- short essay:
- 10 points
- 100 words
- Practical
- Great writing:
- 15 points
- 150 words
- chart
- Three sections:
- Chart data
- Argumentation
- Trends and Conclusions
Problem-solving steps: moderation (1min) → meter reading (2mins) → draft (1-2mins) → Writing (35-40mins) → check (3mins)
Problem-solving steps
Moderation
Are there questions asked? [Note] entitled xxx to xxx words in the title
Generally do not write the title, if it is required to write to write xxx xxx
- The requirements of paragraph structure?
- Describe the chart graph description
- Interpret the meaning set forth in meaning
- Give your comments personal comments
- (Predict the tendency to anticipate trends)
- Special requirements and pitfalls?
example(s)/reason(s)
For example example, the reason reason, effect consequences, there is required the number (s) to write at least two, if not a write to
give a specific (detailed, concrete) Example
Requirements are: not a passing!
Requirements reasoning of
Reading (data)
- Caption (role: an aid to understanding the central idea of the chart)
- Chinese: Understanding the most important, not necessarily verbatim translation. Can be literal, you can paraphrase. (You can translate the core meaning)
Topic: write nouns, content words capitalized! - English: English can not read, looking noun suffix. -ty, -y, -ment, -tion, we will be able to understand the general meaning, fill in the template.
- Chinese: Understanding the most important, not necessarily verbatim translation. Can be literal, you can paraphrase. (You can translate the core meaning)
- :( classification chart analysis and appraisal of the middle section of the entry point)
- Static Figure: Three (largest / highest point, minimum / lowest point, different points (four positive a negative number, four rising a fall ..))
- FIG Dynamic: Two; (start point, the turning point); Trends
draft
- Theme judgment:
- Positive topic: the importance, concerns, advocate
- Neutral topic: the pros and cons coexist, weaknesses
- Negative topic: harmful to curb
- Keywords and topic sentence:
- Key words expression:
- Speech: noun or noun phrase as subject, object made
of ... behind the increase in the noun (phrase), that + sentence, topic sentence - adaptation
- A is defined: the meaning of A
- Relationship between A and B: the relation between A and B (such as the relationship between the part and the Students)
- Effect of A to B: the impact / effect / influence of A on B (such as part-time impact on college students)
- Speech: noun or noun phrase as subject, object made
- Topic sentence expression:
- Positive topic sentence: ... is very important
- (Inverted sentences) Of Great Importance IS the this .
- （被动句）Importance should be attached to this.
- (+ Negative comparative) Nothing More Important IS Within last the this .
（并列句）This is not only neccessary, but indispensable as well.
this into keywords, such as working experience work experience
- Negative topic sentence: ... very harmful.
- (Inverted sentences) Of Extreme detriment IS the this . (Detriment harm harmful injury)
- (Passive) Should BE Labeled detriment to the this .
- (+ Negative comparative) Nothing IS More detrimental Within last the this .
（并列句）This is not only harmful, but damaging as well.
Such as excessive expense on gifts over-consumption Gift
- Neutral topic sentence: ... the pros and cons coexist.
- 双刃剑：... tend(s) to be a double-edged swords.
- Sides: Everything has two sides, ... is not exception .. . . not excluded
- The pros and cons coexist: The pros of this (singular) / these (plural) coexist with the cons of that / those.
- Positive topic sentence: ... is very important
- Key words expression:
- content:
- chart:
- Subject Headings
- Data: Circle (listed in order range )
- degree
- Description Formula Chart: The Number of MeSH Change + + + degree range
- Meaning: reasoning (not all written, choose one)
- For example argument: Example name
- The reason consequences: grounds Keywords
- Opposing views: positive and negative side grounds Keywords
- Trend:. To do sth good advice, bad measures, trends in action
- chart:
- Highlights: aphorisms
- Location: The first chapter, endnote
- How to adapt: the recitation of the famous general to replace key words
Writing (tense)
- Throughout: present tense; Note: Third-person singular
- Principles: the present tense
- note:
- exception:
- Past tense:
- Deceased say or case
- Pie chart in the digital one period of the last change
- When the future: a vision for the future time when the future
- Past tense:
an examination
- Location: mainly to see the first sentence of paragraph, first sentence papers, articles last sentence
- Minefield:
- Three single-issue
- Subject: Only nouns, gerunds doing sth appeared, she likes to do sth, must not favor to occupy a verb...
- Ellipsis after the sentence that must be filled in.
- Ellipsis less to play, not the title number, speak a comma quotes.
Writing arrangements
The structure
of the three sections transforms according to a combination of the sentence frame function- Word Count:
- Principle: strict control, must not be less, Long Short Sentence combination, three to five long sentences
- arrangement:
- Great composition: 220 words or so
- First stage: 5 ~ 6;
- Second section: 6 ~ 8;
- Third paragraph: 5 ~ 6;
- The word line is generally 10 to 12, about 18 rows
- Small Composition: 100 words, must not be less (at least 10 words per one mark)
- Great composition: 220 words or so
Usually time :( 45 + 15 min)
Language upgrade
Writing word principle
Accurate principles
Not write a word encountered how to do?
- Hyponymy replacement
Righteousness Replace: to find a can that contains the word you want to say the word
Yun Pan Pan teacher → → → women → biological female teachers
Hyponymy substitution: can you find a word to express the words contained
Current society: contemporaryily → in contemporary society → in modern society → now
- Replace relegation
- Upgrade: simple word becomes complex and diverse contemporaryily → in contemporary society
- Downgrade: correct principles, simple synonym professor professor → teacher
- Add attributive clause
- 示例：volunteer
a person who can work without paid
a person who works and gets no salard(money) - step:
- Determined not write a word speech
- Nouns, add attributive clause
SB. The WHO do STH.
STH. Which ...
A Place the WHERE ...
- 示例：volunteer
Complex principles:
of + n. = adj.
important = of importance
with + n. = adv.
certainly = with certainty
undoubtedly = without a doubtthe + adj. = represents a group of people
the old, the yound, the poor , the rich, congeners the like
columns different restaurants: A is selected from selected from the group B and the like (and the like, and the like)
Warm principle
- adv. + V.
- Vividly reveal vividly indicate / show
- Clearly shows clear show
- Symbolically reveal symbolically reveal
- adj. + n.
- ... chart clear / abstract abstract chart
- Effective and efficient measures: effective and efficient measure (alliteration)
- Reasonable and rational choice: reasonable and rational choice
Classic complex sentence
3 to 5 (an enough period)
- Inverted sentences:
Picture sentence description:
Example: 2020 Chinese traditional culture to the world.
- Vision for the future sentence: the end of the period ending sentence
Only these measures can do something
only ... + general question of the form (flip)
only with the Measures taken THESE CAN WE do STH.do sth.
= expect a sound development.
= make dreams come ture.
- Subjunctive:
:( sentence summarizing the paragraph first sentence of the third paragraph at the end)
is the case of crisis, it is to take measures to solve the time problem .... (Measures taken in the past have not taken)
at The Serious Situation being SO, IT IS High Time that WE Took as Effective and Efficient at The problem of the Measures to the Solve ...Such as excessive consumption excessive expense
- He stressed the significance of the second paragraph after the sentence :( argument (the end of the second paragraph), stressed the significance of the theme argument) (English need to prepare two three templates, has written the opening paragraph)
If there is no such thing, we can not do something. (Front)
Were there NO SUCH Thing , Never could WE do STH. .Were there no moblie phone, never could we contact our friends.
- ... If the situation continues to deteriorate, it will pay a high price. (Negative)
Were at The Situation of ... to the Continue, WE Would the Pay A High. Price. If not ... we can not do something. However, if it's the opposite surface continues to deteriorate, we have to pay a heavy price. (Neutral)
Were there NO SUCH Thing , Never Would WE do STH . Yet, were facet of the this Situation The Opposite to Continue, WE Would Pay Heavy. Price.
- as the moonlight structure
- Chart summary sentence :( beginning of the end of the paragraph)
Although the data in isolation, but in close contact with each other.
Isolated as the figure seem to be, they are connected to one another closely.
- Chart summary sentence :( beginning of the end of the paragraph)
when the boot time adverbial clause is omitted
when the sentence, after back into place when the subject, have to be the same person!
When at the age of 6, I was taught by my father.- Comparative and superlative Negative =
- Leads Example: In addition to the following, I can not find a better example. (Intermediate section argument)
the I CAN Better Think of NO The following examples Within last One (S). - Leads to reason: in addition to the following, I can not find a better reason. (Intermediate section argument)
the I CAN NO Better reason Think of (S) The following Within last One (S).
- Leads Example: In addition to the following, I can not find a better example. (Intermediate section argument)
Jiugongge sentence
- English one:
| Beginning of period | (A) caused topic | (B) drawing (table) describes | (C) drawing (table) summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| The middle section | (D) the specific meaning | (E) the significance argument | (Vi) summary of the meaning (emphasis or sublimation) |
| End of paragraph | (Vii) induction comment | (H) Recommended Practices | (Ix) vision for the future |
- The proposed replacement pie chart:
| Beginning of period | (A) leads to the theme | (B) a graph depicting | (C) the summary chart |
|---|---|---|---|
| The middle section | (D) the specific meaning | (E) the significance argument | (Vi) summary of the meaning (emphasis or sublimation) |
| End of paragraph | (Vii) predict trends | (H) Recommended Practices | (Ix) vision for the future |
- The opening paragraph:
- The chart reveals the preferences of different people to choose the restaurant. As shown, it comprises a selection preferences respectively. . . Their numbers Yes. . . Although the figures in isolation but in close contact with each other.
- Middle section:
- Undoubtedly, this chart tells us that the relationship between A and B. Except for the following reason can not find better ways to demonstrate it. the reason. . . If no cell phone, it will. . .
- The end of the paragraph:
- Future think it is good, it is recommended
- Future think it's bad, measures
- According to the chart data, we are pretty sure to predict. . . (reached a conclusion). Proposed measures. The future will be better.
Each school yard box 5-8 sentences, free combination, can write the same frame, but not the same English sentence.
Leads to the theme
Chart provides information on ... (MeSH) of.
The chart provides information about ... (MeSH)
- upgrade:
- chart：
- Line graph line chart
- Histogram bar chart
- Pie chart pie chart
- Form table
- provide：
- present
- show
- indicate
- reflect
- echo
- mirror
- chart：
- Example: The
table presents a city of China traffic accident traffic accident in a Chinese city information / data
The table presents information about traffice accident in a Chinese city.
Chart compares ... and ...
The chart compares ... with ...
(the number of A, that of B)
(the trend of A, that of B)
- Example:
the rate of US population growth in
the growth rate of US population
rate of species extinction is
the extinction rate of wildlife- Line graph compares the growth rate of the US population and the rate of species extinction.
The line chart compares the growth rate of US population with the extinction rate of wildlife
- Line graph compares the growth rate of the US population and the rate of species extinction.
Chart shows ... (a topic) The difference in terms of ...
The chart shows the differences about/of ...（主题） in ...（方面）
Example 1: Histogram, customized mobile phones (mobile-phone subscribe / sales / buying)
bar chart displays the customized mobile phones in developing and developed countries differences.
The bar chart shows the differences about mobile -phone subscription in developing country and developed ones.Example 2: The tables show the formulas are not satisfied with the situation
were different in the different age groups
The table shows the differences about dissatisfaction situation in different age groups.
As shown in graph formula graph depicting + = Table
- As shown in Table, of As Indicated in IS The Graph .
- Line graph line chart
- Histogram bar chart
- Pie chart pie chart
- Form table
Adding modified:
subtly Indicated subtly reveals
clearly indicated clearly revealsPie chart clearly reveals,
of As Indicated in IS Clearly The PIE Chart,- The basic formula:
- The first: the numbers of topics (noun) + Change (predicate) + degree (adverb) + range (time range and a longitudinal axis numerical ranges)
The second (score): at The Number The theme of change + + + degree time, (numeric range) ranging from ... to ...
Digital: number
Number: numbersnumber → figure (s), the total amount, rate rate, proportion proportionate share (pie charts), percentage percentage%, ‰ ‰ write directly
Theme: noun
Topic = total superimposed subtopics
A = B and C relating to totalthe number of A ...
the number of B and C
Total: customized mobile phones in developing countries and developed countries,
mobile phone subscription in developing countries and developed ones
Change: predicate
- Static map :( pie charts, tables, bar graphs isolated)
- 是：is，was，are，were
- 占：represent，account for
... composed of: be composed of ...
Examples 1: A is B, C, and D.
The amount of A is composed of B , C and D.
Example 2: In 2015, the number of Spring Festival consumption by gifts, transportation and other components.
The number of cost in Spring Festival is composed of gift, traffic and others.
- dynamic picture:
- rise:
- increase，rise，grow，ascend
- Past tense: increased, rose, grew, ascended
- decline:
- decrease，decline，diminish，fall，descend
- 过去式：decreased，declined，diminished，fell，descended
- rise:
degree:
slightly, slightly
slowly, slowly
steadily, stably
significant, significant
sharply, abruptly
Range: from the starting point to the end point
- From 1 to 10: from 1 to 10
- From 1990 to 2000: from 1990 to 2000
- 1 year 2,000,101,990 years: from 1 in 1990 to 10 in 2000
- From 1900 to 200,019,901,990 years: from 1900 in the year of 1990 to 1990 in the year of 2000 (looked like, in the year preceded the year of)
Chart summary (the end of the sentence of the opening paragraph)
Although the figures are isolated, in fact, closely linked.
Isolated as the figure seem to be, as a matter of fact, they are connected to one another closely.Isolated: isolated;
figures: figure;
in fact: as a matter of factDespite the somewhat abstract, but behind the chart there is a deeper meaning.
Despite a litter abstract, there is a deeper connotation behind the graph.Abstract: abstract;
meaning: Notion, connotationThe real purpose of drawing's not the data itself, but to guide us to explore why.
The draftsman's real purpose is not the statistics, but to lead us to find the reasons.In fact, the authors really want to tell us not just numbers.
As a matter of fact, what the author tries to show us is more than statistics.- Wavy map:
- Changes in more than one, on which there are lower:
although ... (MeSH) numbers have fluctuated, but the overall trend is upward / downward
Although the number of ... varies, the whole tendency tends to be increasing / decreasing (upward / downward). - More than one variable:
- Changes in more than one, on which there are lower:
No change:
... data unchanged. Flat Number The IS of ... at The.
... data in stable .... The number of ... remains steady at ....Share of the Chinese car remains at% 35
at The Proportion of Chinese cars Remains Steady AT 35%.- Chart two variables
variables a formula. Related words, two variable equation.- Related words:
- General:
meanwhile, at the same time
And ... during the same period / at the same time - Down with the rise with the same :()
- General:
- Related words: