Description of the biological effects of various factors multicellular genome size, and try to explain the possible causes and authentication scheme.
1. Factor 1: the operational flow, the shearing process determines the size of the genome.
1.1 Possible explanations: for example, sub-cut animal is also more conservative than the more complex plants, which enhancer on the animal in a shear sub exon , whereas plants in the intron , the intron so the animal than plant cut multiple, i.e., allowing repeat sequence is inserted into an animal in an intron, and a plant is not allowed, so a plant repeat insertion intergenic region. Therefore, large size variations in the plant genome, animal genome and less size variation. This is a plant cell and an animal cell selected ancestor ancestors, may be explained from the viewpoint of the energy balance of the flow distribution.
1.2 authentication scheme: Study of plants and animals noncoding RNA and compared, as evidenced by comparing different shear substructures.
2. From the operational flow point of view, the following mechanism is based on the different lineages:
2.1 Factors II: genomic Polyploidization may be such that the genome becomes large. Lower vertebrates and plant genomes increases primarily in this way.
2.2 three factors: horizontal gene transfer can be made larger genome. Fungi (animal) genome, and bacterial genomes is increased in this way.
2.3 four factors: genomic gene copy may be such that large. Higher vertebrate genomes, oomycetes (plants) genome and genomes larger major arthropod this way.
2.4 A possible explanation: From the change mechanism, small animal genome size variation, more conservative than the plant genome. From malleable flow point of view, animal and plant regulatory mechanisms that are adaptive mechanisms. Animals with complex regulation of gene expression, so the genome is more conservative. For example, in the environment changes, can be self-regulation (such as warm-blooded animals), migration or hibernation. The plant does not require too complicated regulatory mechanisms, the larger genomic variations, was polyploidization.
2.5 authentication scheme: establishing phylogenetic tree, in accordance with changes of gains and losses of DNA in polyploid genome and animals, where test plant genome lineage, evidenced by looking intermediate.
- Five factors: the plastic flow point of view, the size of cells was positively correlated with the size of the genome.
3.1 Possible explanations 1 : natural selection pressure environments, the genome is adapted to be a product of the biological cell size.
3.2 authentication scheme: to establish contact with the cell size set the size of the gene tree research can develop through the system.
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Genome size:
- Intron size limit
Explanation: splicing child complexity
Verify: an RNA-SEQ ; splice sub comparison
- Polyploidy genome: plants and lower animals
- Gene lateral drift: Fungi (animals) bacteria
- Gene duplication: Higher spinal animals, oomycetes (plants), arthropods
Explanation: The plant adaptation; regulatory animals (warm-blooded animals; self-regulation; Migration & Sleep)
Verify: phylogenetic tree; lineage; Intermediate
- Cell size: cell size is directly proportional to the size of the genome
Explanation: Environmental selected pressure limit cell size, thereby limiting the size of the genome
Verify: phylogenetic tree; Experimental Cell Biology