Foreword
Since World February 14, 1946 on the first computer came, first-generation computer language "machine language" was born, it uses the most primitive punch cards, the language used on the cards only an expert can understand, and human language very different. Is the only language the computer can recognize the nature of this language is difficult for humans to understand. In order to make it easier for people to understand and write, so there will be a second generation of "assembly language", compared to machine language, assembly language gigantic step forward, although it is still too complicated, it is easy to use out in error, but after all, many have begun using digital instead of letters. Simple "0,1" Digital who would not understand, but the letter is that people can read and spell. Although the second-generation computer language is still "machine-oriented" language, but it is destined to become a bridge machine language evolved to a more high-level language. When the computer language developed to the third generation entered the "human-oriented" language of the stage. You can read, and direct use human language to enter. For us Chinese, it is not yet able to input Chinese characters directive, mainly because Chinese input has not been a very good tool. Third-generation language is known as "high-level language." Is a high-level language habits of the people close to the programming language. It allows calculation program to write in English, arithmetic calculation formulas and symbols used in the program, have mathematical formulas and we use almost daily. High-level language is easy to learn, versatility, write a short program to facilitate the promotion and exchange, is ideal for a programming language. We talk today is third-generation language Java language "high-level language" in the.
Born 1.JAVA language!
In 1991, when, James Gosling at Sun's team of engineers want to design a small computer language it is mainly used for TV box such as consumer electronics products. These electronic products have one thing in common: computing power and memory are very limited. So it requested: Language must be very small and can generate very compact code, so you can perform in this environment. In addition, because different vendors choose different CPU, therefore, it requires that the language can not be tied to a specific architecture, language requirements themselves are neutral, that is cross-platform. This language was originally named "Green", meaning the software is similar to green. Its original purpose is to develop a home consumer electronics products distributed code system so that we can send E-mail refrigerators, television sets and other household appliances, control them, and they exchange information. Start, ready to adopt C ++, but C ++ is too complex, poor security, the last based on C ++ to develop a new language Oak, Oak is a sophisticated network and the security of the language used, Sun has this tender an interactive television project, but SGI result was defeated. Poor Oak almost homeless, happened then Mark Ardreesen developed Mosaic and Netscape inspired the members of the Oak project team. They wrote a browser with a new language, was supported by Scott McNealy, CEO of Sun Microsystems. In a few members of the members of the group when a company called "claw frog" coffee shop are discussing this new language to take what name, a man had an idea, he said: "what is called Java" to give other people appreciation, then, Java language was born.
2.JAVA language development!
May 23, 1995, Java language officially born.
In January 1996, the first JDK-JDK1.0 born.
New features and updates Modified:
Sun Classic VM (Virtual Machine)
Applet (java applets)
AWT (java graphic design)
In April 1996, 10 major operating system vendors declare embed Java technology in its products.
In September 1996, about 83,000 Web pages utilize Java technology to produce.
1997 February 18, JDK1.1 release.
New features and updates Modified:
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- JAR (jar 包)
- JDBC (Java DataBase Connectivity) (connecting to the database)
- JavaBeans (java specification)
- RMI (remote calls)
- Inner Class (internal)
- Reflection (reflection)
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1997 April 2, JavaOne conference, participants more than 10,000 people, a record at that time to create a global scale similar meetings.
In September 1997, JavaDeveloperConnection community members over one hundred thousand.
In February 1998, JDK1.1 has been downloaded more than 2,000,000 times.
In December 1998, 8, Java enterprise platform Java EE released.
In June 1999, the three versions of Sun's release of Java: Standard Edition (Java SE), Enterprise Edition (Java EE), Micro Edition (Java ME).
2000 May 8, JDK1.3 release.
New features and updates Modified:
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- computation
- Timer API (time)
- Java Sound API (voice)
- RMI, CORBA IIOP protocol implemented
- Java 2D new features
- jar file index
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2000 May 29, JDK1.4 release.
2001 June 5, NOKIA announced that by 2003, will sell 100 million mobile phones that support Java.
2001 September 24, Java EE 1.3 release.
2002 February 26, J2SE1.4 release, since Java computing power has increased dramatically.
2004 September 30, J2SE1.5 release is another milestone in the history of Java language development. To show the importance of this release, Java SE 1.5 officially changed its name to Java SE 5.0.
New features and updates Modified:
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- Automatic boxing and unboxing
- Generics
- Metadata
- Introspector (introspection)
- enum (enumeration)
- Static introduced
- The variable length parameter (Varargs)
- foreach (Advanced illusory)
- JMM (memory model)
- concurrent (and contract)
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2006年12月，Sun公司发布了JDK1.6（也被称为Java SE 6）。一直以来，Sun公司维持着大约2年发布一次JDK新版本的习惯。
2009年4月20日，Oracle宣布将以每股9.5美元的价格收购Sun，该交易的总价值约为74亿美元。但Oracle通过收购Sun公司获得了两项软件资产：Java和Solaris。2007年11月，Java语言作为服务器端编程语言，已经取得了极大地成功；而Android平台的流行，则让Java语言获得了在客户端程序上大展拳脚的机会。
2011年7月28日，Oracle公司发布了Java SE 7，这次版本升级经过了将近5年时间。Java SE 7也是Oracle发布的第一个Java版本，引入了二进制整数、支持字符串的switch语句、多异常捕捉、自动关闭资源的try语句等新特性。
2014年3月18日，Oracle公司发布了Java SE 8，这次版本升级为Java带来了全新的Lambda表达式。除此之外，Java 8还增加了大量新特性，这些新特性使得Java变得更加强大。
目前Java的版本已经更新了好几个版本，但目前市场主流还是使用的JDK8。
新特性及更新修改：
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- Lambda表达式
- 函数式接口
- 方法引用和构造器调用
- Stream API
- 接口中的默认方法和静态方法
- 新时间日期API
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