虚拟环境
$ python3 -m venv .venv
$ pip --version
$ source .venv/bin/activate
$ pip install --upgrade pip
$ deactivate
删除
(.venv) $ deactivate
$ rm -rf .venv
帮助
$ python3 -m venv -h
usage: venv [-h] [--system-site-packages] [--symlinks | --copies] [--clear]
[--upgrade] [--without-pip] [--prompt PROMPT]
ENV_DIR [ENV_DIR ...]
Creates virtual Python environments in one or more target directories.
positional arguments:
ENV_DIR A directory to create the environment in.
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--system-site-packages
Give the virtual environment access to the system
site-packages dir.
--symlinks Try to use symlinks rather than copies, when symlinks
are not the default for the platform.
--copies Try to use copies rather than symlinks, even when
symlinks are the default for the platform.
--clear Delete the contents of the environment directory if it
already exists, before environment creation.
--upgrade Upgrade the environment directory to use this version
of Python, assuming Python has been upgraded in-place.
--without-pip Skips installing or upgrading pip in the virtual
environment (pip is bootstrapped by default)
--prompt PROMPT Provides an alternative prompt prefix for this
environment.
Once an environment has been created, you may wish to activate it, e.g. by
sourcing an activate script in its bin directory.
频繁切换也可以考虑 virtualenvwrapper库。
$ pip install virtualenvwrapper
# .bashrc or .bash_profile
export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenvs
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
$ mkvirtualenv automation_cookbook
$ deactivate
$ workon automation_cookbook
(automation_cookbook) $
更多参考 https://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
安装库
建立requirements.txt：
delorean==1.0.0
requests==2.18.4
安装
$ pip install -r requirements.txt
...
Successfully installed babel-2.5.3 certifi-2018.4.16 chardet-3.0.4 delorean-1.0.0
查看已经安装模块：
pip freeze > requirements.txt
更多库参考：