This is a common problem, my solution does not necessarily apply, but my computer can be solved.
First, the emergence of this problem, use your browser to view this page:
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/sources.list.d/20-default.list
Found not get in, so naturally no way to download.
The solution is to uninstall the previous installation package:
sudo apt-get remove ros-*
Then reconfigure the source, select ustc source in the software update.
Then enter the console, add USTC source:
sudo sh -c '. /etc/lsb-release && echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ros/ubuntu/ $DISTRIB_CODENAME main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'
Add key:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-key 0xB01FA116
After the procedure the same as before:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ros-kinetic-desktop-full
And then perform that step before the problem:
sudo rosdep init
If correct, will return: Wrote etc / ros. . . . (Omitted), this time, if you go before the visit that website, it should be able to go in it
Then, after the execution in accordance with official website. I do not know if I have the solution to your problem then