解决IntelliJ IDEA报错：调用方法[manageApp]时发生异常java.lang.IllegalStateException: 启动子级时出错

其他 2021-03-06 22:45:24 阅读次数: 0

解决IntelliJ IDEA报错：调用方法[manageApp]时发生异常java.lang.IllegalStateException: 启动子级时出错

问题描述：

  笔者将一个在Tomcat安装目录下的文件夹webapps部署成功且运行正常的Web应用，改成使用IntelliJ IDEA工程中的文件夹webapp来部署。这之中，笔者没有改动原Web应用文件夹内的任何文件，但却在IntelliJ IDEA中运行时直接 【报错】【1】 。这之后，笔者改使用该工程来部署其它原来在此IntelliJ IDEA工程中部署成功的任何Web应用，此时均报与之前相同的 【错误】【2】 。

笔者报错时的运行环境：
JDK 13.0.2
Maven 3.6.3
Tomcat 9.0.41（Servlet 4.0，JSP 2.3）
Intelli] IDEA 2020.1.2 (Ultimate Edition)

  这个报错的信息如下：

XX-XXX-202X XX:XX:XX.XXX 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke 调用方法[manageApp]时发生异常
	java.lang.IllegalStateException: 启动子级时出错
		at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:720)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:690)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:706)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1727)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:288)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:809)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
		at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:459)
		at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:408)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:288)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:809)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:468)
		at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1466)
		at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1307)
		at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:691)
		at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1406)
		at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:827)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:359)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
		at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:691)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:562)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:796)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:677)
		at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:391)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:676)
		at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
		at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
		at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:830)
	Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: 无法启动组件[StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/2021225_3_war_exploded]]
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:717)
		... 42 more
	Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: 找到多个名为spring_web的片段。这是不合法的相对排序。有关详细信息，请参阅Servlet规范的第8.2.2 2c节。考虑使用绝对排序。
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.orderWebFragments(WebXml.java:2260)
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.orderWebFragments(WebXml.java:2218)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1293)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:985)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:303)
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:123)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5082)
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
		... 43 more
XX-XXX-202X XX:XX:XX.XXX 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke 调用方法[createStandardContext]时发生异常
	javax.management.RuntimeOperationsException: 调用方法[manageApp]时发生异常
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:297)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:809)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
		at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:459)
		at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:408)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:288)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:809)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
		at java.management/com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:468)
		at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1466)
		at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1307)
		at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:691)
		at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1406)
		at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:827)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:359)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
		at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:691)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:562)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:796)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:677)
		at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:391)
		at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:676)
		at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
		at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
[202X-XX-XX XX:XX:XX.XX,XXX] Artifact XXX:war exploded: Error during artifact deployment. See server log for details.
		at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:830)
	Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: 启动子级时出错
		at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:720)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:690)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:706)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1727)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:288)
		... 34 more
	Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: 无法启动组件[StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/2021225_3_war_exploded]]
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:717)
		... 42 more
	Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: 找到多个名为spring_web的片段。这是不合法的相对排序。有关详细信息，请参阅Servlet规范的第8.2.2 2c节。考虑使用绝对排序。
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.orderWebFragments(WebXml.java:2260)
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.orderWebFragments(WebXml.java:2218)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1293)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:985)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:303)
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:123)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5082)
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
		... 43 more

  笔者在经过反复试验排错后，终于找到了根因。原来笔者在此IntelliJ IDEA工程中使用的是Maven来构建项目的，而Maven中已经有了设置依赖的方法——通过文件 pom.xml 来设置，但在Web应用中是通过在Web应用下的目录 WEB-INF\lib 来设置的。如果同时设置了这两者，这就导致冲突，从而引发上面的 【报错】【1】 。因此，解决 【报错】【1】 的方法就是，删除Web应用下的目录 WEB-INF\lib ，改为使用Maven的 pom.xml 文件来设置依赖。

  另外，在产生了 【报错】【1】 之后，可能会破坏此IntelliJ IDEA工程的环境，导致以后即使运行配置正确的Web应用，也将一直发生相同的报错，即上面的 【错误】【2】 。此时，可以在解决 【报错】【1】 的问题之后，删除此IntelliJ IDEA工程下的文件夹target，然后重新编译即可。

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