产生背景：由于Models修改过于频繁，而且多对多关系建了又重建，造成部分字段在数据库中已经存在，而django认为还没有创建，继续向数据库创建这个字段，导致错误，原因是数据库不同步。
Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.17134.345]
(c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。
(venv) C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap>py manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, dbbackend, sessions
Running migrations:
Applying dbbackend.0010_auto_20181025_1256...Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 71, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 250, in execute
self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line 50, in defaulterrorhandler
raise errorvalue
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 247, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 411, in _query
rowcount = self._do_query(q)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 374, in _do_query
db.query(q)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line 277, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
_mysql_exceptions.OperationalError: (1060, "Duplicate column name 'azi1'")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 365, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 335, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 200, in handle
fake_initial=fake_initial,
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 117, in migrate
state = self._migrate_all_forwards(state, plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 147, in _migrate_all_forwards
state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 244, in apply_migration
state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\migration.py", line 122, in apply
operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\operations\fields.py", line 84, in database_forwards
field,
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\schema.py", line 40, in add_field
super().add_field(model, field)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 437, in add_field
self.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 133, in execute
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 100, in execute
return super().execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 68, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 77, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 71, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 250, in execute
self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line 50, in defaulterrorhandler
raise errorvalue
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 247, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 411, in _query
rowcount = self._do_query(q)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 374, in _do_query
db.query(q)
File "C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\cellsmap\venv\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line 277, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: (1060, "Duplicate column name 'azi1'")
根据stackoverflow上找到解决方案，执行：
python manage.py migrate myapp --fakehttps://blog.csdn.net/huanhuanq1209/article/details/77884014