s-node1
10.10.31.204 k8s-node2
###一定要配置host
#配置hosts
cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
127.0.0.1 localhost
10.10.31.202 k8s-master
10.10.31.203 k8s-node1
10.10.31.204 k8s-node2
EOF
环境设置：
1 . 系统是centos7.3
#uname -a 查看内核版本
[root@test01 /]# uname -a
Linux test01.szy.local 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
2.关闭防火墙,SELinux,SWAP(所有节点)
setenforce 0 ：临时关闭,用于关闭selinux防火墙，但重启后失效。
swapoff -a #保证 kubelet 正确运行
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld #关闭防火墙
执行效果：
[root@szy-k8s-master ~]# systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.
[root@szy-k8s-master ~]# swapoff -a
[root@szy-k8s-master ~]# setenforce 0
[root@szy-k8s-master ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config # 修改配置永久生效，需重启
[root@szy-k8s-master ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus #查看selinux的状态
SELinux status: enabled
SELinuxfs mount: /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory: /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name: targeted
Current mode: permissive
Mode from config file: disabled
Policy MLS status: enabled
Policy deny_unknown status: allowed
Max kernel policy version: 28
组件安装：
1.docker的安装-经常出问题，版本和系统不兼容等问题
或者使用文件docker-packages.tar，每个节点都要安装。
yum install -y docker
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
本人是第二种安装方法：
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1nV_lOOJhNJpqGBq9heNWug 密码:zkfr
tar -xvf docker-packages.tar
cd docker-packages
rpm -Uvh * 或者 yum install local *.rpm 进行安装
docker version #安装完成查看版本
注意：如果docker安装失败，重装步骤：
yum remove docker
yum remove docker-selinu
如果删不干净，就执行下面操作
1.#查看已经安装的docker安装包,列出入校内容
[root@szy-k8s-node2 docker-packages]# rpm -qa|grep docker
docker-common-1.13.1-63.git94f4240.el7.centos.x86_64
docker-client-1.13.1-63.git94f4240.el7.centos.x86_64
2.分别删除
yum -y remove docker-common-1.13.1-63.git94f4240.el7.centos.x86_64
yum -y remove docker-client-1.13.1-63.git94f4240.el7.centos.x86_64
3.删除docker镜像
rm -rf /var/lib/docker
再重新安装
输入docker info，记录Cgroup Driver
Cgroup Driver: systemd
docker和kubelet的cgroup driver需要一致，如果docker不是systemd，则执行
#我配置了一个私有仓库地址，是Harbor
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://XXXX.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"insecure-registries" : ["10.10.31.205"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"iptables": false
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart docker
#配置网络
#配置IPVS
yum install ipset ipvsadm conntrack-tools.x86_64 expect -y
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules << EOF
#!/bin/bash
ipvs_modules="ip_vs ip_vs_lc ip_vs_wlc ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_lblc ip_vs_lblcr ip_vs_dh ip_vs_fo ip_vs_sh ip_vs_nq ip_vs_sed ip_vs_ftp nf_conntrack_ipv4"
for kernel_module in \${ipvs_modules}; do
/sbin/modinfo -F filename \${kernel_module} > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
/sbin/modprobe \${kernel_module}
fi
done
EOF
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep ip_vs
echo "bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep ip_vs" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#配置环境
sed -i 7,9s/0/1/g /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf
echo 'net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1' >> /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf
echo 'vm.swappiness = 0' >> /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf
sysctl --system
sysctl -p /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf
aliyun的kubelet kubeadm kubectl 包
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
#kubernetes bin安装
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
#配置Cgroup
我使用的是：systemd
10.10.31.205/k8s/pause:3.1 这个地址，根据你自己的镜像名字，重新指定
在所有kubernetes节点上设置kubelet使用cgroupfs，与dockerd保持一致，否则kubelet会启动报错
DOCKER_CGROUPS=$(docker info | grep 'Cgroup' | cut -d' ' -f3)
echo $DOCKER_CGROUPS
cat > /etc/sysconfig/kubelet <<EOF
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=$DOCKER_CGROUPS --pod-infra-container-image=10.10.31.205/k8s/pause:3.1"
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl restart kubelet
###导入镜像
每个节点都要执行
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1b65YnQvQcmNtNflJvzvifQ 密码:di5a
这里，如果你需要的话，可以重新做下tag，我是放在私有仓库的。
docker load -i k8s1.13.0.tar
#一共9个镜像，分别是
sai:~ ws$ docker images | grep 10.10.31.205/k8s/
10.10.31.205/k8s/kube-proxy v1.13.0 8fa56d18961f 6 days ago 80.2MB
10.10.31.205/k8s/kube-apiserver v1.13.0 f1ff9b7e3d6e 6 days ago 181MB
10.10.31.205/k8s/kube-controller-manager v1.13.0 d82530ead066 6 days ago 146MB
10.10.31.205/k8s/kube-scheduler v1.13.0 9508b7d8008d 6 days ago 79.6MB
10.10.31.205/k8s/coredns 1.2.6 f59dcacceff4 5 weeks ago 40MB
10.10.31.205/k8s/etcd 3.2.24 3cab8e1b9802 2 months ago 220MB
10.10.31.205/k8s/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64 v1.10.0 0dab2435c100 3 months ago 122MB
10.10.31.205/k8s/flannel v0.10.0-amd64 f0fad859c909 10 months ago 44.6MB
10.10.31.205/k8s/pause 3.1 da86e6ba6ca1 11 months ago 742kB
kubeadm init 部署master节点，只在master节点执行
此处选用最简单快捷的部署方案。etcd、api、controller-manager、 scheduler服务都会以容器的方式运行在master。etcd 为单点，不带证书。etcd的数据会挂载到master节点/var/lib/etcd
init命令注意要指定版本，和pod范围
#版本，指不指定，都可以，网络的话，如果想避免冲突的话，注意。 我是10的网段，所以就用192部署。
kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=192.168.0.0/16
##参考# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.13.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
记下join的命令，后续node节点加入的时候要用到 执行提示的命令，保存kubeconfig
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
# master上运行pod
kubectl taint nodes --all node-role.kubernetes.io/master-
此时执行kubectl get node 已经可以看到master节点，notready是因为还未部署网络插件
[root@szy-k8s-master k8s]# kubectl get node
[root@szy-k8s-master k8s]# kubectl get pod --all-namespaces
安装flannel
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/140RcYA71VwWnfWE0aARhqA 密码:y9eu
注意：除了镜像名字要修改外，其它的都不用动，就OK。
image: 10.10.31.205/k8s/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64 ，要修改成自己的私有仓库地址
cat > network.yaml << EOF
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"name": "cbr0",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "192.168.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
hostNetwork: true
nodeSelector:
beta.kubernetes.io/arch: amd64
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: 10.10.31.205/k8s/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: 10.10.31.205/k8s/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: true
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
EOF
kubectl apply -f network.yaml
安装DashBoard
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/140RcYA71VwWnfWE0aARhqA 密码:y9eu
nodePort: 31234 安装成功后，主机名要这个端口，就能访问dashboard
#Dashboard
cat > dashboard.yaml << EOF
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
namespace: kube-system
rules:
# Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
verbs: ["create"]
# Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
verbs: ["create"]
# Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
# Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
verbs: ["get", "update"]
# Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services"]
resourceNames: ["heapster"]
verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services/proxy"]
resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
containers:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
image: 10.10.31.205/k8s/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.0
ports:
- containerPort: 8443
protocol: TCP
args:
- --auto-generate-certificates
# Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
# If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
# to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
# - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
volumeMounts:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
mountPath: /certs
# Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTPS
path: /
port: 8443
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
volumes:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
secret:
secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
# Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 31234
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
type: NodePort
EOF
kubectl apply -f dashboard.yaml
创建登录Token
#创建登录Token
cat > admin-user-role-binding.yaml << EOF
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: admin
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin
namespace: kube-system
labels:
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
EOF
kubectl apply -f admin-user-role-binding.yaml
获取Token
kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin | awk '{print $1}')
Q&A:
问题一： 防火墙，没有关闭，所以安装时，一定要检查仔细
问题二：centos7添加bridge-nf-call-ip6tables出现No such file or directory
解决：
解决方法：
[root@localhost ~]# modprobe br_netfilter
[root@localhost ~]# ls /proc/sys/net/bridge
bridge-nf-call-arptables bridge-nf-filter-pppoe-tagged
bridge-nf-call-ip6tables bridge-nf-filter-vlan-tagged
bridge-nf-call-iptables bridge-nf-pass-vlan-input-dev
[root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
问题三：unable to fetch the kubeadm-config ConfigMap: failed to get config map: Unauthorized
# [preflight] Running pre-flight checks
# [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 18.04.0-ce. Latest validated version: 18.06
# [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "szy-k8s-node1" could not be reached
# [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "szy-k8s-node1": lookup szy-k8s-node1 on 10.10.10.21:53: server misbehaving
# [discovery] Trying to connect to API Server "10.10.31.202:6443"
# [discovery] Created cluster-info discovery client, requesting info from "https://10.10.31.202:6443"
# [discovery] Requesting info from "https://10.10.31.202:6443" again to validate TLS against the pinned public key
# [discovery] Cluster info signature and contents are valid and TLS certificate validates against pinned roots, will use API Server "10.10.31.202:6443"
# [discovery] Successfully established connection with API Server "10.10.31.202:6443"
# [join] Reading configuration from the cluster...
# [join] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
# unable to fetch the kubeadm-config ConfigMap: failed to get config map: Unauthorized
# kubeadm token create
# kubeadm token list
解决办法是： token过期了，24小时内有效果的，所以可以重新生成token
#重新生成token
[root@test01 /]# kubeadm token create
u7w3un.e781f1n6sq0ocfmo
[root@test01 /]# kubeadm token list
TOKEN TTL EXPIRES USAGES DESCRIPTION EXTRA GROUPS
jjcku9.1o65bpdk4oqhj9g8 19h 2018-12-11T16:05:11+08:00 authentication,signing <none> system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
spxuf3.2rikngiu4k8gfk98 <invalid> 2018-12-08T16:53:12+08:00 authentication,signing The default bootstrap token generated by 'kubeadm init'. system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
u7w3un.e781f1n6sq0ocfmo 23h 2018-12-11T20:58:32+08:00 authentication,signing <none> system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
问题四：在所有kubernetes节点上设置kubelet使用systemd，让dockerd与kubelet保持一致，否则会启动报错
默认kubelet使用的cgroup-driver=systemd，改为cgroup-driver=systemd
在这里插入代码片
#配置Cgroup
DOCKER_CGROUPS=$(docker info | grep 'Cgroup' | cut -d' ' -f3)
echo $DOCKER_CGROUPS
cat > /etc/sysconfig/kubelet <<EOF
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=$DOCKER_CGROUPS --pod-infra-container-image=10.10.31.205/k8s/pause:3.1"
EOF
重设kubelet服务，并重启kubelet服务
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart kubelet
