目录
一：管道练习
echo “content” >> 文件名
[root@rhcsa ~]# echo "This is my first time to use pipe" >> pipe_data.txt
[root@rhcsa ~]# ll
total 12
-rw-------. 1 root root 1701 Nov 2 06:06 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Documents
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Downloads
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1856 Nov 2 06:08 initial-setup-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Music
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Pictures
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 34 Nov 14 14:11 pipe_data.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Public
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Templates
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 107 Nov 13 20:35 test2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Videos
[root@rhcsa ~]# vim pipe_data.txt
This is my first time to use pipe
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Type :qa! and press <Enter> to abandon all changes and exit Vim 二：重定向
a:
[root@rhcsa ~]# vim redirect.txt
202108004RHCSA
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"redirect.txt" 1L, 15C b:
[root@rhcsa ~]# cat redirect.txt > redirect1.txt
[root@rhcsa ~]# ll
total 20
-rw-------. 1 root root 1701 Nov 2 06:06 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Documents
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Downloads
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1856 Nov 2 06:08 initial-setup-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Music
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Pictures
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 34 Nov 14 14:11 pipe_data.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Public
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15 Nov 14 14:24 redirect1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15 Nov 14 14:21 redirect.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Templates
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 107 Nov 13 20:35 test2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 2 06:10 Videos
[root@rhcsa ~]# vim redirect1.txt
202108004RHCSA
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"redirect1.txt" 1L, 15C c:
[root@rhcsa ~]# cat redirect.txt noexist.txt 1> redirect2.txt 2> error.txt
[root@rhcsa ~]# more redirect2.txt
202108004RHCSA
[root@rhcsa ~]# more error.txt
cat: noexist.txt: No such file or directory
[root@rhcsa ~]#
d:
[root@rhcsa ~]# cat redirect.txt noexist.txt &> redirect3.txt
[root@rhcsa ~]# more redirect3.txt
202108004RHCSA
cat: noexist.txt: No such file or directory
[root@rhcsa ~]#
e:
[root@rhcsa ~]# cat > my_input.txt << EOF
> Welcome to my.zone
> YYDS
> EOF
[root@rhcsa ~]# cat my_input.txt
Welcome to my.zone
YYDS
[root@rhcsa ~]#
三：内容浏览
a:
[root@rhcsa ~]# cat -n /etc/passwd
1 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
2 bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
3 daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
4 adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
5 lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
6 sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
7 shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
8 halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
9 mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
10 operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
11 games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
12 ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
13 nobody:x:65534:65534:Kernel Overflow User:/:/sbin/nologin
14 dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
15 systemd-coredump:x:999:997:systemd Core Dumper:/:/sbin/nologin
16 systemd-resolve:x:193:193:systemd Resolver:/:/sbin/nologin
17 tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin
18 polkitd:x:998:996:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
19 geoclue:x:997:995:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
20 rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
21 pulse:x:171:171:PulseAudio System Daemon:/var/run/pulse:/sbin/nologin
22 qemu:x:107:107:qemu user:/:/sbin/nologin
23 usbmuxd:x:113:113:usbmuxd user:/:/sbin/nologin
24 unbound:x:996:991:Unbound DNS resolver:/etc/unbound:/sbin/nologin
25 rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/lib/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin
26 gluster:x:995:990:GlusterFS daemons:/run/gluster:/sbin/nologin
27 chrony:x:994:989::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
28 libstoragemgmt:x:993:987:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/var/run/lsm:/sbin/nologin
29 pipewire:x:992:986:PipeWire System Daemon:/var/run/pipewire:/sbin/nologin
30 setroubleshoot:x:991:985::/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/sbin/nologin
31 saslauth:x:990:76:Saslauthd user:/run/saslauthd:/sbin/nologin
32 dnsmasq:x:984:984:Dnsmasq DHCP and DNS server:/var/lib/dnsmasq:/sbin/nologin
33 radvd:x:75:75:radvd user:/:/sbin/nologin
34 clevis:x:983:982:Clevis Decryption Framework unprivileged user:/var/cache/clevis:/sbin/nologin
35 cockpit-ws:x:982:980:User for cockpit-ws:/:/sbin/nologin
36 sssd:x:981:979:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
37 colord:x:980:978:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
38 gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
39 rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
40 gnome-initial-setup:x:979:977::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/sbin/nologin
41 sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
42 insights:x:978:976:Red Hat Insights:/var/lib/insights:/sbin/nologin
43 avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
44 tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
45 slw:x:1000:1000:Slw:/home/slw:/bin/bashb:
more：
[root@rhcsa ~]# more -10 /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
--More--(15%)
less：
[root@rhcsa ~]# less -10 /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
/etc/passwd
c:
head：
[root@rhcsa ~]# head -5 /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
[root@rhcsa ~]#
tail：
[root@rhcsa ~]# tail -5 /etc/passwd
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
insights:x:978:976:Red Hat Insights:/var/lib/insights:/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
slw:x:1000:1000:Slw:/home/slw:/bin/bash
[root@rhcsa ~]#
d:
[root@rhcsa ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep root
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
[root@rhcsa ~]#