centos8 安装LNMP，逐步安装，基于docker安装centos8镜像，在安装lnmp环境！！！
1.安装nginx:
sudo yum install nginx
默认安装的是1.14版本；
升级到最新版，操作如下
1).添加中科大的镜像
sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
2）写入以下指令并保存：
[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/nginx/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
module_hotfixes=true
3).执行更新yum
sudo yum update
4)更新完毕后查看nginx版本：
nginx -v #1.21
2.安装PHP8（仅安装8.0版本）,使用remi安装，依次执行：
sudo dnf -y install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
sudo dnf -y install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm
sudo dnf -y install yum-utils
sudo dnf module reset php
sudo dnf module install php:remi-8.0 -y
sudo dnf install php -y
安装完成后查看php版本：
php --version #php8
执行systemctl start php-fpm启动php8报错：
Job for php-fpm.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status php-fpm.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
执行journalctl -xe 发现详细错误中有：
ERROR: [pool www] failed to read the ACL of the socket '/run/php-fpm/www.sock': Operation
ERROR: FPM initialization failed
执行以下替换命令后成功启动php-fpm：
sed -i 's/listen.acl_users/;listen.acl_users/g' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
sed -i 's/listen.acl_groups/;listen.acl_groups/g' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
启动php-fpm后，配置nginx,发现无法访问，可能报错：404，500， 502，file not find等错误；
通过监听nginx错误日志查看原因：
tail -f /var/log/nginx/error.log
报错：*1342 recv() failed (104: Connection reset by peer) while reading response header from upstream, client: 127.0.0.1, server: localhost, request: "GET /index.php HTTP/1.0", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:80/index.php", host: "127.0.0.1",；排查后。php-fpm虽然已启动，但非9000端口。将php-fpm 改为socket配置
报错： *3574 socket() failed (24: Too many open files) while connecting to upstream, client: 127.0.0.1, server: localhost, request: "GET /index.php HTTP/1.0", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:80/index.php", host: "127.0.0.1"，删除 /etc/nginx/conf.d/ 其中一个配置文件，保留一个即可，原因9000和socket冲突,并且更改目标目录；
报错： connect() to unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.17.0.1, server: localhost, request: "GET /index.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock:", host: "localhost:8082"；通过更改用户分组，分别保证： /etc/nginx/nginx.conf， /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 文件中用户分组一致;
并且给对应的网站目录文件/var/www/html/和sock启动项目录/run/php-fpm/www.sock给到nginx和php-fpm的用户的读写权限：chown -R www:www 对应目录
附/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 配置：
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost 127.0.0.1;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
root /var/www/html;
location / {
index index.html index.php;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~* \.php$ {
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$;
#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
3.安装mysql8.0
1）.安装Yum Repository
wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm
2）.yum安装mysql服务
yum install mysql-server
3）.设置开机自启动mysql:
systemctl enable mysqld.service
4）.检查mysql是否为开机自启动：
systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld
5）.启动MySQL
systemctl start mysqld.service #8.0.21
修改mysql中root 账户的密码：
在MySQL 8.04前，执行：SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD(‘[新密码]’);但是MySQL8.0.4开始，这样默认是不行的。因为之前，MySQL的密码认证插件是“mysql_native_password”，而现在使用的是“caching_sha2_password”。
登入mysql:
mysql -uroot
选择database
use mysql;
修改root账户密码为123456：
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
刷新缓存：
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
退出数据库：
quit
使用密码登录数据库
mysql -uroot -p123456
设置 MySQL 8 允许远程访问
配置 /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
添加如下内容：
bind-address=0.0.0.0
连接到MySQL，创建用户server密码123456的用户
CREATE USER 'server'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
设置server用户任何主机都可以连接本主机mysql服务
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'server'@'%'WITH GRANT OPTION;
清除缓存退出并且重启MySQL服务，完成！
4.其他，可能用到的命令
需要安装的扩展包:
yum -y install sudo #安装sudo
yum -y install vim* #安装vim
yum -y install net-tools #安装ifconfig ping
yum install initscripts -y #安装service
yum -y install wget #安装wget
yum -y install lsof #查端口
添加用户分组：
groupadd www
useradd -g www www
5.安装最新版的swoole
yum install php-devel php-pear httpd-devel #安装pecl扩展
systemctl restart php-fpm #重启php-fpm
chown -R www:www /run/php-fpm #设置php-fpm权限
echo "extension=swoole.so" >> /etc/php.ini #配置php.ini
php -m #查看是否成功，并且重启php-fpm