Python Django project configuration and environment (project start)

The first step: engineering structures

1. Create a remote warehouse, and cloning a local repository
2. Create a virtual environment locally
3. In a virtual environment, install django Version: 1.11.11 (stable)
4. Create a project using the django

Step two: modify directory

1. Add a directory, configuration files moved into in, and then changed its name to dev.py
2. Modify access to the configuration file path: manage.py be modified in

The third step: Configuring the development environment

1. Add jinja2 in a virtual environment
2. Configure Jinja2 template engine

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        # 修改为 jinja2 模板引擎
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.jinja2.Jinja2',  
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

3.Jinja2 create a template engine environment configuration file
to create a utils package under the project, add the files under the utils jinja2_env.py

4. Create a template engine written Jinja2 environment configuration code

from django.contrib.staticfiles.storage import staticfiles_storage
from django.urls import reverse
from jinja2 import Environment


def jinja2_environment(**options):
    env = Environment(**options)
    env.globals.update({
        'static': staticfiles_storage.url,
        'url': reverse,
    })
    return env


"""
确保可以使用Django模板引擎中的{% url('') %} {% static('') %}这类的语句 
"""

5. After the addition was complete, the configuration file, the registered settings.py

TEMPLATES = [
    {
         # jinja2 模板引擎
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.jinja2.Jinja2', 
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
            # 添加 Jinja2 模板引擎环境
            'environment': 'meiduo_mall.utils.jinja2_env.jinja2_environment', 
        },
    },
]

Step Four: Configure Database

1. Create a new Mysql database
2. Configure Mysql (configuration dev.py years)
3. Remember to install PyMySQL Expansion Pack (PIP install pymysql)
4. __init__.py file in a subdirectory of the project of the same name, add:

# 告知django使用pymysql: 
from pymysql import install_as_MySQLdb

# 调用该函数: 
install_as_MySQLdb()

5. Configure Redis, mounting extended package django-redis, and add the dev.py:

CACHES = {
    "default": { # 默认存储信息: 存到 0 号库
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0",
        "OPTIONS": {
            "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
        }
    },
    "session": { # session 信息: 存到 1 号库
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1",
        "OPTIONS": {
            "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
        }
    },
}
SESSION_ENGINE = "django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache"
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS = "session"

Step Five: Configure log

1.dev.py file:

LOGGING = {
    'version': 1,
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,  # 是否禁用已经存在的日志器
    'formatters': {  # 日志信息显示的格式
        'verbose': {
            'format': '%(levelname)s %(asctime)s %(module)s %(lineno)d %(message)s'
        },
        'simple': {
            'format': '%(levelname)s %(module)s %(lineno)d %(message)s'
        },
    },
    'filters': {  # 对日志进行过滤
        'require_debug_true': {  # django在debug模式下才输出日志
            '()': 'django.utils.log.RequireDebugTrue',
        },
    },
    'handlers': {  # 日志处理方法
        'console': {  # 向终端中输出日志
            'level': 'INFO',
            'filters': ['require_debug_true'],
            'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
            'formatter': 'simple'
        },
        'file': {  # 向文件中输出日志
            'level': 'INFO',
            'class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',
            'filename': os.path.join(os.path.dirname(BASE_DIR), 'logs/meiduo.log'),  # 日志文件的位置
            'maxBytes': 300 * 1024 * 1024,
            'backupCount': 10,
            'formatter': 'verbose'
        },
    },
    'loggers': {  # 日志器
        'django': {  # 定义了一个名为django的日志器
            'handlers': ['console', 'file'],  # 可以同时向终端与文件中输出日志
            'propagate': True,  # 是否继续传递日志信息
            'level': 'INFO',  # 日志器接收的最低日志级别
        },
    }
}

Create a directory xxx.log under 2.logs

Step 6: Configuring static files

Or dev.py file:

# 默认有部分: 
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# 要配置静态文件加载路径
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')]

to sum up:

More disgusting is the third package of installation, because national circumstances, install third-party package is very slow.
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