1. ls command
查看当前目录下可见的文件、文件夹及其相关权限
常用参数：-l 列表式查看
-al 查看所有，包括隐藏的文件、文件夹 [root @ qinshengfei bin] # LS - Color display in color [root @ qinshengfei bin] # LS - L details listed in the directory file [root @ qinshengfei bin] # LS - A show all files, including hidden files [root @ qinshengfei bin] # LS - Al displays a list of all the files [root @ qinshengfei bin] # LS -al | More display directory content distribution
2. mkdir create a folder
常用参数 ：直接接文件夹名称
[Root @ qinshengfei / home] # mkdir test
3. pwd Displays the current working directory
[root @ qinshengfei bin] # pwd
/ usr / bin <== current working directory
4. cd Change directory
[root @ qinshengfei / root] # cd .. <== back to the parent directory [@ qinshengfei the root /] CD # <== Back home directory [the root @ qinshengfei the root] # CD / usr / bin <== to / usr / bin directory
5. rmdir to delete the specified directory
如果要删除的目录里面有文件或文件夹，是无法移动的，这时，就需要加上参数 -rf 来强制操作删除。[root @ qinshengfei / root] # rmdir ./test <== delete the directory
[root @ qinshengfei / root] # rmdir ./test2 -rf <== delete the directory and subdirectories, file
6. rm command deletes files
[root@qinshengfei /root]# rm test
7. cp is copy meaning. For example, we want to copy the .bashrc file to the / home directory, you can:
[root@qinshengfei /root]# cp .bashrc /home
8. mv move files, folders
[root@qinshengfei /root]# mv test.txt /home
9. cat print file contents on the console, for example, to print mysql configuration file to control
[root@qinshengfei /mysql.conf.d]# cat mysqld.cnf
10. tail display file contents in a row
[root@qinshengfei /mysql.conf.d]# tail -n 5 mysqld.cnf
11. less
less命令可查看文件。它使用起来速度更快，而且您不会无意间修改文件。使用更少的光标，您可以使用向上和向下箭头键，PgUp和PgDn键以及Home和End键在文件中前后滚动。按Q键退出。[root@qinshengfei /mysql.conf.d]# less log.txt
12. grep pipeline, output specification file contents
例如使用 ps -aux 查询进程，我们只需要知道 tomcat 有不有运行，就可以使用管道指令『|』加入 grep 这个命令同时操作。
[Root @ qinshengfei /] # ps -aux | grep tomcat
13. find find files
[root@qinshengfei /]# find / -name bin
14. tar -cvf archive
[root@qinshengfei /root]# tar -zcvf app.tar.gz app
15. gzip compression
也是一压缩命令，跟compress 很相似，指令的用法也相同！只是压缩后缀名 .gz ！
[root@qinshengfei /root]# gzip -d xxxxx.gz
16. unzip unzip the file
[root @ qinshengfei / root] # unzip app.zip decompression called ' app.zip ' files
17. exit Log
[root@qinshengfei /root]# exit
18. A ping and ping as the windows, if the test communication between two computers
[Root @ qinshengfei / root] # ping baidu.com
19. Under the telnet and windows, as a test target port open
[root@qinshengfei /root]# telnet 47.2.30.289 8080
20. who view all users currently logged on
[root@qinshengfei /root]# who
21. su switch user
[Root @ qinshengfei / root] # su qinshengfei
22. uname uname displays important information about the system, such as the kernel name, host name, kernel version, processor type, etc., use uname -a You can view all the information.
[@ qinshengfei the root /] # the uname - A the Linux qinshengfei 4.18 . 0 - 80.11 . 2 .el8_0.x86_64 # . 1 the SMP Tue On Sep 24 . 11 : 32 : . 19 UTC 2019 the x86_64 the x86_64 the x86_64 the GNU / the Linux [@ qinshengfei the root /] #
23. alias
使用alias命令可以给命令或命令序列指定自己的名称。然后，您可以输入您的简称，然后Shell将为您执行命令或命令序列。
[root @ qinshengfei /] # Alias PF = " PS -e | grep $ 1 " [root @ qinshengfei /] # PF Tomcat
24. chmod modify a file, folder permissions command
0: No permission 1: Execute permission 2: Write permission 3: Write and execute permissions 4: Read permission 5: Read and execute permissions 6: Read and write permissions 7: Read, write and execute permissions [root@qinshengfei /]# chmod 777 app -r <== -r 连同子目录权限一起修改
25. chown
可以使用chown更改文件的所有者或组，或两者。必须提供所有者和组的名称，以：字符分隔。
[root@qinshengfei /]# chown dave:mary example.txt
26. curl
curl命令是从统一资源定位器（URL）或Internet地址检索信息和文件的工具。
[root@qinshengfei /]# curl http://www.baidu.com index.html
27. echo
echo命令将文本字符串打印（回显）到终端窗口。也可以将字符串打印到文件。
[root@qinshengfei /]# echo "hello world" hello world [root@qinshengfei /]#
28. free
free命令为您提供计算机内存使用情况的摘要。它对主随机存取存储器（RAM）和交换存储器都执行此操作。-h（人类）选项用于提供人类友好的数字和单位。没有此选项，数字以字节为单位。
[root@qinshengfei /]# free total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 8000348 1554508 4549432 576 1896408 6194856 Swap: 0 0 0 [root@qinshengfei /]#
29. history
history命令列出了您先前在命令行上发出的命令。您可以通过键入感叹号来重复历史记录中的任何命令！以及历史记录列表中的命令编号。
[root@qinshengfei /]# [root@qinshengfei /]# history 1 yum install docker 2 yum install nginx 3 yum -y install docker-ce
30. kill
We will use the above section ps and grep tips on the alias command. We can search shutter process and get its PID, as follows:
[root@qinshengfei /]# ps -ef|grep nginx root 31884 22980 0 16:19 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx root 32400 1 0 Feb18 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx nginx 32401 32400 0 Feb18 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process nginx 32402 32400 0 Feb18 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process [root@qinshengfei /]# kill -9 32400
31. passwd
passwd命令使您可以更改用户密码。只需键入passwd即可更改您自己的密码。
[root@qinshengfei /]# sudo passwd mary
32. ssh
使用ssh命令建立与远程Linux计算机的连接并登录到您的帐户。要建立连接，您必须提供您的用户名以及远程计算机的IP地址或域名。在此示例中，用户mary以192.168.4.23登录到计算机。建立连接后，将要求她输入密码。
[root@qinshengfei /]# ssh mary@192.168.4.23 mary@192.168.4.23's password:
33. df view disk usage system
[root@qinshengfei /]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 3986836 0 3986836 0% /dev tmpfs 4000172 0 4000172 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 4000172 576 3999596 1% /run tmpfs 4000172 0 4000172 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 52417516 4031296 48386220 8% / overlay 52417516 4031296 48386220 8% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/650e5470981551bdd57ee3f9da79da55ef5170d11017e282c318f801b5c5ac4b/merged tmpfs 800032 0 800032 0% /run/user/0 [root@qinshengfei /]#
34. ps display system processes
ps命令列出了正在运行的进程。使用不带任何选项的ps会导致它列出当前shell中正在运行的进程。[root @ qinshengfei / ] # PS PID TTY the TIME CMD 9191 PTS / 0 00 : 00 : 00 PS 16776 PTS / 0 00 : 00 : 00 bash 17212 PTS / 0 00 : 00 : 00 MySQL 22980 PTS / 0 00 : 00 : 00 bash 23524 PTS / 0 00 : 00 : 44 the Java [root @ qinshengfei / ] # To process the query keywords, the pipeline can be combined command. [root @ qinshengfei /] # PS -ef | grep nginx root 10377 22980 0 16 : 26 PTS / 0 00 : 00 : 00 grep --color = Auto nginx root 32400 1 0 ? Feb18 00 : 00 : 00 nginx: Master Process / usr / sbin / nginx nginx 32401 32400 0 Feb18? 00 : 00 : 00 nginx: Process worker nginx 32402 32400 0 Feb18 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process [root@qinshengfei /]#
35. top display system processes
[Root @ qinshengfei /] # top
36. reboot the computer again
[root @ qinshengfei /] # reboot
37. shutdown
Shutdown used without parameters, the computer will shut down within one minute.
[@ qinshengfei the root / ] # the shutdown using parameters now, immediately shut [@ qinshengfei the root /] # the shutdown - H now use -r reboot and restart the same effect as the parameters, the shutdown - R & lt be timed [@ qinshengfei the root /] # the shutdown -r now
38. yum
Under centos command to install the software environment[root@qinshengfei /]# yum install nginx
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