Data transfer rate
Data transfer rate is also known as the bit rate, the data transmission means capable of transmitting a binary number bits per second, in units of bit / s, may be written as bps.
Signaling rate
Also referred to as a signal transmission rate symbol rate or baud rate, which refers to the number of signal state changes per second, but is Porter (Baud).
Symbols
Symbol can be considered a signal. Suppose we use a two-bit binary numbers to represent a signal, 00 represents A, 01 on behalf of B, 10 Representative C, 11 D Representative, then one symbol per transmission needs to transmit two bits.
In this case, the bit rate is twice the baud rate.
The relationship between bit rate and baud rate
\(S=Blog_{2}N\)
or
\(B=S/log_{2}N\)
Wherein, S represents the bit rate, B represents baud, N represents the number of discrete values of the effective symbol can take.
In the example given before introducing the symbol, N is a value of 4, then S = 2B, which is called four-phase modulation. If bit represents one symbol, then N = 2, S = B, called two-phase modulation.