(A) mysql client command
management:
\h help : 查看帮助
\G:格式化查询
\s status:查看数据库的状态信息
\ source:导入sql文件
\u use:切换数据库
\! system:在数据库中使用系统命令(B) mysqladmin Client Management
#查看MySQL进程是否存活
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin ping mysqld is alive
#查看mysql信息
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin status
#关闭mysql进程
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin shutdown
#查看MySQL当前参数
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin variables
#库外创建数据库
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin create aaa
#库外删除数据库
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin drop aaa
#刷新binlog日志
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin flush-log
#修改密码
[root@db01 ~]# mysqladmin password '123'(C) sql statement
1.DDL data definition language
Development specification: library name, table name must be lowercase, or else will accidentally deleted data
1. Library
create (create)
View command creates
mysql> help create user;语法：
Syntax: CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name [create_specification] ...
#为了避免库已存在 报错
mysql> create database if not exists zhp;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
#规范创建数据库
mysql> create database if not exists zhp default character set utf8 default collate utf8_general_ci;
drop (delete)
mysql> drop database bb;
alter (modify)
Modify the character set
mysql> alter database zhp charset gbk;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
查看
mysql> show create database zhp;
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| zhp | CREATE DATABASE `zhp` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */ |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Modify validation rules
mysql> alter database zhp collate utf8_bin;
2. Table
Create a table create
View table creation statement help
mysql> create table tlbb(
-> aid int primary key auto_increment comment '学号',
-> sname varchar(10) not null comment'玩家名字',
-> sage tinyint unsigned comment '玩家等级',
-> sgender enum('m','f')not null default 'm' comment '玩家性别',
-> cometime datetime not null default NOW()comment '时间');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
drop (drop table)
mysql> drop table tlbb;
ALTER (table modified)
Modify the table name
mysql> alter table tlbb rename student;
Increase the field
mysql> alter table stu add gsb varchar(10);
The top field into
mysql> alter table stu add youfeng int first;
View
mysql> desc student2;
(D) data types
int:整数 -2^31-2^31-1
varchar:字符类型（变长）
char:字符类型（定长）
tinyint:最小整数-128—-128
enum:枚举类型
datetime：时间类型 年月日时分秒
constraint
not null：非空
primary key：主键（唯一，且非空）
unique key:唯一键（可与为空）
auto_increment:自增
unsigned:无符号，和数字结合，就是非负数
default:默认值
commennt：注释
(E) examples
student table
create table student2( sid int not null primary key auto_increment comment '学号', sname varchar(10) not null comment '学生姓名', sage tinyint unsigned comment '学生年龄', sgender enum('m','f') not null default 'm' comment '学生性别', cometime datetime not null default NOW() comment '入学时间');
The field into a field behind
mysql> alter table stu add xmg int after ljk;
Remove a field
mysql> alter table stu drop ljk;
Modify the properties of the field
mysql> alter table stu change qls haoda int;
Modify field names and attributes
mysql> alter table stu modify qls char(10);
(Vi) DCL Data Control Language
1.grant
grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '1'; grant all privileges on *.* to pri2@'%' identified by '1'; grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '1' with max_user_connections 1;
revoke
mysql> revoke select on *.* from pri1@'%';
(Vii) DML Data Manipulation Language
1. increase
insert
#注意：所有值必须一一对应，如果没有就给null
mysql> insert into student2 values(null,'qls',18,'m',now());
#注意：只需要给前面的key添加value，前面key值的顺序可以随意，后面value必须对应
mysql> insert into student2(sname,sage,sgender) values('zls',18,'m');
mysql> insert into student2(sage,sname,sgender) values(18,'zls','m');
#插入多条数据 mysql> insert into student2(sname,sage,sgender) values('zls',18,'m'),('qls',18,'f');
2. change
update
mysql> update student2 set sgender='f'; #规范用法 必须接where条件
mysql> update student2 set sgender='f' where sid=1; mysql> update student2 set sage=20 where 1=1;
3. deleted
delete
# 必须接条件 mysql> delete from student2 where sid=2; mysql> delete from student2 where sid>3 and sid<9;
4. Charles
mysql> select * from student2 where state=1;
Use update instead of doing pseudo deleted **
1. Add a status bar
mysql> alter table student2 add state enum('1','0') default '1';
2. Use the delete update
mysql> update student2 set state='0' where sid=9;
3. When the query access conditions
mysql> select * from student2 where state=1;