Ten basic skills point of Linux operation and maintenance engineers
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1115068
I am a Linux operation and maintenance engineers, a little experience in this area, and now I want to talk about what aspects of the tools to master it!
When it comes to tools, skill-row can say is, we generally within the line tool called, is the operation and maintenance of tools must be mastered.
I would probably list these areas, so the entry basically no problem.
If you are learning Linux system can use redhat or centos, centos particularly in the enterprise with the most, of course, there will be other versions, but still learners to study these two versions on the line, because the two versions are brothers, no difference, the time can then look at SUSE, some companies like to use, such as our company. . . . .
Tools are as follows:
1.Linux System Basis
This goes without saying, is the basis of this foundation, even this will not be done on the other, reference books, watch Bird Brother Linux Basics, at least 60% of the book to master the content, do not all have to grasp, but somehow the basic commands will it!
2. Network Services
There are many services, each company will use different, but certainly to master basic services, such as FTP, DNS, SAMBA, e-mail, which probably learn a few on the line, LAMP and LNMP must be skilled, I mean the building will not bare, but to be familiar with the inside of the very configuration for the job because the company is absolutely the most critical Web server, nginx and apache to be familiar with, especially nginx must be very familiar with the job, at least some companies also will use tomcat, it's best to learn about this. In fact, the network services need not worry too much, the general company environment already be in place, even if there is a new server or let you rectification, the company will let you reference the appropriate documentation to get, you will not let things get out, but at least the relevant configuration must learn cooked, and certainly more than compile and install those modules to familiarize yourself with his role, especially those PHP module.
2:00 This is a basic and necessary condition, can not be said to be the tool, the tool is really to master.
3.shell script and another script language
shell is the operation and maintenance personnel must have, do not know that even the entry will not work, at least to write some scripts management system, they have to write a simple monitor CPU, memory ratios script now! This is the most basic, do not think Guess who will write and calculate what number of these no effect, meaning only for learning, write a script system is the most meaningful and the other scripting languages are optional, general is 3P, namely python, perl and php, php you do not need to consider, unless you want to do development, I suggest it would be better to learn python, difficult to automate the operation and maintenance, perl is very powerful text processing, anyway, these two learning a on the line.
4.sed and awk tools
Must be mastered, mastered these two tools, we must also grasp the regular expression, this is painful, the regular expression is most difficult to learn, but the combination of the sed and awk will be very powerful, text processing and content filtering Web content is very useful, but at the same time learn shell will generally often used in combination, so learning point 3 point 4 will be the way to learn.
The text processing commands
sort, tr, cut, paste, uniq, tee, etc., will learn, is learning when combined together with 3 points.
6. Database
The preferred MySQL , do not ask me why not learn SQL Server and Oracle, because linux is definitely the most used MySQL, CRUD will learn, especially to learn cooked investigation, other aspects may not be needed because the operation and maintenance personnel use up or check What optimization and development of the statement will not let you get.
7. Firewall
Not to learn not, the firewall can be considered a difficulty, that is hard, not easy to say and easy, and most importantly understand the rules, if CCNA learned friends may be more eager to learn, because there are iptables NAT table, the principle is the same, while the FILTER table most often used, but do not learn it certainly failed.
8. Monitoring Tools
Very very important, I suggest, is best learned that three, cacti, nagios, zibbix, companies should be the most used nagios and zibbix, learn it all anyway! But nagios will be a little difficult, because it will involve the use of automatic monitoring script writing, that place is difficult.
9. A hot standby cluster and
This is very important, be sure to understand, but the company will not let you go and get, basically because the novice will not let you touch, there are many cluster tools, the best science is LVS, it is necessary to learn, it is best to learn nginx cluster, reverse proxy, as well as hot standby, this tool can achieve even more, like my own company to develop hot backup tools, mysql hot standby have to learn, is a master-slave replication, do not tell me this is easy, in fact, not easy to learn to understand the whole process is not easy, just simply do not intend to follow suit.
10. The data backup
Not to learn not, there are a lot of tools, but should at least understand the principles of RAID, especially is the most commonly used 1 + 0 + 0 or 1, but also get out of their own experiments, there are a lot of backup tools, such as tar, dump, rsync, etc., it's best to find out.
Well, at this point 10:00 already suffered enough for you, should be a beginning, because some of the technology would be more difficult to learn, such as apache and nginx are also some very important technology, such as system tuning and optimization services, as well as program optimization, which before had not been contacted to work hard to learn, so this 10-point first learned of it! To learn cooked estimated at least more than three months, it has been part of the script that makes you very difficult, and I would suggest is to first learn cooked shell, and so on and then learn another scripting language, this would be better.
These are Linux into the operation and maintenance engineers need to master the tools, in fact, there are many tools to master, but you are difficult to learn in a learning environment, and finally I would remind you, the tool referred to here is equivalent skills, not like Windows or ubuntu those graphical tools, those tools are useless, as well as learn Linux do not play a graphical interface, so do not eat too much virtual machine memory, and certainly do not recommend Linux tops in the real machine, not impossible to achieve to learning.